Internal Migration in Albania and the Changes in Transfers Received from Family and Friends: A Study of Internal Migrants in Peri-Urban Tirana

2012 ◽  
pp. 177-202
Author(s):  
Florian Tomini ◽  
Jessica Hagen-Zanker
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Internal Migrants

SAGA OF MIGRANT WORKERS IN INDIA: MEASURES TO STRENGTHEN SOCIAL SECURITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Deepa Pillai ◽  
Leena Dam
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Level ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Security Standards

COVID 19 pandemic has thrown up bitter colors when India witnessed the large scale gory sage of reverse internal migration of unorganized workforce. As compared to intercontinental migration the degree of internal migration is twice. Displacement, lockdowns, loss of employment, starvation and social distancing provoked a frenzied course of mass return for internal migrants in India and other parts of the world. In India there is a peculiar trend of unorganized workforce migration. Out of 29 states and 7 union territories, few states dominate where migrants flock for seeking livelihood. The fleeing of migrants to their inherent origin has weakened the economic activities towards slowdown in the economic growth. This thematic review paper discusses the problems of the internal migrants and their state during and post lockdown announcements in India. The data included extracts of articles, opinions and reviews for which codes were recognized which lead to formulation of research themes. The review also highlights government interventions in addressing the challenges confronted by the internal migrants with social security. This study proposes an arrangement as migrant exchange at state level for efficient policy formulation and accomplishment of social security standards.

scholarly journals The Evolution of Romania’s Internal Migration. Findings from the 1977, 1992, 2002 and 2011 Censuses

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Constanţa Mihăescu ◽  
Adrian Otoiu ◽  
Erika Marin ◽  
Ileana Niculescu-Aron
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Internal Migrants

Abstract Although internal migration has been rather overlooked, both in terms of its magnitude and importance, its ability to reflect socio-economic changes is providing useful insights on the evolution of the Romanian society over the last decades. Based on the analysis of census microdata over the past 4 censuses, some major shifts in the magnitude and patterns in internal migration reveal the fact that characteristics of internal migrants have not only mirrored, but also preceded the changes observed for the total population. Among the most important developments revealed by our analysis have been a slight decrease in migration incidence since 1992, an increase in migrants residing in rural areas, especially in the South region, and a higher incidence among women, perhaps as a counterweight for higher international migration rates among men. Internal migrants’ age profile shows that they are 11 years older than the total population, up from a gap of only 6 years in 1977. Although they tend to be relatively more educated, their advantage has been on a declining trend and, contrary to common perceptions, are less likely to be single. At the county level, data reveals diverging patterns triggered by post-communist development, among which deindustrialization of some countries and strong international migration. These findings help portray the socio-economic changes as revealed by the analysis of census data, and provide any additional feedback to the annual internal migration flow estimates, by assessing the stock of those who moved from their birthplace, and showing how net internal migration patterns have morphed over time, both reflecting and effecting demographic and socioeconomic evolutions of the Romanian society1.

scholarly journals Left Behind? The impact of geographical mobility on children's educational attainment in Finland and Germany.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia McMullin ◽  
Jani Erola ◽  
Elina Kilpi-Jakonen ◽  
Aleksi Karhula
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
Geographical Mobility ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
The Impact

It is often assumed that families migrate to improve their economic and social prospects, and that these additional resources can benefit the whole family. However, existing research suggests that many children who have experienced (internal) migration underperform compared to their non-migrating peers in terms of different socioeconomic outcomes. In this paper, we study the effects of geographical mobility on children’s educational attainment in Finland and Germany using Finnish register data and the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) respectively.Our findings indicate that moving during childhood is associated with the risk of not attaining any secondary degree in both countries. In Finland, this is mostly explained by negative selection into moving, (i.e. those who move are more likely to be disadvantaged). For Germany however, an independent association between moving and educational attainment remains after taking into account various reasons why families move. Furthermore, for both Germany and Finland, any labour force status or earning gains parents make, after a move, do not seem to compensate for the negative influence of internal migration on children’s educational attainment. Overall, we conclude that that when children move something remains behind, therefore schools have an important role to play in integrating internal migrants – as well as international migrants – into the social networks of the schools they arrive in.

Internal migration

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Bharathram Sathur Raghuraman ◽  
Santosh Chaturvedi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
The Impact

This chapter reviews existing literature on the statistics of internal migration spanning across all the continents of the world to better understand the gigantic nature of this constantly occurring phenomenon especially in low- and middle-income countries. The chapter also focuses on the impact of internal migration on health by reviewing literature on phenomenon such as the ‘healthy migrant’. The possible implications of internal migration on mental health are detailed, including possible hypotheses underpinning the development of mental health issues in migrants and the chapter briefly reviews the possible resilient protective factors in migrants. Various studies on the impact of internal migration on the prevalence of common and severe mental illnesses from across the world are discussed in the text. The chapter ends with a section reviewing the existing literature on the problems faced by internal migrants in terms of availability and accessibility to quality health care and the need for macro-level healthcare reforms especially in developing nations such as India.

scholarly journals Internal Migration and Poverty Reduction in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-90
Author(s):  
Nicholas Awuse ◽  
Patrick Tadoh Offi ◽  
Amevi Acakpovi
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Rank Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Relationship

Nowadays, policymakers and researchers are discussing the relationship between internal migrations on poverty reduction. The uneven economic developments in Ghana these days, among others, have made the essential towns a des tination for internal migrants from other areas of the country. This study examines internal migration that acts as a way o ut of area poverty where conservative strategies on poverty reduction have failed to draw on empirical evidence on Ghana's civil movement. It is also examining how internal migration leads to economic development in rural areas. For the migrants a proportionate sample size of 680 used. Snowball sampling utilized for population selection (migrants) Gathered data from six regions and 38 districts in Ghana.It was analysed using questionnaires and interviews using versi on 22 of the Social Sciences Statistical Package (SPSS). The research also used statistical methods such as multinomial re gression, Spearman rank analysis of correlation, and ordinal model regression. Internal migration has a positive effect on poverty alleviation in Ghana bringing good drinking water supplies, electricity expansion, sanitation facilities, improved incomes, better healthcare, better nutrition, savings and investment opportunities to migrants, their families and communities among others. In order to maximize the effect of internal migration, the study recommended policy, theoretical and practical interventions on poverty reduction in Ghana

Internal Migration and the Health of Middle-Aged and Older Persons in China: The Healthy Migrant Effect Reconsidered

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752095876
Author(s):  
Li Gao ◽  
Margaret J. Penning ◽  
Zheng Wu ◽  
Shannon João Sterrett ◽  
Shuzhuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Self ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Migration And Health

This study investigates associations between internal migration and health among middle-aged and older adults in China, including variations associated with type of migration (rural-to-urban, urban-to-rural, rural-to-rural, urban-to-urban). Data were drawn from China’s Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011, 2013, 2015). Lagged panel and fixed-effect regression models address associations between migration and health outcomes (self-rated health, depression) while controlling for pre-migration and post-migration selection effects. The results reveal the positive implications of rural-to-urban migration for the self-rated health of middle-aged but not older adults. They also point to the positive effects of migration within and to rural areas for the self-rated and mental health of older adults. Overall, although migration may be beneficial to the health of internal migrants in China, complexities associated with age, type of migration, and the health outcome involved need to be taken into account.

scholarly journals Internal Migration and the Covid-19 Pandemic in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-248
Author(s):  
S Irudaya Rajan ◽  
R. B. Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Internal Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Migrants Rights ◽  
Social Safety Nets

AbstractThis chapter looks at the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on internal migrants in India. According to the 2011 Census, there are over 450 million internal migrants, of which a massive 54 million are inter-state migrants. A large number of these migrants consist of labourers who comprise a huge percentage of the informal sector workforce, both in the rural and urban areas of India, and are vital to the country’s economy. These workers are also some of the most vulnerable, with inadequacies in terms of working conditions and coverage of social safety nets, and are also largely absent from India’s policy discourses. This chapter highlights the size and extent of internal migration as well as its distribution across different states in India. It shows how the current crisis and lockdowns have affected their lives and livelihoods. It particularly looks at the responses of central and various state governments – at destinations and origins – to ensure migrants’ wellbeing. It also analyses the socioeconomic impact of the migrant exodus from major destinations and looks at solutions to enable and ensure that migration patterns in the future are sustainable, and more importantly, ensure migrants’ rights and dignity.

scholarly journals Chain migration and residential segregation of internal migrants in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Skop ◽  
Paul A. Peters ◽  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral ◽  
Joseph E Potter ◽  
Wilson Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Dynamic Feedback ◽  
Chain Migration ◽  
Spatial Measures ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Sending Areas

This paper focuses on the geography of internal migration to and settlement within the metropolitan area of São Paulo. Specifically, the research objectives are to: (1) document the major flows of internal migration into the São Paulo metropolitan area; (2) map both short- and long-term migrant patterns of settlement within the São Paulo metropolitan area; and (3) approximate to what extent particular migrants from specific sending areas spatially concentrate in certain neighborhoods within the metropolitan area using both non-spatial and spatial measures of segregation. The key feature of our theoretical argument is that migrant networks evolve, accumulate, and generate higher than expected levels of internal migration to particular neighborhoods. As internal migrants become increasingly concentrated and a dynamic feedback process emerges between origin and destination, the metropolis becomes both segmented and segregated.

Internal Migration: Issues Prevailing in the NCT (National Capital Territory) of Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Anuja Sharma ◽  
A. M. Jose
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Migrant Population ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Economic Survey ◽  
The City

India is currently facing an issue of high internal migration. As per the Economic Survey of India, there were about 454 million internal migrants and has witnessed 9 million annual migrants between the year 2011 to 2016. Data shows among states, Delhi is witnessing major inflow of internal migrants and is now home to 8 million in-migrants and is one among the megacities of the world with population about 18.5 million in the year 2018 and is expected to grow to 38.94 million by 2030.It is important to note that these migrants do contribute to the development of the city and how their Speedy growth in population has increased the issues and challenges in form  of Health, Education, Child labor and other social and economic issues with that affects a decent living to them. The paper aims to study the internal migration scenario in NCT of Delhi and the challenges and issues faced by migrants as discussed above. Secondary data (like research papers, publications and reports by government of India and Government of Delhi) was used to analyse the above mention issues. The findings highlight need to strengthen migrant policies and implementation of labor laws which could safeguard and benefit migrant population.

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