The Modern Era: Growing Health in the Face of Unemployment and War

By October, we will have learned a great deal about responding to an epidemic or pandemic that has proved to have a level of transmission unprecedented in the modern era. The possible and likely responses include many unknowns. Coordinated and collaborative implementation has been complicated by conflicting information from multiple governments and organizations in several languages. What will we learn about how the United States can improve its ability to respond? How do we develop consistent and accurate warnings and messaging to the public in order to increase compliance regarding a new, and not well understood, epidemic? What factors increase or decrease compliance? How are US education policymakers deciding about face-to-face instruction? How have physicians and hospitals adapted their workflows in the face of uncertainty and supply chain inconsistencies? This panel will include a warnings expert, an expert on education law and policy, and two physicians.

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Oral Traditions as Sources

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.363 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stephen Belcher

Keyword(s):

Oral Tradition ◽

Essential Element ◽

Oral Traditions ◽

African History ◽

The Face ◽

Traditional Societies ◽

Modern Era ◽

African Intellectuals ◽

Oral Information ◽

Creative Endeavor

The use of oral tradition is a distinctive and essential element in many fields of African studies. History must acknowledge it; literature sees it as the medium for much of the indigenous creative endeavor across African cultures; anthropology and its cousin disciplines rely upon oral information for their understanding of traditional societies. An appreciation of the value of the oral tradition as a source across disciplines involves two efforts: first, a survey of the reported oral tradition as available and documented in past periods, and second, a review of the principles and practices involved in the collection, analysis, and presentation of the oral tradition. The paucity of written records has been grounds for dismissal of the notion of African history—most notoriously in the case of Hegel, who in ignorance wrote off the home of the human species—and more recently a cause of pride among African intellectuals who have asserted the value of the oral tradition in the face of skepticism rooted in prejudice and too often in overt racism. An appreciation of the value of the oral tradition threads its path between extremes and occasional controversy. The era of the smartphone has made the documentation (and creation) of oral tradition almost too easy. Past generations made do in different ways. Their reports should not be dismissed, but studied; they are the available background to information collected in the modern era. Accurate collection and critical analysis are the essential tools for the understanding of oral tradition.

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Illness, Threat and Systems of Authority in Dunhuang

Inner Asia ◽

10.1163/146481705793647035 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 5-46

Author(s):

Lewis Mayo

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

The Body ◽

Late 20Th Century ◽

The Public ◽

Organisational Form ◽

Political Forces ◽

The Face ◽

Administrative Structures ◽

Modern Era ◽

Administrative Problem

AbstractThis paper analyses the relationships between illness and structures of authority in the oasis of Dunhuang in the late 20th century and during the time of the Guiyijun regime which ruled the area as an independent warlord state from the middle of the 9th to the beginning of the 11th century. Both the medieval and the modern systems for dealing with illness in Dunhuang are analysed here as part of a larger problem of threat as an inherent element in any order of authority. In this paper, illness is taken as a political and administrative problem, both in the sense that political forces are mobilised around it and in the sense that political and administrative structures give illness an organisational form. Guiyijun systems of storage and structures of governance in the political and familial realms are understood as the reference point for the strategies deployed in the face of illness ‘events’ and as explanatory frameworks closely linked to accounts of dysfunction in the internal order of the body. The late 20th century order of disease management in Dunhuang forms a counterpart to these medieval structures, despite the major differences in the forms for responding to and attacking illness in the oasis in the public health regimes of the modern era and in the medical and ceremonial practices used a millennium before.

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A language for all the world

Language Teaching ◽

10.1017/s0261444811000565 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 365-381

Author(s):

John Edwards

Keyword(s):

Natural Language ◽

Scientific Development ◽

Regular Variety ◽

Garden Of Eden ◽

Artificial Languages ◽

Linguistic History ◽

The World ◽

The Face ◽

Modern Era ◽

Scientific Classification

In the popular mind, constructing a language has always been seen as an odd activity, one that seems to fly in the face of ‘natural’ language dynamics. It is, nonetheless, a very old activity, and attention to its various stages is an important part of the study of linguistic history – and, indeed, of modern scientific development. The first stage involves attempts (highly speculative, of course) to recapture the original lingua humana, as spoken in the Garden of Eden. At a later stage, scholars tried to create entire languages ab ovo, motivated by the desire for a more logical and regular variety that would better reflect and channel scientific classification. Later still – and on into the modern era – ‘artificial’ languages have been assembled from pre-existing rules and components. At all stages, the work has been underpinned by hopes for a more practical medium, but there have also been expectations that a language that was both regular and widely shared would contribute to international harmony and understanding.

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RELIGIOUS FOUNDATION IN GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING

International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) ◽

10.47006/ijierm.v1i1.15 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 51-62

Author(s):

Alfin Siregar

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Science And Religion ◽

Guidance And Counseling ◽

Eastern Culture ◽

The Face ◽

Changing Times ◽

The Times ◽

Modern Era ◽

Religious Understanding

This paper aims to illustrate the important value of religion in humanlife in the Modern era. However, internalization of religious understanding canonly be disseminated through education (counseling guidance). Furthermore,many Indonesians embrace eastern culture, so that the implementation ofcounseling guidance at the educational level should have considered theReligion side in the face of changing times. This paper uses a library researchapproach, where data is obtained and collected from literature studies. Analysisof the data in this paper requires the author's important role in interpreting thedata. The findings resulted that religion became a basic milestone in educationalservices (counseling guidance). Science and Religion must be balanced, so thatreligion can be a guide for someone to act, so does Science become a drivingforce in sustaining the progress of the times.

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EPISTEMOLOGI PEMIKIRAN ISLAM ‘ABED AL-JABIRI DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PEMIKIRAN KEISLAMAN

Islam Realitas Journal of Islamic & Social Studies ◽

10.30983/islam_realitas.v3i1.211 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Nurfitriani Hayati

Keyword(s):

Critical Analysis ◽

Research Method ◽

The Past ◽

Library Research ◽

Religious Issue ◽

The Face ◽

Modern Era

Religious issue that appearing in Arab society and how they give attention to their tradition or Turâts has making them overly glorify the glories of the part and become retarded in the face of modernity. So the Issue has motivated Al-Jabiri to offered his idea. He pin down critically from what we call or reputed by “reference” and “how to refer to”. Abed al-Jabiri is one of Muslim philosopher and become one of the leading Islamic Arab thinker about tradition relevance in the modern era. He describe that today what we need is combination between “critical of the past era” in order to avoid from history manipulation and “critical today” in order to disappear the identity confirmation and the apology within confront every west concept or idea. Therefore, to find out more his epistemology concept about Islam thought also his thought implication for Islam, this paper examine al-Jabiri thought by critical analysis with library research method. The result of this paper make the point that in reviewing and critiquing a tradition, Al-Jabiri use of "historicity" (tarikhiyyah), "objectivity" (madlu'iyyah), and "continuity" (istimrariyah) to approach the tradition or Turâts. The approach of "Historicity" and "objectivity" itself are both in the sense of separation between the reader and the reading object (fasl al-qari’ ‘an al-maqru), while the "continuity" means connecting the reader to the reading object (washl al-qari ‘an al-maqru). Persoalan keagamaan yang muncul di tengah masyarakat Arab dan bagaimana mereka menyikapi tradisi atau yang disebut sebagai Turâts menunjukkan sikap yang terlalu mengagungkan kejayaan masa lalu dalam menghadapi modernitas. Hal tersebut yang kemudian mendorong al-Jabiri untuk memasarkan gagasan-gagasan yang dimilikinya. Ia menawarkan suatu ajakan untuk dapat memikirkan secara kritis apa yang dianggap sebagai “rujukan” dan “cara merujuk”-nya. ‘Abed al-Jabiri adalah seorang filsuf Muslim dan menjadi salah satu pemikir Arab Islam yang terkemuka terkait dengan pemikirannya akan sebuah relevansi tradisi di zaman yang penuh dengan kemajuan (modernitas). Ia menjelaskan bahwa apa yang dibutuhkan saat ini adalah suatu kombinasi antara “kritik atas masa lalu” agar terhindar dari manipulasi sejarah untuk kepentingan sekarang, dan adanya “kritik masa kini” agar tidak muncul upaya penegasan identitas dan apologi dalam berhadapan dengan konsep-konsep Barat yang dianggap asing. Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran al-Jabiri dengan analisis kritis dan menggunakan metode kajian pustaka dalam membahas perjalanan intelektual ‘Abed al-Jabiri, serta konsep epistemologi pemikiran dan implikasinya bagi pemikiran keislaman. Adapun hasil dari analisa tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk meninjau ulang dan mengkritisi sebuah tradisi, Al-Jabiri menggunakan pendekatan “historisitas” (tarikhiyyah), “objektivitas” (madlu’iyyah), dan “kontinuitas” (istimrariyah) dalam menyikapi tradisi atau Turâts. Pendekatan “historisitas” dan “objektivitas” itu sendiri sama-sama dalam arti pemisahan antara sang pembaca dan objek bacaanya (fasl al-qari’ ‘an al-maqru), sedangkan “kontinuitas” berarti menghubungkan sang pembaca dengan objek bacaannya (washl al-qari ‘an al-maqru)

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‘Have ye nat seyn somtyme a pale face?’

Contemporary Chaucer across the centuries ◽

10.7228/manchester/9781526129154.003.0006 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 74-90

Author(s):

Stephanie Downes

Keyword(s):

Modern Reader ◽

Emotional Display ◽

The Face ◽

Cultural Expressions ◽

Modern Era

The face is a vital site of embodied emotional display. By examining descriptions of facial pallor in a range of Chaucer’s works, Downes explores the poet’s representation of the face as an affective text, which launches an interpretative challenge to both the medieval and the modern reader of fiction, as well as deepening our understanding of cultural expressions of feeling in the pre-modern era.

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Challenging humanist leadership: Toward an embodied, ethical, and effective neo-humanist, enlightenment approach

Leadership ◽

10.1177/1742715021993641 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 174271502199364

Author(s):

David Knights

Keyword(s):

Industrial Revolution ◽

18Th Century ◽

Command And Control ◽

Early Medieval ◽

Community Institutions ◽

The Face ◽

Embodied Practice ◽

And Control ◽

Modern Era

It can be argued that a humanistic enlightenment approach to leadership emerged as a counter to the historical prevalence of totalitarian elitism where leaders were often autocratic and authoritarian, demanding obedience through command and control. Although beginning with the ancient Greeks, this kind of leadership has continued through classical periods from early medieval times up until the industrial revolution, and also into our modern era. Since the 18th century, philosophies of enlightened humanism have been the face of leadership thinking if not always what might be seen as its embodied practice. Beneath the surface, there lurks a controlling and demanding imposition of self-discipline that can be seen as equally if not more, repressive than the elitism it replaces. This article is concerned to challenge such repression by developing a neo-humanist enlightenment approach to leadership and its development. It departs from those studies that reflect and thereby reproduce individualized preoccupations with, and attachments to, identity on the part of leaders and the so-called followers. The focus, instead, is on an embodied leadership that encourages an ethical engagement with the community, institutions, organizations, and society.

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Islam Today in Modern West: Fazlur Rahman’s and Tariq Ramadan’s Views on Jihad

ULUMUNA ◽

10.20414/ujis.v23i1.289 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 71-89

Author(s):

Chusnul Chotimah Bimbo

Keyword(s):

Social Economic ◽

Western Society ◽

The West ◽

Political Issues ◽

The Public ◽

The Social ◽

The Us ◽

The Face ◽

The Public Sphere ◽

Modern Era

This paper discusses the issues of radicalism that have reappeared in the public sphere nowadays. The discussion will focus on the interpretation of Jihad by Fazlur Rahman and Tariq Ramadan. They are among two modern reformers whose ideas heavily focus on the social, economic and political issues about Muslims in the West. This paper will discuss the thoughts of these two figures about jihad spread across their various writings. As a contemporary reformist Muslim leader, Rahman and Ramadan had made many interpretations of the Qur'an by adapting to the social context of society when the interpretation was made, namely Western society. Their Qur'anic interpretations and their thoughts-whether directly or indirectly-reflect on the circumstances and challenges that Muslims encounter in the West, Europe and the US, today. This paper contributes to the discussion of the meaning of jihad and various attempts at interpretation of the term. Besides, this paper will at least provide an overview of how the face of Islam in the West in the modern era as it is today.

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Paradigm of Historical Science: Dealing with the Modern Juggernaut through across Time in Education and Government

10.20944/preprints202106.0334.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Safin Karunia Rojuli ◽

Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin

Keyword(s):

21St Century ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Continuous Change ◽

Journal Articles ◽

Historical Science ◽

Theory Of Structuration ◽

The Face ◽

Technological Developments ◽

Modern Era

In this modern era, continuous change is the first step in forming a new structure between theory and practice. The idea of a juggernaut is very relevant to the theory of structuration with current conditions in the 21st century, where technology becomes a reference that can crush anyone who is not responsive to its power. This technology takes one path and takes many roles from various fields: economic, social, political, legal, and educational. This 21st century is marked by great momentum for changes in human behavior and civilization, namely the industrial revolution 4.0 and the arrival of Covid-19, which have changed many social structures and human activities. This makes history a means of connecting the problems in the 21st century with past events. By using a descriptive qualitative method, this paper will reveal how technological developments are very influential on educational and political developments and what are the challenges faced based on historical perspective?. In this case, the study aims to discuss the history and challenges of Indonesia's education system and government system in the 21st century and give a solution. The data used are from 2 books, 14 journal articles, and 4 websites with a span of 2019-2021. The research results are expected to be used as a further study in the face of the development of the modern era in the fields of education and government. This study also has limitations, namely only on the face of the development of the modern era in the fields of education and government.

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