Roma Children and Social Exclusion in Lithuania: Sociological Approach to Human Development

2010 ◽  
pp. 189-201
Author(s):  
Tadas Leončikas ◽  
Vida Beresneviciute
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Sociological Approach

Fighting Income Inequality in Nigeria and Social Exclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 170-181
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Sub Saharan

The chapter examines the income inequality and social exclusion in Nigeria. The gap between the haves and have-nots has become an issue of concern in Nigeria. This chapter, therefore, seeks to examine a methodical approach for measuring inequality in Nigeria; Nigeria's ranking in human development index (between 1990 and 2017); trends in inequality, poverty, unemployment, and life expectancy from 1980 to 2017; and the income inequality in Nigeria relative to other Sub-Saharan African countries along with sex disaggregated HDI relative to other Sub-Saharan African countries and the implications to social policy reforms.

Ist die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung „prekär“? – Theoretische Anregungen für die Teilhabeforschung in Deutschland

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-411
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schrauth
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Soziale Lage ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Menschen Mit Behinderung

Zusammenfassung: Die Prekarisierungstheorie ist ein soziologischer Erklärungsansatz zur Genese sozialer Exklusion in modernen Lohnarbeitsgesellschaften und beschreibt die soziale Ausgrenzung als dynamischen und graduellen Prozess. Entscheidend für die Einbindung des Individuums in die Gesellschaft ist die soziale Positionierung auf den Inte­grations­achsen der Erwerbs­arbeit und des sozialen Lebensumfeldes. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Erklärungs­muster der Prekarisierungstheorie auf das Forschungsfeld der Teilhabe­forschung übertragen und auf die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung in Deutschland bezogen. Darüber hinaus werden Grenzen der Übertragbarkeit aufgezeigt und Bezugs­punkte für die empirische Teilhabeforschung hergestellt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die inhaltlichen Grundlagen für die Untersuchung der in verschiedenen Gesellschaftsbereichen oftmals eingeschränkten Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung zu erweitern. Abstract: The social situation of persons with disabilities in the perspective of the theory on precariousness – new ideas for the participatory research in Germany The theory on precariousness is a sociological approach to describe the occurrence of social exclusion in modern industrialized societies. It captures the phenomenon of social exclusion as a dynamic and gradual process. Accordingly, integration into society depends above all on the individuals’ social positioning in the societal areas of employment and one’s social environment. In this article, the explanatory approach will be adapted to the field of participatory research and the social situation of persons with disabilities. Moreover, limitations of the transfer are outlined and reference points for the empirical investigation in the field of participatory research are established. This contribution aims to broaden the theoretical foundation for empirically oriented research of the often limited participation of persons with disabilities in society.

scholarly journals Strategies to combat poverty and their interface with health promotion

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (spe) ◽  
pp. 867-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Helena dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Maria Adelane Alves Monteiro ◽  
Maria do Socorro Vieira Lopes ◽  
Daniele Mary Silva de Brito ◽  
Neiva Francenely Cunha Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Concept

The population impoverishment is a social reality whose overcoming is necessary so that we can think about health as a positive concept. This study proposes a reflection on the coping strategies adopted by the Conjunto Palmeira, a Brazilian community in the Northeast, and their interface with health promotion. This community's reality is an example of overcoming social exclusion for different regions of Brazil and other countries. The history of the Conjunto and the collective strategies of empowerment for coping with poverty and search for human development are initially presented. After that, we establish the relationship of those strategies with the action fields for health promotion. Finally, we consider that the mutual responsibility of the community with its health and its relationship with the environment in which they live are means of promoting transformation towards the conquest of a worthy social space.

scholarly journals From Interpsychological to Intrapsychological: Developing Students’ Agency

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
J. Meireles ◽  
R.S.L. Guzzo
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Face

This paper starts from the contradictions that permeate the Latin American democratic context to dis¬cuss how psychology can contribute to expanding students' agency in public schools located in vulnerable contexts marked by poverty and social exclusion. The contributions of Cultural-Historical Psychology and German Critical Psychology are articulated to substantiate the importance of building participatory spaces for human development. The authors were inserted in a public school from the year 2015 to the year 2017, holding class assemblies with primary school students. The content discussed in these meetings was re¬corded in field diaries, from which three narratives were selected for analysis. The first narrative deals with a discussion of physical education activities; the second presents a student sharing his suffering in the face of bullying as he cries in class; the third reports a discussion about the theft of a pencil. It is concluded that guided by critical perspective, psychology can contribute to the strengthening of subjects, collaborating to the expansion of their agency.

Ist die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung „prekär“? – Theoretische Anregungen für die Teilhabeforschung in Deutschland

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-411
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schrauth
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Soziale Lage ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Menschen Mit Behinderung

Zusammenfassung: Die Prekarisierungstheorie ist ein soziologischer Erklärungsansatz zur Genese sozialer Exklusion in modernen Lohnarbeitsgesellschaften und beschreibt die soziale Ausgrenzung als dynamischen und graduellen Prozess. Entscheidend für die Einbindung des Individuums in die Gesellschaft ist die soziale Positionierung auf den Inte­grations­achsen der Erwerbs­arbeit und des sozialen Lebensumfeldes. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Erklärungs­muster der Prekarisierungstheorie auf das Forschungsfeld der Teilhabe­forschung übertragen und auf die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung in Deutschland bezogen. Darüber hinaus werden Grenzen der Übertragbarkeit aufgezeigt und Bezugs­punkte für die empirische Teilhabeforschung hergestellt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die inhaltlichen Grundlagen für die Untersuchung der in verschiedenen Gesellschaftsbereichen oftmals eingeschränkten Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung zu erweitern. Abstract: The social situation of persons with disabilities in the perspective of the theory on precariousness – new ideas for the participatory research in Germany The theory on precariousness is a sociological approach to describe the occurrence of social exclusion in modern industrialized societies. It captures the phenomenon of social exclusion as a dynamic and gradual process. Accordingly, integration into society depends above all on the individuals’ social positioning in the societal areas of employment and one’s social environment. In this article, the explanatory approach will be adapted to the field of participatory research and the social situation of persons with disabilities. Moreover, limitations of the transfer are outlined and reference points for the empirical investigation in the field of participatory research are established. This contribution aims to broaden the theoretical foundation for empirically oriented research of the often limited participation of persons with disabilities in society.

scholarly journals Spatially Determined Risks for Human Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
T. M. KALAHSNYKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Diffi Cult ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
Development Risks ◽  
The Individual

Th e purpose of this article is to study the spatial determinants of human development and the content of the concept of spatially determined risk for human development. Th e s cientifi c novelty of research is to determine the objects, subjects, results of spatial deterministic risk of human development. For the fi rst time, the essence of the defi nition of a spatially determined risk to human development is proposed and revealed. Th is further allows us to form a theoretical and methodological basis for assessing the risks involved. Th e article explores the territorial and spatial features of the process of human development by studying the factors that shape and determine it, basing on the author‘s concept of the “space for human development”. It is determined that the spatial determinants of human development include four groups of factors, which are the features of physical space, economic and social environment, conditions of daily life of the population. Th e distinctive spatial determinants carry both the opportunities for human development and the threats. Under certain conditions, they are transformed into human development risks and anti-risks as factors of the resilience and counteraction to risks. Generalizing the threats for human development, four classes of threats are identifi ed. Th ey include: inequality (income inequality, the unequal access to benefi ts, education, housing, etc.); uneven placement (hyper urbanization, hyper polarization, the uneven placement of infrastructure or recreational areas, etc); remoteness; inaccessibility. Separate territories can theoretically suff er from all of the above threats. Also, basing on the individual spatial characteristics of the respective territories and the presence of vulnerable populations, such threats may be leveled or amplifi ed. Th is will reduce or increase the probability of human development risks. Th e author distinguishes the main classes of risks for human development, which are: social exclusion, health risks, life risks. Th e author formulates own defi nition of a spatially determined risk for human development as an objectively existing probability of the social exclusion, violation of health of a certain severity or deprivation of life for the population of a certain territory (or certain individuals), which is connected with the action of spatially localized threats caused by income inequality and unequal access to social benefi ts, uneven accommodation, remoteness and diffi cult access to places of residence, work, infrastructure, including social and transport.

scholarly journals A study about families of children and teenagers who were victims of violence and faced judicial intervention

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Mendes de Souza Teixeira Roque ◽  
Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani
Keyword(s):  
Family Violence ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Ecological Context ◽  
Judicial Intervention ◽  
Victims Of Violence

The goal of this study was to track the steps of families that committed some kind of violence against their children and faced judicial intervention, as well as to explore their perceptions about the events involving such intervention; to quantify and assess the lawsuits, during the period from 2000 to 2005, characterizing situations of family violence and re-victimization. The study was theoretically based on the ecological context of human development. The methodology employed was quantitative-qualitative. The tools used were: analysis of the proceedings, filling out census maps, elaboration of genogram and ecomap. The analysis was based on dialectic hermeneutics. The results showed that there were 1766 lawsuits at the court, 8.21% of which were linked to family violence. Three empirical categories came up: I didn't have, which portrays a kind of childhood where negation was a constructive element of interactions, perversely engendered in the economic, political and institutional universes; It doesn't help and it won't change anything showed a Judicial System that did not understand society and its conflicts, and In the street, featuring everyday routines of social exclusion.

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