Pruning Ensembles with Cost Constraints

2015 ◽  
pp. 503-512
Author(s):  
Bartosz Krawczyk ◽  
Michał Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Cost Constraints

Liver Transplantation in the Era of Cost Constraints

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEVIN E. ECKHOFF ◽  
BRENDAN M. McGUIRE ◽  
CARLTON YOUNG ◽  
MARTY T. SELLERS ◽  
JUAN L. CONTRERAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Cost Constraints

scholarly journals A Novel Comprehensive Scheme for Vehicle State Estimation Using Dual Extended H-Infinity Kalman Filter

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 1526
Author(s):  
Fengjiao Zhang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jingyu Hu ◽  
Guodong Yin ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Sideslip Angle ◽  
H Infinity ◽  
Yaw Rate ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
Active Safety Systems ◽  
Vehicle State Estimation

The performance of vehicle active safety systems relies on accurate vehicle state information. Estimation of vehicle state based on onboard sensors has been popular in research due to technical and cost constraints. Although many experts and scholars have made a lot of research efforts for vehicle state estimation, studies that simultaneously consider the effects of noise uncertainty and model parameter perturbation have rarely been reported. In this paper, a comprehensive scheme using dual Extended H-infinity Kalman Filter (EH∞KF) is proposed to estimate vehicle speed, yaw rate, and sideslip angle. A three-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model is first established. Based on the model, the first EH∞KF estimator is used to identify the mass of the vehicle. Simultaneously, the second EH∞KF estimator uses the result of the first estimator to predict the vehicle speed, yaw rate, and sideslip angle. Finally, simulation tests are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The test results indicate that the proposed method has higher estimation accuracy than the extended Kalman filter.

scholarly journals Where Are You Going, Nephrology? Considerations on Models of Care in an Evolving Discipline

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgina Piccoli ◽  
Conrad Breuer ◽  
Gianfranca Cabiddu ◽  
Angelo Testa ◽  
Christelle Jadeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Dialysis Treatment ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
Nephrology Care ◽  
Immunologic Diseases

Nephrology is a complex discipline, including care of kidney disease, dialysis, and transplantation. While in Europe, about 1:10 individuals is affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD), 1:1000 lives thanks to dialysis or transplantation, whose costs are as high as 2% of all the health care budget. Nephrology has important links with surgery, bioethics, cardiovascular and internal medicine, and is, not surprisingly, in a delicate balance between specialization and comprehensiveness, development and consolidation, cost constraints, and competition with internal medicine and other specialties. This paper proposes an interpretation of the different systems of nephrology care summarising the present choices into three not mutually exclusive main models (“scientific”, “pragmatic”, “holistic”, or “comprehensive”), and hypothesizing an “ideal-utopic” prevention-based fourth one. The so-called scientific model is built around kidney transplantation and care of glomerulonephritis and immunologic diseases, which probably pose the most important challenges in our discipline, but do not mirror the most common clinical problems. Conversely, the pragmatic one is built around dialysis (the most expensive and frequent mode of renal replacement therapy) and pre-dialysis treatment, focusing attention on the most common diseases, the holistic, or comprehensive, model comprehends both, and is integrated by several subspecialties, such as interventional nephrology, obstetric nephrology, and the ideal-utopic one is based upon prevention, and early care of common diseases. Each model has strength and weakness, which are commented to enhance discussion on the crucial issue of the philosophy of care behind its practical organization. Increased reflection and research on models of nephrology care is urgently needed if we wish to rise to the challenge of providing earlier and better care for older and more complex kidney patients with acute and chronic kidney diseases, with reduced budgets.

Use of a Secondary Task Methodology for Determining Acceptability of Flat-Panel Display Technologies in Consumer Environments

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-348
Author(s):  
Mark S. Hoffman ◽  
Martin L. Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Secondary Task ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Flat Panel Display ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
Ambient Lighting

Flat-panel displays are used in consumer environments for displaying information where limits on content, physical space, power, and cost constraints are critical. Applications have traditionally included Retail Point-of-Service (POS) terminals. Most common flat-panel display technologies found in the consumer markets are Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), Plasma, and Vacuum Fluorescent displays. Emitting displays, i.e., Vacuum Fluorescent, Plasma, and LEDs were introduced into the marketplace with few reservations as to their general acceptance since normal ambient lighting conditions other than direct sunlight had minimal impact on readability. However, reflective display technologies, i.e., LCDs have not been widely accepted in POS products because of slower response times and a more restrictive range of ambient light needed to achieve acceptable viewing conditions. Many techniques used for determining the acceptability of a display technology for the POS environment presently used in industry are solely based upon the physical and functional performance characteristics of the display itself. This approach is similar to those used for evaluating video displays in that the primary concern is the stability of the displayed output for the intended user environment. Often these evaluations are conducted in a laboratory and therefore do not compare display performances relative to the intended end user. Even though this approach is cost-effective because the physical attributes of the display can be tailored to maximize readability, it does not consider the effect of the displayed information beyond the properties of the human visual system. Therefore, it would be desirable to develop an experimental methodology for evaluating flat-panel display technologies based upon human information processing capabilities. This requires using the information in cognitive task loadings equivalent to those experienced in the user environment. Studies comparing LCDs and Plasma display technologies were designed to construct a cognitive-perceptual model for usability assessment in the retail POS environment. A secondary task methodology was used to predict mental workload associated with each display. A Choice Reaction Time (CRT) paradigm proved to be an effective method for exploring cognitive-behavioral problems associated with the displays beyond those considered in the traditional methods of display evaluation.

INVESTIGATION OF IMPEDIMENT FACTORS IN PROPERTY TAX REVALUATION PRACTICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azalina Yusnita Abd Rahman ◽  
Asma Senawi ◽  
Mohamad Haizam Mohamed Saraf ◽  
Siti Fairuz Che Pin
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
State Government ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Interview ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Cost Constraints

Property tax is a form of taxation payable by real estate owners on their holdings because of their ownership or possession of the property. In Malaysia, a property tax revaluation is done once every five years or within an extended period as determined by the state government. However, the Ministry of Housing and Local Government Malaysia has recorded that most local authorities have not revalued their property for almost 35 years. Thus, the researchers conducted a focus group interview to identify the impediments in a revaluation of property tax among local authorities. The participants consisted of forty-three (43) officers from twentytwo (22) local authorities in the West of Malaysia. Data from focus groups identified were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings from the focus group revealed four (4) main impediment factors, namely (1) lack of knowledge in property tax revaluation paperwork, (2) lack of workforce, (3) cost constraints, and (4) time-consuming.

On modulation coding for channels with cost constraints

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Y. Krachkovsky ◽  
Razmik Karabed ◽  
Shaohua Yang ◽  
Bruce A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Modulation Coding ◽  
Cost Constraints

scholarly journals Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Laju Reaksi Berbasis Inkuiri Terstruktur Kelas XI SMA

EduKimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Rosi Efliana ◽  
Minda Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Questionnaire Validation ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
D Model ◽  
Very High

Learner Worksheet (LKPD) of reaction rates based structured inquiry in class XI SMA had been dertemine validity and practicality. The type of research used is Research and Development (RD). The development model was a 4-D model consisting of 4 stages, namely (1) Define, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4) Desseminate. The disseminate stage was not carried out due to time and cost constraints. The research instrument used was a questionnaire validation and practicality questionnaire. The validation questionnaire was filled by 3 chemistry lecturers from FMIPA UNP and 2 chemistry teachers from SMAN 2 Lubuk Basung. Practicality questionnaire was filled by 2 chemistry teachers and 30 students of class XII MIPA 3 SMAN 2 Lubuk Basung. Data were analyzed using kappa moments. The average kappa moment of validity test was 0.87 with a very high validity category. The average kappa moment of teacher were 0,88 with a very high practicality category. The average kappa moment of student were 0,87 with a very high practicality category. Thus, it was concluded that reaction rates LKPD based on structured inquiry was valid and practice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of wild plants as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) accumulators for phytoremediation of contaminated rice fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuril Hidayati ◽  
Dwi Setyo Rini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Cost Constraints

Abstract. Hidayati N, Rini DS. 2020. Assessment of plants as lead and cadmium accumulators for phytoremediation of contaminated rice field. Biodiversitas 21: 1928-1934. Heavy metals contamination in agricultural land becoming a serious problem since this causes declining in agriculture production and quality and thus food safety. Meanwhile, conventional efforts for remediation of the contaminated agricultural lands have not been widely implemented due to high-cost constraints. A low-cost technology that can be applied in contaminated sites is phytoremediation. This technique is based on the fact that plants have the ability to extract and accumulate heavy metals. This research aimed to study the potentials of some plant species as accumulators for phytoremediation in rice fields contaminated by heavy metals of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Six selected accumulator plant species, namely Colocasia sp., Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees), Saccharum spontaneum L., and Acorus calamus L., were tested in in-situ field to identify the performance of the plants as accumulators for Pb and Cd. Parameters observed were plant growth and biomass production, and the accumulation of Pb and Cd in plants which is formulated as: bioconcentration factor (BCF) to indicate concentration ratio of metal in plant to soil, and translocation factor (TF) to indicate metal transportation ratio of shoot to root. The results showed that plants with the highest growth rate under contaminated conditions were E. crassipes, A. calamus, and H. amplexicaulis. The highest value of BCF for Pb accumulation was recorded in the shoot of H. amplexicaulis and E. crassipes and in the root of H. amplexicaulis and A. calamus, whereas the highest value of TF for Pb was observed in E. crassipes, S. spontaneum, and H. amplexicaulis. Meanwhile, the highest value of BCF for Cd in the shoot and in the root was observed in Colocasia sp and H. amplexicaulis whereas the highest value of TF for Cd was identified in A calamus and Colocasia sp. With regards to the performance of plant growth, biomass production, and accumulation of Pb and Cd, it is suggested that three plant species, namely E. crassipes, A. calamus, and H. amplexicaulis are considered as potential Pb and Cd accumulators for phytoremediation of contaminated rice fields. Our findings suggest that some plants can produce high biomass and absorb high contaminants while other plants cannot, implying that plants respond differently to different environmental conditions. Therefore continuous research is required to obtain the best plant species for phytoremediation.

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