Ist die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung „prekär“? – Theoretische Anregungen für die Teilhabeforschung in Deutschland

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-411
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schrauth
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Soziale Lage ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Menschen Mit Behinderung

Zusammenfassung: Die Prekarisierungstheorie ist ein soziologischer Erklärungsansatz zur Genese sozialer Exklusion in modernen Lohnarbeitsgesellschaften und beschreibt die soziale Ausgrenzung als dynamischen und graduellen Prozess. Entscheidend für die Einbindung des Individuums in die Gesellschaft ist die soziale Positionierung auf den Inte­grations­achsen der Erwerbs­arbeit und des sozialen Lebensumfeldes. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Erklärungs­muster der Prekarisierungstheorie auf das Forschungsfeld der Teilhabe­forschung übertragen und auf die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung in Deutschland bezogen. Darüber hinaus werden Grenzen der Übertragbarkeit aufgezeigt und Bezugs­punkte für die empirische Teilhabeforschung hergestellt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die inhaltlichen Grundlagen für die Untersuchung der in verschiedenen Gesellschaftsbereichen oftmals eingeschränkten Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung zu erweitern. Abstract: The social situation of persons with disabilities in the perspective of the theory on precariousness – new ideas for the participatory research in Germany The theory on precariousness is a sociological approach to describe the occurrence of social exclusion in modern industrialized societies. It captures the phenomenon of social exclusion as a dynamic and gradual process. Accordingly, integration into society depends above all on the individuals’ social positioning in the societal areas of employment and one’s social environment. In this article, the explanatory approach will be adapted to the field of participatory research and the social situation of persons with disabilities. Moreover, limitations of the transfer are outlined and reference points for the empirical investigation in the field of participatory research are established. This contribution aims to broaden the theoretical foundation for empirically oriented research of the often limited participation of persons with disabilities in society.

Ist die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung „prekär“? – Theoretische Anregungen für die Teilhabeforschung in Deutschland

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-411
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schrauth
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Soziale Lage ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Menschen Mit Behinderung

Zusammenfassung: Die Prekarisierungstheorie ist ein soziologischer Erklärungsansatz zur Genese sozialer Exklusion in modernen Lohnarbeitsgesellschaften und beschreibt die soziale Ausgrenzung als dynamischen und graduellen Prozess. Entscheidend für die Einbindung des Individuums in die Gesellschaft ist die soziale Positionierung auf den Inte­grations­achsen der Erwerbs­arbeit und des sozialen Lebensumfeldes. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Erklärungs­muster der Prekarisierungstheorie auf das Forschungsfeld der Teilhabe­forschung übertragen und auf die soziale Lage der Menschen mit Behinderung in Deutschland bezogen. Darüber hinaus werden Grenzen der Übertragbarkeit aufgezeigt und Bezugs­punkte für die empirische Teilhabeforschung hergestellt. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die inhaltlichen Grundlagen für die Untersuchung der in verschiedenen Gesellschaftsbereichen oftmals eingeschränkten Teilhabe von Menschen mit Behinderung zu erweitern. Abstract: The social situation of persons with disabilities in the perspective of the theory on precariousness – new ideas for the participatory research in Germany The theory on precariousness is a sociological approach to describe the occurrence of social exclusion in modern industrialized societies. It captures the phenomenon of social exclusion as a dynamic and gradual process. Accordingly, integration into society depends above all on the individuals’ social positioning in the societal areas of employment and one’s social environment. In this article, the explanatory approach will be adapted to the field of participatory research and the social situation of persons with disabilities. Moreover, limitations of the transfer are outlined and reference points for the empirical investigation in the field of participatory research are established. This contribution aims to broaden the theoretical foundation for empirically oriented research of the often limited participation of persons with disabilities in society.

(The Social Situation of the Disabled in the Russian Federation, Subject to the Provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Georgievna Ragozina ◽  
Dmitriy M. Rogozin ◽  
Sergey Anatol'evitch Vasin ◽  
Alexandra Burdyak ◽  
Alla Tyndik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Russian Federation

Availability of public theaters for persons with disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mazurek
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Theaters ◽  
Symbolic Interactions

Accessibility is a prerequisite for participation in social life. The possibilities of a person with disability and environmental barriers determine the level of accessibility in various areas of cultural life. The degree of infrastructure adaptations and less visible symbolic interactions have a significant impact on the possibility of social participation and access to cultural artifacts by people from groups at risk of social exclusion. Theater is an area of art, an inseparable element of which is a meeting, and thus openness to what is different, conditions for establishing dialogue and performative interaction. In the Polish theater of recent years, the context of disability is more and more often perceived as a subject of artistic creation. The article discusses institutional theaters constituting significant culture-forming centers in individual regions and taking part in international festivals. The formal infrastructural availability of theatrical spaces to the needs of people with disabilities and the adaptation of the cultural offer to perceptive capabilities of people with different disabilities were analyzed. Other activities related to the social phenomenon of disability were also indicated, if it was possible.

scholarly journals Social exclusion of people with severe mental illness in Switzerland: results from the Swiss Health Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Richter ◽  
H. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Swiss Health Survey ◽  
Swiss Health ◽  
The Social

Aims.People with severe mental illness (SMI) have a high risk of living socially excluded from the mainstream society. Policy initiatives and health systems aim to improve the social situation of people who suffer from mental health disabilities. The aim of this study was to explore the extent of social exclusion (employment and income, social network and social activities, health problems) of people with SMI in Switzerland.Methods.Data from the Swiss Health Survey 2012 were used to compare the social exclusion magnitude of people with SMI with those suffering from severe physical illness, common mental illness and the general population.Results.With the exception of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, we found a gradient of social exclusion that showed people with SMI to be more excluded than the comparison groups. Loneliness and poverty were widespread among people with SMI. Logistic regression analyses on each individual exclusion indicator revealed that people with SMI and people with severe physical illness were similarly excluded on many indicators, whereas people with common mental illness and the general population were much more socially included.Conclusions.In contrast to political and health system goals, many people with SMI suffer from social exclusion. Social policy and clinical support should increase the efforts to counter exclusionary trends, especially in terms of loneliness and poverty.

scholarly journals THE SOCIAL EXCLUSION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES FROM TERTIARY EDUCATION – TARGETING BARRIERS DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF DISABILITY BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF A QUALITATIVE STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 015
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nikolajević
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Specific Barriers ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Education Process

In this paper, we primarily dealt with the low representation of persons with disabilities in the tertiary education system and targeted specific barriers that keep people with disabilities outside the tertiary education process. The mentioned problem was approached from the perspective of social exclusion and one of the main tasks of the conducted research was to gain insight into the types of barriers that affect persons with different types of disabilities depending on their student status (they did not enroll at a university, they discontinued their studies, they are currently studying, they have completed their studies). The results were gained by conducting in-depth interviews covering all the mentioned categories of persons with disabilities. The results of the research point to the existence of numerous obstacles that people with disabilities face in the process of acquiring tertiary education. It has turned out that the surveyed persons with disabilities face insurmountable obstacles in the form of architectural, institutional and social barriers, depending on the type of disability and their social environment.

scholarly journals Demographic growth and social exclusion in the “peripheral capitals” of the Amazon

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Marcelo Staevie
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Governmental Intervention ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Porto Velho ◽  
Demographic Growth

The present article has as main objective to argue the process of demographic growth in the “peripheral capitals” of the Amazonia and its relation with some social indicators. Through the presentation of some indicators on these cities, we intend to demonstrate their socio-economic situation and the necessity of governmental intervention in the combat to the problems reflected in the indicators. Using basically the data presented for Pochmann and Amorim (2004), we search to namely present the social situation of the cities that for the moment we call peripheral capitals of the Amazon: Boa Vista, Macapá, Rio Branco and Porto Velho.

scholarly journals Analysing the Definition of Disability in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: is it really based on a 'Social Model' approach?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (23) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kazou
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Model ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of

This article challenges the generally accepted view that the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006 (CRPD) is based on the ‘social model of disability’. The ‘social model’ understands disability as a social situation, and particularly a form of social oppression imposed on people with impairments, which is caused by social and environmental barriers that exclude them from participating in society and which is entirely distinguished from their individual impairment. The article argues that the definition of disability in the CRPD is closer to the definition provided in WHO’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The ICF understands disability as the multi-dimensional and interactive experience of a wide range of difficulties in functioning; in particular, these difficulties include impairments, limitations in performing activities and restrictions in participating in life situations, and arise out of the complex interaction between health conditions, personal factors and barriers in the physical and social environment. Associating the CRPD with the ICF rather than the ‘social model’ might have positive implications for its implementation, as it can avoid the criticism faced by the ‘social model’ for its limitations, especially for considering impairment as being entirely irrelevant to the experience of disability, and therefore governments and policy makers might be less sceptical towards the CRPD and more willing to engage with it. At the same time, the valuable insights of the ‘social model’ regarding the disabling effect of social and environmental barriers can be retained, as the ICF recognises this too, but without ignoring the relevance of impairment to the experience of disability or minimising the health needs of persons with disabilities.

scholarly journals Social Dimensions of Roma Marginalization

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Oneț
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Families With Children

The paper aims to analyze aspects of Roma marginalization, by identifying and assessing the dimensions of social needs within a compact Roma community, located in a marginalized urban area. The effects of the economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic increase inequalities regarding the economic and social situation. The major challenge is to reduce the risk of poverty, especially among families with children, people with disabilities and chronic diseases, but also the social exclusion of people at social risk, based on accurate measurements of social phenomena. The community profile indicates the social status of the inhabitants, which provides a picture of the degree of marginalization and social exclusion of Roma. Thus, the study was conducted by constructing a questionnaire as a research tool, which summarizes the results of the activity of information collection and processing, both based on statistical methods and percentage analysis. The problems faced by marginalized Roma communities are low participation in education, early school leaving, difficult transition to tertiary education, lack of adult skills, low skills among vulnerable people in the labor market, low access to services, poor health and housing. Measures for early detection of situations of social risk and intervention lead to positive effects in preventing marginalization and social exclusion.

scholarly journals MULTI-CRITERIA APPROACH IN EVALUATING CONTRIBUTION OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF SOCIALLY-EXCLUDED GROUPS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1885-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Džunić ◽  
Jelena Stanković ◽  
Vesna Janković-Milić
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
The Impact

The paper explores the potential impact of social enterprises on social exclusion. In particular, the role of social enterprises in labour market integration of socially excluded individuals is analysed within the existing theoretical and policy discourses of exclusion. Taking into account the difficulties in measuring the social impact of social enterprises, our study contributes to the quantitative literature on the performance of social enterprises, taking the number of integrated people as a measure of the impact on social exclusion. The research is based on data on the employment of marginalized groups, derived from a unique dataset collected by a recently conducted survey of social enterprises in Serbia. The original methodological framework combines statistical methods and multi-criteria decision making model, in order to evaluate the contribution of different types of enterprises to the employment of excluded individuals. Weights determination for the MCDM model is performed using entropy while TOPSIS method is applied for the ranking of the types of social enterprises according to the employment of socially excluded categories. The results indicate that enterprises for employment of persons with disabilities, citizens’ associations and cooperatives in Serbia contribute the most in integrating the socially excluded.

МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Марина Орап
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Verbal Response ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Interpersonal Situations

У  статті  висвітлено  методологічні  та  практичні  засади  вивчення  онтогенезу  соціального  інтелекту. Складність вивчення даного соціально-психологічного феномену пов’язана із дотичністю його  до багатьох явищ, які описують умови успішності соціальної взаємодії особистості. Проаналізовано наявні  теоретичні   підходи   до   визначення   змісту   та   структури  соціального  інтелекту,   до   взаємозв’язку  останнього  з  іншими  видами  інтелекту.  Визначено,  що  дослідження  соціального  інтелекту  молодших  школярів слід здійснювати на основі розуміння останнього як здатності, що виникає на базі комплексу  інтелектуальних,   особистісних,   комунікативних   і   поведінкових   рис,   що   зумовлюють   прогнозування  розвитку  міжособистісних  ситуацій,  інтерпретацію  інформації  і  поведінки,  готовність  до  соціальної  взаємодії і прийняття рішень. Здійснене пілотажне емпіричне дослідження прогностичних можливостей  дітей  молодшого  шкільного  віку  продемонструвало  наявні  позитивні  кореляційні  зв’язки  між  рівнем  розвитку здатності до передбачення найбільш адекватного сценарію розвитку подій у соціальній ситуації  та рівнем розвитку мовленнєвого досвіду. Найбільш тісний взаємозв’язок виявлено між рівнем розвитку  здатності  передбачати  адекватну  вербальну  відповідь  у  ситуації  комунікації  та  рівнем  розвитку  мовленнєвої компетентності та мовленнєвої діяльності дітей молодшого шкільного віку. Таким чином,  були зроблені попередні висновки про наявність взаємозв’язку між мовленнєвим досвідом та прогностичним  можливостями у складі соціального інтелекту дитини молодшого шкільного віку The  article  outlines  the  methodological  and  practical  principles  of  studying  the  ontogenesis  of  social  intelligence. The complexity of studying this socio-psychological phenomenon is associated with its attractiveness to  many  phenomena  that  describe  the  conditions  for  the  successful  social  interaction.  The  existing  theoretical  approaches to the definition of the content and structure of social intelligence, to the interrelationship of it with  other types of intelligence are analyzed. It is determined that research of social intelligence of junior pupils should  be carried out on the basis of the understanding of this kind of intelligencer as an ability that based on a complex of  intellectual, personal, communicative and behavioral features. This complex predetermines the forecasting of the  development  of  interpersonal  situations,  the  interpretation  of  information  and  behavior,  readiness  for  social  interaction  and  decision-making.  The  research  of  the  prognostic  possibilities  of  primary  school  children  demonstrated the positive correlation between the level of development of the ability to predict the most adequate  scenario of the development of events in the social situation and the level of development of speech experience. The  closest relationship is found between the level of development of the ability to provide an adequate verbal response  in the context of communication and the level of development of speech competence and speech activity of children  of junior school age. Thus, was done a conclusion about the existence of a relationship between speech experience  and prognostic possibilities in the social intellect of a child of junior school age.   

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