Potentiation of the Effectiveness of Lactobacillus Casei in the Prevention of E. Coli Induced Diarrhea in Conventional and Gnotobiotic Pigs

Abstract Bovine mastitis is one of the major diseases which directly affects the milk production performance and it causes huge economic losses in the dairy industry. Bacterial infection is the main risk factor of bovine mastitis and the antibiotic therapy is the primary choice to control the disease. However, persistence use of antibiotic increases the incidence of bacterial resistance and traces of antibiotic residues in animal products. Lactobacillus casei Zhang is one of the probiotics with multiple biological functions, which has certain bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic microorganism. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) on the prevention of E. coli-induced milk-blood barrier damage. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were used to establish a milk-blood model and Control group (PBS), E. coli group, and L. casei Zhang pretreatment plus E. coli group were set up respectively. The results showed that: L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the increase of LDH release caused by E. coli treatment (P< 0.05). And it can also significantly reduce the decrease of transmembrane resistance of monolayer cells caused by E. coli treatment (P< 0.05). In addition, L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Claudin-1, Claudin-4 and Occludin (P < 0.05). In conclusion, L. casei Zhang could effectively improve the damage of the blood-milk barrier caused by E. coli and could protect BMECs during bacterial infection.

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Effect of probiotic strains upon intestinal immune system under cold stress

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017503003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 175 ◽

pp. 03003

Author(s):

Yuri Kozlovsky ◽

Tatiana Khomyakova ◽

Aminat Magomedova ◽

Galina Kozlovskaya ◽

Mariya Zinevich

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Causative Factor ◽

Peyer's Patches ◽

Peyer’S Patches ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

E Coli ◽

Intestinal Immune System ◽

Probiotic Strains

Gut microbiome changes can be considered as a causative factor of stress-associated intestinal diseases. The aim of the investigation was to study the effects of the oral probiotic strains Lactobacillus casei LB 148 and E. coli EB 387 onto gut microbiota, as well as the intestinal immune system of rats Sprague Dawley in a healthy state and under cold stress. There are no strict official recommendations here in the Russian Federation for preclinical studies of new probiotic strains. Here we describe a method used to estimate the safety and effectiveness of the oral use of a probiotic. It is cheap and simple, so we recommend using it at least for the screening search of effective and safe probiotics. The number of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of rats in different compartments was counted and then compared between different groups of rats. After cold stress there was a change in the number of Peyer’s patches together with microbiota shifts. Lactobacillus casei LB 148 as well as E. coli EB 387 protected the immune system against the stress effects.

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A Mixture of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus lactis, and Paenibacillus polymyxa Reduces Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Finishing Feedlot Cattle

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-433 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 738-744 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

KIM STANFORD ◽

SUSAN BACH ◽

JOHN BAAH ◽

TIM McALLISTER

Keyword(s):

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽

Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Escherichia Coli O157 ◽

E Coli ◽

Growing Period ◽

Fecal Ph ◽

Lactobacillus Lactis

A direct-fed microbial (DFM) containing Paenibacillus polymyxa, Lactobacillus casei, and Lactobacillus lactis was fed to cattle (n = 120) to determine impacts on shedding and survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feces. Cattle were individually penned and fed diets containing 0 (control), 4 × 107 CFU (DFM-4), 8 × 107 CFU (DFM-8), or 1.2 × 108 CFU (DFM-12) lactobacilli per kg of dietary dry matter over 84-day fall-winter growing and 140-day spring-summer finishing periods. Fecal grab samples were collected from cattle at 28-day intervals, E. coli O157:H7 was detected by immunomagnetic separation, and isolates were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. During the growing period, feces negative for E. coli O157 from each dietary treatment were inoculated with 105 CFU/g nalidixic acid–resistant E. coli O157:H7 and were incubated at 4 and 22°C for 11 weeks. Fecal pH and fecal dry matter were measured on days 0, 1, 3, and 7 and weekly thereafter, with E. coli O157:H7 enumerated through dilution plating. Treatment with DFMs did not affect survival of E. coli O157:H7 in feces or fecal pH (P > 0.05). Only one steer was positive for E. coli O157:H7 during the growing period, but during the finishing period, DFM-8 and DFM-12 reduced the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in feces (P < 0.05). Feeding DFMs also reduced the frequency of individual steers shedding E. coli O157:H7 during finishing (P < 0.05), with control steers shedding E. coli O157:H7 up to four times, whereas DFM-12 steers shed E. coli O157:H7 a maximum of twice. Treatment with DFMs influenced pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles; steers that were fed DFM-8 and DFM-12 shed more diverse subtypes of E. coli O157:H7 than did control or DFM-4 steers. Because a companion study found linear improvement in performance with increasing dosage of DFMs in the first 28 days of the growing period, targeted use of DFM-12 during this time and for the final 1 or 2 weeks prior to slaughter may optimize performance and reduce E. coli O157:H7 while minimizing feed costs.

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Potensi antibakteri dari susu fermentasi dengan starter Lactobacillus casei terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal Cerebellum ◽

10.26418/jc.v6i2.45301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Danu Purnomo ◽

Pratiwi Apridamayanti ◽

Rafika Sari

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

E Coli

Latar belakang: Susu fermentasi merupakan bahan pangan dari susu yang dibuat dengan fermentasi bakteri asam laktat. Bakteri asam laktat seperti Lactobacillus casei dalam susu fermentasi memiliki manfaat dalam kesehatan terutama mengatasi gangguan saluran pencernaan yang disebabkan oleh bakteri patogen seperti Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Bakteri patogen tersebut dapat dihambat dengan adanya senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan dari bakteri asam laktat yaitu bakteriosin yang memiliki efek antibakteri spektrum luas. Bakteriosin oleh Lactobacillus casei diproduksi optimum pada waktu 24 dan 48 jam sehingga perlu dilakukan perbandingan aktivitas antibakteri bakteriosin yang lebih optimal antara waktu fermentasi 24 jam dan 48 jam pada bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan menggunakan sampel supernatan bakteriosin yang dibuat dengan teknik sentrifugasi. Hasil: Aktivitas antibakteri bakteriosin pada waktu fermentasi 24 jam memiliki aktivitas yang lebih besar daripada waktu fermentasi 48 jam. Diameter zona bening aktivitas bakteriosin yang dihasilkan terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus pada waktu fermentasi 24 jam yaitu 8,45 mm dan 9,32 mm sedangkan dengan waktu fermentasi 48 jam yaitu 6,77 mm dan 7,82 mm. Kesimpulan: Aktivitas antibakteri bakteriosin pada susu fermentasi yang dihasilkan oleh Lactobacillus casei lebih optimum pada waktu fermentasi 24 jam terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus.

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Control of Intestinal E. coli Infection in Broiler Chicks Using Lactobacillus casei Isolated from Nono

Journal of World's Poultry Research ◽

10.36380/jwpr.2021.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 101-109

Author(s):

Onyeka Michael Ikele OM ◽

Ifeoma Maureen Ezeonu ◽

Chibuzo Nneka Umeh

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

E Coli

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Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 Inhibits the Ability of Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli Isolated from Crohn's Disease Patients To Adhere to and To Invade Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.6.2880-2887.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 2880-2887 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Isabelle Ingrassia ◽

Antony Leplingard ◽

Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud

Keyword(s):

Crohn’S Disease ◽

Crohn's Disease ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽

Probiotic Strain ◽

Intestinal Cells ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

E Coli

ABSTRACT Ileal lesions in 36.4% of patients with Crohn's disease are colonized by pathogenic adherent-invasive Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro inhibitory effects of the probiotic strain, Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001, on adhesion to and invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells by adherent-invasive E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients. The experiments were performed with undifferentiated Intestine-407 cells and with undifferentiated or differentiated Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Bacterial adhesion to and invasion of intestinal epithelial cells were assessed by counting CFU. The inhibitory effects of L. casei were determined after coincubation with adherent-invasive E. coli or after preincubation of intestinal cells with L. casei prior to infection with adherent-invasive E. coli. Inhibitory effects of L. casei on adherent-invasive E. coli adhesion to differentiated and undifferentiated intestinal epithelial cells reached 75% to 84% in coincubation and 43% to 62% in preincubation experiments, according to the cell lines used. Addition of L. casei culture supernatant to the incubation medium increased L. casei adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and enhanced the inhibitory effects of L. casei. The inhibitory effects on E. coli invasion paralleled those on adhesion. This effect was not due to a bactericidal effect on adherent-invasive E. coli or to a cytotoxic effect on epithelial intestinal cells. As Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 strongly inhibits interaction of adherent-invasive E. coli with intestinal epithelial cells, this finding suggests that the probiotic strain could be of therapeutic value in Crohn's disease.

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Detection of a lactobacillus substance that inhibits Escherichia coli

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m88-171 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 974-978 ◽

Cited By ~ 91

Author(s):

Jacqueline A. McGroarty ◽

Gregor Reid

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Molecular Weight ◽

Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Prevention Of Infection ◽

E Coli ◽

Bioactive Substance ◽

Uropathogenic Bacteria

Recent studies have shown that certain lactobacilli strains have the ability to interfere with the adherence and growth of uropathogenic bacteria. This interaction is believed to be important in the maintenance of a normal urogenital flora and in the prevention of infection in females. In the present study, Lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus acidophilus 76 were found to exert an inhibitory effect on pyelonephritogenic mutant Escherichia coli Hu 734 and E. coli ATCC 25922. The bioactivity of the inhibitor produced by strain GR-1 was retained under pH buffered conditions and was bactericidal. The bioactive substance was heat labile, not precipitated by up to 80% ammonium sulphate, and extractable in chloroform. The data indicated that the inhibitor is not lactic acid or hydrogen peroxide and has a molecular weight greater than 12 000 – 14 000. Human urine supported production of the inhibitor and reduced and delayed outgrowth of the E. coli. The ability of L. casei GR-1 and possibly other lactobacilli strains to produce inhibitors of uropathogenic bacteria may have clinical importance and significance in the microbial ecology of the urogenital tract.

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Isolation and characterization of promoters from the Lactobacillus casei temperate bacteriophage A2

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m97-151 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 43 (11) ◽

pp. 1063-1068 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pilar García ◽

Juan Evaristo Suárez ◽

Victoria Bascarán ◽

Ana Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Initiation Site ◽

Dna Fragments ◽

Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽

Consensus Sequences ◽

E Coli ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Promoter Probe ◽

Extension Analysis

Random Sau3AI DNA fragments from the temperate Lactobacillus bacteriophage A2 were cloned into the promoter-probe plasmid pGKV210. Seven DNA fragments with promoter activity were selected, after transformation of Escherichia coli and Lactococcus lactis, subsp. lactis, through the chloramphenicol resistance they conferred to the corresponding clones. The seven promoters were functional in Lactobacillus casei. Their strength was analysed by measuring the levels of chloramphenicol resistance and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity induced in each host. The nucleotide sequences of these fragments were determined and primer extension analysis was used to locate the initiation site of transcription from each promoter in E. coli. The promoters contained −10 and −35 regions similar to the consensus sequences of E. coli and Lactobacillus promoters.Key words: bacteriophage, Lactobacillus, promoter.

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Comparison in Gnotobiotic Pigs of Lesions Caused by Verotoxigenic and Non-verotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098588802500304 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 205-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

G. A. Hall ◽

N. Chanter ◽

A. P. Bland

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Intestinal Tissue ◽

E Coli ◽

Histological Sections ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Gnotobiotic Pigs

To compare the pathogenesis of calf and rabbit strains of E. coli. gnotobiotic pigs were infected with 1010 colony forming units (cfu) of verotoxigenic strain RDEC-1 or S102-9, or a non-verotoxigenic E. coli (X114/83). Pigs were killed 4 days later, and intestinal tissue was fixed and examined by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Strains S102-9 and RDEC-1 caused diarrhea, attached to enterocytes, and effaced microvilli, confirming that the calf and rabbit strains possessed similar mechanisms of pathogenicity. Non-verotoxigenic strain X114/83 did not cause diarrhea, but in 5/5 piglets it was detected in histological sections adherent to enterocyte surfaces. Exfoliated enterocytes were seen in 4/5. Bacteria attached to enterocytes by “cups” and “pedestals,” with effacement of microvilli, were seen by electron microscopy in 1/5 piglets. It was concluded that strain S102-9 appears to be an animal equivalent of human enterohemorrhagic E. coli. that verotoxin is not essential in the pathogenesis of attaching and effacing lesions, and that the lesions induced by S102-9 are more severe in gnotobiotic pigs than in gnotobiotic or conventional calves.

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Lactobacillus casei Zhang Counteracts Blood-Milk Barrier Disruption and Moderates the Inflammatory Response in Escherichia coli-Induced Mastitis

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.675492 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yuhui Zheng ◽

Gang Liu ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Yajing Wang ◽

Zhijun Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Tight Junction ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

Mammary Tissue ◽

Tight Junction Proteins ◽

E Coli ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Injury Models ◽

Junction Proteins

Escherichia coli is a common mastitis-causing pathogen that can disrupt the blood-milk barrier of mammals. Although Lactobacillus casei Zhang (LCZ) can alleviate mice mastitis, whether it has a prophylactic effect on E. coli-induced mastitis through intramammary infusion, as well as its underlying mechanism, remains unclear. In this study, E. coli-induced injury models of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) and mice in lactation were used to fill this research gap. In vitro tests of BMECs revealed that LCZ significantly inhibited the E. coli adhesion (p < 0.01); reduced the cell desmosome damage; increased the expression of the tight junction proteins claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1; p < 0.01); and decreased the expression of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 (p < 0.01), thereby increasing trans-epithelial electric resistance (p < 0.01) and attenuating the lactate dehydrogenase release induced by E. coli (p < 0.01). In vivo tests indicated that LCZ significantly reduced the injury and histological score of mice mammary tissues in E. coli-induced mastitis (p < 0.01) by significantly promoting the expression of the tight junction proteins claudin-3, occludin, and ZO-1 (p < 0.01), which ameliorated blood-milk barrier disruption, and decreasing the expression of the inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in mice mammary tissue (p < 0.01). Our study suggested that LCZ counteracted the disrupted blood-milk barrier and moderated the inflammatory response in E. coli-induced injury models, indicating that LCZ can ameliorate the injury of mammary tissue in mastitis.

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