Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms and Adaptation Strategies in Soybean (Glycine max) Under Phosphate Deficiency

2017 ◽  
pp. 219-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince Zogli ◽  
Lise Pingault ◽  
Marc Libault
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency

scholarly journals Quantitative Proteomics Reveals that GmENO2 Proteins Are Involved in Response to Phosphate Starvation in the Leaves of Glycine max L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 920
Author(s):  
Ling Cheng ◽  
Wanling Min ◽  
Man Li ◽  
Lili Zhou ◽  
Chuan-Chih Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Phosphate Starvation ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Plants

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a major crop providing important source for protein and oil for human life. Low phosphate (LP) availability is a critical limiting factor affecting soybean production. Soybean plants develop a series of strategies to adapt to phosphate (Pi) limitation condition. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for LP stress response remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a label-free quantification (LFQ) analysis of soybean leaves grown under low and high phosphate conditions. We identified 267 induced and 440 reduced differential proteins from phosphate-starved leaves. Almost a quarter of the LP decreased proteins are involved in translation processes, while the LP increased proteins are accumulated in chlorophyll biosynthetic and carbon metabolic processes. Among these induced proteins, an enolase protein, GmENO2a was found to be mostly induced protein. On the transcriptional level, GmENO2a and GmENO2b, but not GmENO2c or GmENO2d, were dramatically induced by phosphate starvation. Among 14 enolase genes, only GmENO2a and GmENO2b genes contain the P1BS motif in their promoter regions. Furthermore, GmENO2b was specifically induced in the GmPHR31 overexpressing soybean plants. Our findings provide molecular insights into how soybean plants tune basic carbon metabolic pathway to adapt to Pi deprivation through the ENO2 enzymes.

scholarly journals Mortierella elongata Increases Plant Biomass among Non-Leguminous Crop Species

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaile Zhang ◽  
Gregory Bonito ◽  
Chih-Ming Hsu ◽  
Khalid Hameed ◽  
Rytas Vilgalys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Leguminous Crop

Recent studies have shown that M. elongata (M. elongata) isolated from Populus field sites has a dual endophyte–saprotroph lifestyle and is able to promote the growth of Populus. However, little is known about the host fidelity of M. elongata and whether M. elongata strains differ from one another in their ability to promote plant growth. Here, we compared the impacts of three Populus-associated M. elongata isolates (PMI 77, PMI 93, and PMI 624) on the growth of seven different crop species by measuring plant height, plant dry biomass, and leaf area. M. elongata isolates PMI 624 and PMI 93 increased the plant height, leaf area, and plant dry weight of Citrullus lanatus, Zea mays, Solanum lycopersicum, and Cucurbita to a much greater degree than PMI 77 (33.9% to 14.1%). No significant impacts were observed for any isolate on the growth of Abelmoschus esculentus or Glycine max. On the contrary, Glycine max significantly decreased in height by 30.6% after the inoculation of M. elongata PMI 77. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that M. elongata generally promoted metrics of the plant performance among a diverse set of importantly non-leguminous crop species. Future research on understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie strain and host variability is warranted.

A genome-wide association study of hexanal content related to soymilk off-flavours in seed of soybean (Glycine max)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikun Wang ◽  
Gege Bao ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Mingming Yang ◽  
Xue Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Hexanal Content

Flavour is an essential quality characteristic of soymilk; however, it contains volatile compounds unacceptable to consumers. Hexanal is the most important flavour compound that gives a sensory beany, grassy flavour in the soymilk. An effective way to reduce hexanal content in soymilk is to screen for and utilise cultivars of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with lower hexanal content. The objective of the present study was to dissect the genetic basis of hexanal content in soybean seed by using genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), thereby providing guidance for the selection and breeding of soybean varieties with low hexanal content. We used 24651 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and screened seeds from 111 cultivated soybean accessions to identify quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) affecting hexanal content. We discovered 14 novel QTNs located on five different chromosomes that are significantly associated with hexanal content in soybean seed. Among these, 11 QTNs co-localised with quantitative trait loci previously found in linkage or association mapping studies related to protein, oil and/or fatty acid content in soybean seed. We also identified some candidate genes involved in amino acid metabolism, protein content, lipid metabolism and hormone metabolism. Six cultivars with low hexanal content were identified by screening. This is the first GWAS study on hexanal content in soybean seed, and a number of QTNs and candidate genes were identified. Some of these may be useful to breeders for the improvement of marker-assisted breeding efficiency for low hexanal content and may be useful for exploring possible molecular mechanisms underlying hexanal content in soybean seed.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Tungsten Toxicity Differ for Glycine max Depending on Nitrogen Regime

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Preiner ◽  
Stefanie Wienkoop ◽  
Wolfram Weckwerth ◽  
Eva Oburger
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Survey of Invertase Encoding Genes and Functional Characterization of an Extracellular Fungal Pathogen-Responsive Invertase in Glycine max

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Su ◽  
Mei Han ◽  
Jie Min ◽  
Peixian Chen ◽  
Yuxin Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Encoding Genes

Invertases are essential enzymes that irreversibly catalyze the cleavage of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) are glycosylated proteins and exert fundamental roles in plant growth as well as in response to environmental cues. As yet, comprehensive insight into invertase encoding genes are lacking in Glycine max. In the present study, the systematic survey of gene structures, coding regions, regulatory elements, conserved motifs, and phylogenies resulted in the identification of thirty–two putative invertase genes in soybean genome. Concomitantly, impacts on gene expression, enzyme activities, proteins, and soluble sugar accumulation were explored in specific tissues upon stress perturbation. In combination with the observation of subcellular compartmentation of the fluorescent fusion protein that indeed exported to apoplast, heterologous expression, and purification in using Pichia pastoris system revealed that GmCWI4 was a typical extracellular invertase. We postulated that GmCWI4 may play regulatory roles and be involved in pathogenic fungi defense. The experimental evaluation of physiological significance via phenotypic analysis of mutants under stress exposure has been initiated. Moreover, our paper provides theoretical basis for elucidating molecular mechanisms of invertase in association with inhibitors underlying the stress regime, and will contribute to the improvement of plant performance to a diverse range of stressors.

scholarly journals Underpinning wheat physiological and molecular responses to co-occurring iron and phosphate deficiency stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gazaldeep Kaur ◽  
Vishnu Shukla ◽  
Varsha Meena ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Jagtar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Aconitic Acid ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Combined Deficiency

ABSTRACTIron (Fe) and phosphate (P) are essential mineral nutrients for plant growth and development. While it is known that Fe and P pathways interacts within plants however, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating nutrient interaction during plant vegetative and reproductive stages remains largely unknown. Herein, we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of hexaploid wheat response to single P/Fe and combined Fe and P deficiency. Our data showed that wheat primary root growth was inhibited in response to –Fe, and remarkably rescued by co-occurring deficiencies of Fe and P. Transcriptome analysis revealed drastic and distinct molecular rearrangements to adapt the single and combined nutrient stress with dominance of Fe responsive cis-regulatory elements. Gene-based clustering and root-specific transcriptome expression analysis identify several important unique components induced in response to combined stress –Fe–P, including UDP-glycosyltransferases and cytochrome-P450 and glutathione metabolism. These data are consistent with our metabolome data, which further reveals specific metabolite accumulation in –Fe–P those include amino-isobutyric acid, arabinonic acid and aconitic acid. Finally, at reproductive stage alleviations of the negative effect of Fe was also observed in –Fe–P (i.e. spikelet development). Collectively, the data obtained is essential for designing new strategies to improve resilience of crops to cope with the limited nutrients in soils.HighlightHexaploid wheat showed distinct physiological and molecular changes during single and combined deficiency of iron and phosphate. Alleviations of the negative effect of - Fe was observed in –Fe–P combined deficiency in the root phenotype and spike development.

scholarly journals Greater morphological and primary metabolic adaptations in roots contribute to phosphate-deficiency tolerance in the bread wheat cultivar Kenong199

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zheng ◽  
Mohammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Yin-Gang Hu ◽  
Renfang Shen ◽  
Ping Lan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Pi Deficiency

Abstract Background Phosphate (Pi) deficiency severely affects crop growth and productivity, including wheat, therefore it is necessary to develop cultivars with enhanced Pi-deficiency tolerance. However, the underlying mechanism of Pi-deficiency tolerance in wheat is still elusive. Two contrasting wheat cultivars, low-Pi tolerant Kenong199 (KN199) and low-Pi sensitive Chinese Spring (CS) were used to reveal adaptations in response to Pi deficiency at the morphological, physiological, metabolic, and molecular levels. Results KN199 was more tolerant to Pi deficiency than CS with significantly increased root biomass and R/S ratio. Root traits, the total root length, total root surface area, and total root volume, were remarkably enhanced by Pi deficiency in KN199. The shoot total P and soluble Pi concentrations of KN199 were significantly higher than those of CS, but not in roots. In KN199, high Pi level in shoots is a higher priority than that in roots under Pi deficiency. It was probably due to differentially regulation in the miR399-mediated signaling network between the shoots of the two cultivars. The Pi deficiency-induced root architecture adaptation in KN199 was attributed to the regulation of the hormone-mediated signaling (ethylene, gibberellin, and jasmonates). The expression of genes associated with root development and Pi uptake was enhanced in KN199. Some primary metabolites (amino acids and organic acids) were significantly accumulated in roots of KN199 under Pi deficiency. Conclusions The low-Pi tolerant wheat cultivar KN199 possessed greater morphological and primary metabolic adaptations in roots than CS under Pi deficiency. The adaption and the underlying molecular mechanisms in wheat provide a better understanding of the Pi-deficiency tolerance and the strategies for improving Pi efficiency in wheat.

Genome-wide association mapping and candidate gene analysis for seed shape in soybean (Glycine max)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zhao ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Xiaoyue Zhao ◽  
Jinyang Wang ◽  
Zhiyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

Seed shape (SS) of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important morphological trait that significantly affects the quality of marketable seed. Study of the genetic architecture of SS is important and basic to soybean molecular breeding. In the present study, a natural soybean population of 202 diverse accessions mainly from China was used to analyse the genetic basis of SS via genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), which was based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) generated by specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing method. In total, 27335 SNPs were finally identified with minor allele frequencies >5%. By using GWAS, 14 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were identified to be associated with seed length, 13 with seed width and 21 with seed thickness in four tested environments. Among these QTNs, 21 QTNs overlapped or were located in the linked genomic regions of the reported quantitative trait loci related to SS or seed weight; and the other 27 QTNs were novel loci for SS. Ten QTNs showed environmental stability and were detected under at least two environments. In total, 83 genes were predicted in the 200-kbp flanking region of six stable QTNs that could be detected under >three environments. Gene-based association analysis was performed by using 38 accessions of diverse SS; 778 SNPs were found in the 83 genes based on 38 accessions, and 270 SNPs from 41 genes were found significantly associated with SS. Twenty-eight genes were environmentally stable and/or pleiotropic in controlling two or more SS-related traits at the same time. The identified loci along with the candidate genes could be of great value for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying SS and improving the potential seed yield of soybean.

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