scholarly journals The Project-ed Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
Béatrice Cointe
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Interdisciplinary Project ◽  
Research Communities

AbstractProjects have become crucial devices in the practice and governance of research. Drawing on the participant ethnography of a two-year interdisciplinary project on microbial bioenergy, this chapter inquires how projectification translates into collective research dynamics. It argues that to understand what projects are and how they affect research practices and communities, it is necessary to look beyond their influence on the organisation of research work. Seeking to delineate the project as a group, the chapter analyses three versions of the project-ed community: in documents, in institutional arrangements, and in daily research. This shows that projects cannot be reduced to temporary arenas of research. They are also argumentative devices that justify and display the excellence and relevance of specific scientific endeavours, as well as projection devices – they serve to imagine future research communities and to start building them. In that, projects are highly strategic entities that integrate scientific practices into coherent narratives to further the interests and ambitions of various parties; but they are also enmeshed in practical matters, because to build communities, researchers have to develop concrete repertoires that are materially embodied.

A Case Study: Analysis of Patents of Coronaviruses and Covid-19 for Technology Assesment and Future Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Musyuni ◽  
Geeta Aggarwal ◽  
Manju Nagpal ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Patent Literature ◽  
Patent Documents

Background: Protecting intellectual property rights are important and particularly pertinent for inventions which are an outcome of rigorous research and development. While the grant of patents is subject to establishing novelty and inventive step, it further indicates the technological development and helpful for researchers working in the same technical domain. The aim of the present research work is to map the existing work through analysis of patent literature, in the field of Coronaviruses (CoV), particularly COVID-19 (2019-nCoV). CoV is a large family of viruses known to cause illness in human and animals, particularly known for causing respiratory infections as evidenced in earlier times such as in MERS i.e. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome; SRS i.e. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. A recently identified novel-coronavirus has known as COVID-19 which has currently caused pandemic situation across the globe. Objective: To expand analysis of patents related to CoV and 2019-nCoV. Evaluation has been conducted by patenting trends of particular strains of identified CoV diseases by present legal status, main concerned countries via earliest priority years and its assignee types and inventors of identified relevant patents. We analyzed the global patent documents to check the scope of claims along with focuses and trends of the published patent documents for the entire CoV family including 2019- nCoV through the present landscape. Methods: To extract the results, Derwent Innovation database is used by a combination of different key-strings. Approximately 3800 patents were obtained and further scrutinized and analyzed. The present write-up also discusses the recent progress of patent applications in a period of the year 2010 to 2020 (present) along with the recent developments in India for the treatment options for CoV and 2019-nCoV. Results: Present analysis showed that key areas of the inventions have been focused on vaccines and diagnostic kits apart from the composition for treatment of CoV. We also observed that no specific vaccine treatments is available for treatment of 2019-nCov, however, developing novel chemical or biological drugs and kits for early diagnosis, prevention and disease management is the primarily governing topic among the patented inventions. The present study also indicates potential research opportunities for the future, particularly to combat 2019-nCoV. Conclusion: The present paper analyzes the existing patents in the field of Coronaviruses and 2019-nCoV and suggests a way forward for the effective contribution in this upcoming research area. From the trend analysis, it was observed an increase in filing of the overall trend of patent families for a period of 2010 to the current year. This multifaceted analysis of identified patent literature provides an understanding of the focuses on present ongoing research and grey area in terms of the trends of technological innovations in disease management in patients with CoV and 2019-nCoV. Further, the findings and outcome of the present study offer insights for the proposed research and innovation opportunities and provide actionable information in order to facilitate policymakers, academia, research driven institutes and also investors to make better decisions regarding programmed steps for research and development for the diagnosis, treatment and taking preventive measures for CoV and 2019-nCoV. The present article also emphasizes on the need for future development and the role of academia and collaboration with industry for speedy research with a rationale.

ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeta Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
And Performance

Employee’s perception regarding fairness in the organization is termed as organizational justice. The objective of this paper is to study the antecedents and consequences of organizational justice on the basis of earlier relevant studies from the period ranging from 1964 to 2015. Previous research identified employee participation, communication, justice climate as the antecedents and trust, job satisfaction, commitment, turnover intentions, organizational citizenship behavior and performance as the consequences of organizational justice. Finding reveals the gaps existing in the literature and gives suggestions for future research work.

scholarly journals Recommendation Systems for Education: Systematic Review

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1611
Author(s):  
María Cora Urdaneta-Ponte ◽  
Amaia Mendez-Zorrilla ◽  
Ibon Oleagordia-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Recommendation Systems ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Developmental Approach

Recommendation systems have emerged as a response to overload in terms of increased amounts of information online, which has become a problem for users regarding the time spent on their search and the amount of information retrieved by it. In the field of recommendation systems in education, the relevance of recommended educational resources will improve the student’s learning process, and hence the importance of being able to suitably and reliably ensure relevant, useful information. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the work undertaken on recommendation systems that support educational practices with a view to acquiring information related to the type of education and areas dealt with, the developmental approach used, and the elements recommended, as well as being able to detect any gaps in this area for future research work. A systematic review was carried out that included 98 articles from a total of 2937 found in main databases (IEEE, ACM, Scopus and WoS), about which it was able to be established that most are geared towards recommending educational resources for users of formal education, in which the main approaches used in recommendation systems are the collaborative approach, the content-based approach, and the hybrid approach, with a tendency to use machine learning in the last two years. Finally, possible future areas of research and development in this field are presented.

Regenerative flow pumps, blowers and compressors – A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 095765092110181
Author(s):  
M Sreekanth ◽  
R Sivakumar ◽  
M Sai Santosh Pavan Kumar ◽  
K Karunamurthy ◽  
MB Shyam Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Specific Speed ◽  
Regenerative Flow ◽  
Product Description

This paper presents a detailed and objective review of regenerative flow turbomachines, namely pumps, blowers and compressors. Several aspects of turbomachines like design and operating parameters, working principle, flow behaviour, performance parameters and analytical and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) related details have been reviewed and summarized. Experimental work has been put in perspective and the most useful results for optimized performance have been presented. Consolidated plots of specific speed-specific diameter have been plotted which can be helpful in the early stages of design. Industrial outlook involving details of suppliers from various parts of the world, their product description and applications too are included. Finally, future research work to be carried out to make these machines widespread is suggested. This review is targeted at designer engineers who would need quantitative data to work with.

A Comprehensive Survey of Neural Architecture Search

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Pengzhen Ren ◽  
Yun Xiao ◽  
Xiaojun Chang ◽  
Po-yao Huang ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Intuitive Idea ◽  
New Perspective

Deep learning has made substantial breakthroughs in many fields due to its powerful automatic representation capabilities. It has been proven that neural architecture design is crucial to the feature representation of data and the final performance. However, the design of the neural architecture heavily relies on the researchers’ prior knowledge and experience. And due to the limitations of humans’ inherent knowledge, it is difficult for people to jump out of their original thinking paradigm and design an optimal model. Therefore, an intuitive idea would be to reduce human intervention as much as possible and let the algorithm automatically design the neural architecture. Neural Architecture Search ( NAS ) is just such a revolutionary algorithm, and the related research work is complicated and rich. Therefore, a comprehensive and systematic survey on the NAS is essential. Previously related surveys have begun to classify existing work mainly based on the key components of NAS: search space, search strategy, and evaluation strategy. While this classification method is more intuitive, it is difficult for readers to grasp the challenges and the landmark work involved. Therefore, in this survey, we provide a new perspective: beginning with an overview of the characteristics of the earliest NAS algorithms, summarizing the problems in these early NAS algorithms, and then providing solutions for subsequent related research work. In addition, we conduct a detailed and comprehensive analysis, comparison, and summary of these works. Finally, we provide some possible future research directions.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of New Cases of Human Dirofilariosis (Dirofilaria repens) in Italy

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Simona Gabrielli ◽  
Valentina Mangano ◽  
Federica Furzi ◽  
Alessandra Oliva ◽  
Serena Vita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Human Dirofilariosis ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Etiological Agents

(1) Dirofilariosis is a vector-borne parasitic disease mainly in domestic and wild carnivores caused by Dirofilaria (Noctiella) repens, which is endemic in many countries of the Old World, and D. immitis, which has a worldwide distribution. In recent years, an increase in the number of human cases has been reported, suggesting that dirofilariosis is an emergent zoonosis. Here, we describe further cases (N = 8), observed in Central Italy during the years 2018–2019. (2) Molecular diagnosis was performed on: (i) live worms extracted from ocular conjunctiva, cheek, and calf muscle; (ii) histological sections of surgically removed nodules from parenchymal lung, coccyx, and breast. (3) Sequence analysis (650-bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (mtDNA cox1) showed a match of 100% with the sequences of D. repens previously deposited in GenBank. ELISA test to detect IgG against filarial antigens was performed on four patients’ sera and resulted positive in two patients who showed ocular and subcutaneous dirofilariosis, respectively. Microfilariae have been never detected in the peripheral blood of the patients. (4) The occurrence of N = 8 new cases of human D. repens-infections observed in a two-year period suggests an increased circulation of the parasite in Italy. Therefore, dirofilariosis should be included in differential diagnosis in patients presenting subcutaneous and/or pulmonary nodules. Molecular diagnosis of the etiological agents is fundamental. Specific serological diagnosis needs to be improved in future research work.

scholarly journals A Bibliometric Analysis of the Global Trend of Using Alginate, Gelatine, and Hydroxyapatite for Bone Tissue Regeneration Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saiful Firdaus Hussin ◽  
Aludin Mohd Serah ◽  
Khairul Azri Azlan ◽  
Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah ◽  
Maizlinda Izwana Idris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Starting Point

Collecting information from previous investigations and expressing it in a scientometrics study can be a priceless guide to getting a complete overview of a specific research area. The aim of this study is to explore the interrelated connection between alginate, gelatine, and hydroxyapatite within the scope of bone tissue and scaffold. A review of traditional literature with data mining procedures using bibliometric analyses was considered to identify the evolution of the selected research area between 2009 and 2019. Bibliometric methods and knowledge visualization technologies were implemented to investigate diverse publications based on the following indicators: year of publication, document type, language, country, institution, author, journal, keyword, and number of citations. An analysis using a bibliometric study found that 7446 papers were located with the keywords “bone tissue” and “scaffold”, and 1767 (alginate), 185 (gelatine), 5658 (hydroxyapatite) papers with those specific sub keywords. The number of publications that relate to “tissue engineering” and bone more than doubled between 2009 (1352) and 2019 (2839). China, the United States and India are the most productive countries, while Sichuan University and the Chinese Academy of Science from China are the most important institutions related to bone tissue scaffold. Materials Science and Engineering C is the most productive journal, followed by the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. This paper is a starting point, providing the first bibliometric analysis study of bone tissue and scaffold considering alginate, gelatine and hydroxyapatite. A bibliometric analysis would greatly assist in giving a scientific insight to support desired future research work, not only associated with bone tissue engineering applications. It is expected that the analysis of alginate, gelatine and hydroxyapatite in terms of 3D bioprinting, clinical outcomes, scaffold architecture, and the regenerative medicine approach will enhance the research into bone tissue engineering in the near future. Continued studies into these research fields are highly recommended.

scholarly journals Root excretion and plant tolerance to cadmium toxicity - a review

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dong ◽  
W.H. Mao ◽  
G.P. Zhang ◽  
F.B. Wu ◽  
Y. Cai
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Rhizosphere Environment ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium

Significant quantities of Cd have been added to soils globally due to various anthropogenic activities, posing a serious threat to safe food production and human health. Rhizosphere, as an important interface of soil and plant, plays a significant role in the agro-environmental system. This article presents a review of relationship between root excretion and microorganisms and plant resistance to Cd toxicity and possible mechanisms. Root exudates markedly altered in species and quantity under Cd stress. Root exudates can affect Cd absorption by plants through changing the physical and chemical characteristics of rhizospheres. The influence of root exudates on Cd bioavailability and toxicity may include modifying the rhizosphere pH and Eh, chelating/complexing and depositing with Cd ions, and altering the community construction, the numbers and activities of rhizospheric microbes. In this paper, the methods to reduce the transfer of Cd in soil-plant system by adjusting rhizosphere environment are discussed, and some aspects are also proposed that should be emphasized in the future research work.

Production of Bio Gas from Vegetable and Flowers Wastes Using Anaerobic Digestion

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Deepanraj ◽  
S. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
J. Ranjitha
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Pressure ◽  
Vegetable Wastes ◽  
Main Component

The present research paper describes about the anaerobic digestion of vegetable (Banana, Cauliflower, potato, and sweet potato) and flower wastes (Rose, sambangi, gulmohar, marigold, golden shower tree, silk tree mimosa) in a 1L capacity of anaerobic digestor using pig manure as an inoculums. The digester was operated in the ratio of 1:1 of substrate to inoculums at RT. The substrate concentrations are varied such as 5%, 7%, and 10% was used and amount of gas produced was analysed using digital pressure gauge. The results obtained showed that, marigold flower had given higher yield of biogas than vegetable wastes and the digestion period was less. The average biogas production potential of withered flowers was observed as 14.36 g/kg in 5 days, where in case of vegetable wastes it was 10.0234 g/kg in 6 days. The study showed that flowers which are available in abundant in India is thrown away within a day, in the environment. These feedstocks are good feed stock for the production of biogas. The generation of biogas from flowers and vegetable waste upholds the concept of waste to wealth in enhancing sustainability of development. The future research work is mainly focused on the characterization of the main component present in the bio-gas using sophisticated instruments.

Reflections on a Scholarly Career in Sport and Exercise Psychology: The Influence of Significant Others on the Psychosocial Well-Being of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Thelma S. Horn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The North ◽  
Senior Scholar ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
American Society

This paper is based on a Senior Scholar presentation delivered at the 2020 annual meeting of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity. The paper begins with a summary of the research work completed by the author and coinvestigators in regard to the influences that significant others (parents, peers, and coaches) exert on the psychosocial well-being of individuals in sport and physical activity. In each of these three areas, illustrative research studies are summarized in a predominantly chronological order with a commentary at the end of each section that identifies unanswered questions and suggests future research directions. In the second section, four particular lessons learned by the author over the course of a scholarly career are identified and explained.

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