Toward a complete representation of graphoids in graphs — Abridged Version

1990 ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
Robert Y. Geva ◽  
Azaria Paz
Keyword(s):  
Complete Representation

scholarly journals Structural characteristics of plant cell wall elucidated by solution-state 2D NMR spectroscopy with an optimized procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 650-663
Author(s):  
Wanwan Wang ◽  
Jibao Cai ◽  
Zhenyu Xu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Fanchao Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
2D Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Complete Representation

AbstractA method was developed for rapid qualitative determination of lignocellulose in the tobacco cell wall by utilizing 2D heteronuclear single quantum coherence NMR spectra (2D HSQC NMR). Traditional methods for analyzing the structure of lignocellulose involve many steps of separation and extraction, which is labor-intensive. In this work, the whole cell wall was milled and dissolved in deuterium solvent. The solvent dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO-d6) containing hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA-d18) enhanced swelling of the sample and gave high-resolution spectra. The tobacco samples are ball milled at different ball milling times, and the state of the particles is observed through an electron microscope, and then the probability of the particles being less than 5 µm is counted. Through the comparison of the abundance and integration of the peak signals in the spectra under different transmittances, it was determined that when the milling time was 6 h, the quality of the NMR spectra was the best. The optimum conditions of characterizing tobacco structure were DMSO-d6/HMPA-d18 solution and 6 h milling time. Under these conditions, complete representation of the structure of lignocellulose and simplified process could be achieved.

scholarly journals Assessing the large-scale impacts of environmental change using a coupled hydrology and soil erosion model

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris P. C. Eekhout ◽  
Wilco Terink ◽  
Joris de Vente
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Erosion Model ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Large Catchment

Abstract. Assessing the impacts of environmental change on soil erosion and sediment yield at the large catchment scale remains one of the main challenges in soil erosion modelling studies. Here, we present a process-based soil erosion model, based on the integration of the Morgan–Morgan–Finney erosion model in a daily based hydrological model. The model overcomes many of the limitations of previous large-scale soil erosion models, as it includes a more complete representation of crucial processes like surface runoff generation, dynamic vegetation development, and sediment deposition, and runs at the catchment scale with a daily time step. This makes the model especially suited for the evaluation of the impacts of environmental change on soil erosion and sediment yield at regional scales and over decadal periods. The model was successfully applied in a large catchment in southeastern Spain. We demonstrate the model's capacity to perform impact assessments of environmental change scenarios, specifically simulating the scenario impacts of intra- and inter-annual variations in climate, land management, and vegetation development on soil erosion and sediment yield.

scholarly journals Integrative ‘Omic’ Approach Towards Understanding the Nature of Human Diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borut Peterlin ◽  
A Maver
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Molecular Events

ABSTRACT The combination of improving technologies for molecular interrogation of global molecular alterations in human diseases along with increases in computational capacity, have enabled unprecedented insight into disease etiology, pathogenesis and have enabled new possibilities for biomarker development. A large body of data has accumulated over recent years, with a most prominent increase in information originating from genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiling levels. However, the complexity of the data made discovery of highorder disease mechanisms involving various biological layers, difficult, and therefore required new approaches toward integration of such data into a complete representation of molecular events occurring on cellular level. For this reason, we developed a new mode of integration of results coming from heterogeneous origins, using rank statistics of results from each profiling level. Due to the increased use of nextgeneration sequencing technology, experimental information is becoming increasingly more associated to sequence information, for which reason we have decided to synthesize the heterogeneous results using the information of their genomic position. We therefore propose a novel positional integratomic approach toward studying ‘omic’ information in human disease.

scholarly journals Congruence between breeding and wintering biodiversity hotspots: A case study in farmlands of Western Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Zbigniew Kwieciński ◽  
Piotr Indykiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Jankowiak ◽  
Paweł Szymański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Evolutionary Distinctiveness

Abstract Farmland landscapes are recognized as important ecosystems, not only for their rich biodiversity but equally so for the human beings who live and work in these places. However, biodiversity varies among sites (spatial change) and among seasons (temporal change). In this work, we tested the hypothesis that bird diversity hotspots distribution for breeding is congruent with bird diversity hotspots for wintering season, focusing also the representation of protected areas for the conservation of local hotspots. We proposed a framework based on the use of species richness, functional diversity, and evolutionary distinctiveness to characterize avian communities. Although our findings show that the spatial distribution of local bird hotspots differed slightly between seasons, the protected areas’ representation was similar in both seasons. Protected areas covered 65% of the most important zones for breeding and 71% for the wintering season in the farmland studied. Functional diversity showed similar patterns as did bird species richness, but this measure can be most effective for highlighting differences on bird community composition. Evolutionary distinctiveness was less congruent with species richness and functional diversity, among seasons. Our findings suggest that inter-seasonal spatial congruence of local hotspots can be considered as suitable areas upon which to concentrate greater conservation efforts. However, even considering the relative congruence of avian diversity metrics at a local spatial scale, simultaneous analysis of protected areas while inter-seasonally considering hotspots, can provide a more complete representation of ecosystems for assessing the conservation status and designating priority areas.

scholarly journals Updated checklist of bony fishes along the Libyan coasts (Southern Mediterranean Sea)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOUSSEIN ELBARAASI ◽  
BAHRIA ELABAR ◽  
SALAMA ELAABIDI ◽  
ASMA BASHIR ◽  
OSAMA ELSILINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Bony Fishes ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Non Indigenous Species ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

 Here we provide an updated review of both native and non-indigenous ichthyofauna occurring in the waters of Libya, one of the largest and less studied marine areas of the Mediterranean basin. With respect to the most recent information, the list of Libyan bony fishes was updated with 104 species for a total of 304 listed taxa. Out of these species, 271 are native, 6 endemic to the Mediterranean, 22 non indigenous of Lessepsian origin and 5 range expanding taxa from Gibraltar. Information on the distribution and abundance of Lessepsian fishes along the Libyan coasts was gained through both field surveys and interviews with local small-scale fishermen, which contributed in filling large information gaps in the area. This combined approach allowed to gather a more complete representation of non indigenous species along the Libyan coasts and indicated three assessment areas, corresponding to the eastern, central and western sectors of the country, which should be considered in future monitoring programs.

scholarly journals MULTI-SENSOR DATA ACQUISITION AND INTEGRATION PROCESSES FOR THE STUDY AND DOCUMENTATION OF THE CHURCH OF SANTA MARIA DEGLI ANGELI IN PIZZOFALCONE IN NAPLES

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 571-578
Author(s):  
M. Pulcrano ◽  
S. Scandurra ◽  
E. Fragalà ◽  
D. Palomba ◽  
A. di Luggo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Passive Sensors ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
The Church ◽  
3D Digital Models

Abstract. The paper presents the results of a research carried out on the Church of Santa Maria degli Angeli in Pizzofalcone in Naples, in which multi-sensor surveys have been performed in order to assess the architectonical, geometrical and colorimetric characteristics of the majestic basilica. The use of integrated technologies made it possible to realize 3D digital models that allowed the complete representation of the building, integrating data and filling the gaps of the different previous surveys. The performances of the various reality-based technologies employed have been subjected to critical analysis in order to maximize their potential, optimize survey and data elaboration phases, and obtain the expected results. These latter have been defined through the derived digital re-elaborations and representations. Hence, the objective of the research is to carry out a comparative analysis on the 3D models generated through the different active and passive sensors employed in order to proceed with their integration and achieve an accurate, original and updated methodology of building survey.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Organization of Composite Receptive Fields in the Songbird Auditory Forebrain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Winchester Vahidi
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Bird Songs ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Auditory Forebrain ◽  
Neuron Populations ◽  
Classical Models

The mechanisms underlying how single auditory neurons and neuron populations encode natural and acoustically complex vocal signals, such as human speech or bird songs, are not well understood. Classical models focus on individual neurons, whose spike rates vary systematically as a function of change in a small number of simple acoustic dimensions. However, neurons in the caudal medial nidopallium (NCM), an auditory forebrain region in songbirds that is analogous to the secondary auditory cortex in mammals, have composite receptive fields (CRFs) that comprise multiple acoustic features tied to both increases and decreases in firing rates. Here, we investigated the anatomical organization and temporal activation patterns of auditory CRFs in European starlings exposed to natural vocal communication signals (songs). We recorded extracellular electrophysiological responses to various bird songs at auditory NCM sites, including both single and multiple neurons, and we then applied a quadratic model to extract large sets of CRF features that were tied to excitatory and suppressive responses at each measurement site. We found that the superset of CRF features yielded spatially and temporally distributed, generalizable representations of a conspecific song. Individual sites responded to acoustically diverse features, as there was no discernable organization of features across anatomically ordered sites. The CRF features at each site yielded broad, temporally distributed responses that spanned the entire duration of many starling songs, which can last for 50 s or more. Based on these results, we estimated that a nearly complete representation of any conspecific song, regardless of length, can be obtained by evaluating populations as small as 100 neurons. We conclude that natural acoustic communication signals drive a distributed yet highly redundant representation across the songbird auditory forebrain, in which adjacent neurons contribute to the encoding of multiple diverse and time-varying spectro-temporal features.

scholarly journals Understanding and Evaluating Research and Scholarly Publishing in the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Empirical Concept ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Limited Coverage ◽  
Holistic Manner

Abstract Internationalization is important for research quality and for specialization on new themes in the social sciences and humanities (SSH). Interaction with society, however, is just as important in these areas of research for realizing the ultimate aims of knowledge creation. This article demonstrates how the heterogenous publishing patterns of the SSH may reflect and fulfill both purposes. The limited coverage of the SSH in Scopus and Web of Science is discussed along with ideas about how to achieve a more complete representation of all the languages and publication types that are actually used in the SSH. A dynamic and empirical concept of balanced multilingualism is introduced to support combined strategies for internationalization and societal interaction. The argument is that all the communication purposes in all different areas of research, and all the languages and publication types needed to fulfill these purposes, should be considered in a holistic manner without exclusions or priorities whenever research in the SSH is evaluated.

scholarly journals Oxford Nanopore Sequencing, Hybrid Error Correction, and de novo Assembly of a Eukaryotic Genome

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Goodwin ◽  
James Gurtowski ◽  
Scott Ethe-Sayers ◽  
Panchajanya Deshpande ◽  
Michael Schatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
De Novo Assembly ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Correction Algorithm ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Error Correction Algorithm ◽  
Sequencing Instrument

Monitoring the progress of DNA molecules through a membrane pore has been postulated as a method for sequencing DNA for several decades. Recently, a nanopore-based sequencing instrument, the Oxford Nanopore MinION, has become available that we used for sequencing the S. cerevisiae genome. To make use of these data, we developed a novel open-source hybrid error correction algorithm Nanocorr (https://github.com/jgurtowski/nanocorr) specifically for Oxford Nanopore reads, as existing packages were incapable of assembling the long read lengths (5-50kbp) at such high error rate (between ~5 and 40% error). With this new method we were able to perform a hybrid error correction of the nanopore reads using complementary MiSeq data and produce a de novo assembly that is highly contiguous and accurate: the contig N50 length is more than ten-times greater than an Illumina-only assembly (678kb versus 59.9kbp), and has greater than 99.88% consensus identity when compared to the reference. Furthermore, the assembly with the long nanopore reads presents a much more complete representation of the features of the genome and correctly assembles gene cassettes, rRNAs, transposable elements, and other genomic features that were almost entirely absent in the Illumina-only assembly.

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