Soil Survey Instruction of Urban, Commercial and Industrial Sites — Fundamentals of Investigation Assessment and Reclamation of Contaminated Soils

1990 ◽  
pp. 559-560
Author(s):  
W. Burghardt ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Industrial Sites

Établissement d'une méthode de caractérisation minéralogique décrivant les sols contaminés par le plomb

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josée Duchesne ◽  
Guy Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Extraction Of Metals ◽  
Selection Of

Many metal-contaminated soils originate in old abandoned industrial sites. One of the problems encountered in the reclamation of soils lies in the selection of the decontamination techniques. Few data are available to predict the efficiency of the extraction of metals from the contaminated soils. Moreover, a signifiant part of the contamination is often found as particles. These can be extracted from the soils by means of mineralurgical separation techniques. A trial and error procedure is often used for selecting the technique and the procedure parameters. The purpose of this study is to develop a method of mineralogical characterization for the identification and localisation of the metal contamination so as to allow a more enlightened choice of the mineralurgical treatments. Besides the identification of the contaminant particles, the method takes into account the distribution of contaminants, which can be found on the surface of the particles or included within the volume of the particle, the average proportion and the size of the contaminants in the contaminated particles, and the association of the iron oxide contaminant. The frequency of appearance of the particles depending on the different categories of the method guides the choice of the treatment technologies to be used so as to optimize the extraction of contaminant particles.Key words: metals, contamination, soils, lead, mineralurgical techniques, mineralogy.[Journal translation]

scholarly journals ПОЧВЫ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПЛОЩАДОК И ИХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕМУТАЦИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ САХАРНЫХ ЗАВОДОВ)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ю.Г. Тютюнник ◽  
Л.М. Губарь ◽  
Н.А. Пашкевич ◽  
И.В. Гончаренко
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Genetic Horizon ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Sugar Mills

Industrial technogenesis is considered as an independent soil-forming process resulting in a special type of soils, i.e. industrial soils. Their diagnostic horizon is the genetic horizon FR formed by substances and objects involved in the production cycle and industrial construction. The soil cover of the territories of factories, industrial complexes, mines, power plants, and industrial zones in general is represented by the dominant industrial soils, as well as by other types of altered/man-made soils. In general, industrial soils cannot be regarded as a sort of urban and chemically contaminated soils as it follows from the presented examples of technogenic soil-forming substrates and industrial sites of sugar mills in Ukraine. It is shown that, when the effect of technogenesis is removed or attenuated, the processes of juvenile soil formation and ecological demutation develop on technogenic substrates and industrial sites of sugar mills. The leading natural components of such industrial demutation are sod and humus formation and gley and dealluvial processes. Specific technogenic demutation processes include squeeze-humus formation, elemental sulfur oxidation, lime quenching, etc. During about 100 years of dealluvial inwashing processes in demutating industrial grounds of abandoned sugar mills there may be formed humus horizons of an up to 50 cm capacity, which leads to the formation of young chernozem soils on industrial grounds. Soil-forming substrates and soils of abandoned sugar mills are avidly occupied by vegetation, which forms communities referred to Artemisietea vulgaris, Robinietea and Sisymbrietea classes.

scholarly journals Research of Heavy Metals on the Agricultural Land in Bajgora Region, Kosovo

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mensur Kelmendi ◽  
Milaim Sadiku ◽  
Sadija Kadriu ◽  
Florent Dobroshi ◽  
Liridona Igrishta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
World Class ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Abstract For the first time, a survey about agricultural land focusing on the partitioning of the Pb, Cd, and Zn to the rural part of Mitrovica in northern Kosovo was made. Kosovo’s Mitrovica is one of the main industrial sites in the former Yugoslavia and a world-class mining district in Europe. The process of obtaining metals dates since 1927. From this year until 2000, the technological process of acquisition/obtaining has been accompanied by environmental pollution by creating waste landfills. These landfills are located on the outskirts of the city of Mitrovica at a distance from 1 to 4 km. In this area high levels of heavy metals in air, water, and earth were noticed. Therefore, these metal residues have a particular impact on air, earth, water, and effects on plants, animals and humans health. This situation became alarming; therefore in 2000 the production process was discontinued. During the period from 2000 to the present day, there is noticed a change of nature. Residents of the area have begun to work on agricultural lands without realizing the potential risk coming up. Despite the stagnation of industrial production, environmental pollution continues even further, especially from the landfill generated by industrial wastes. Widespread and very visible contamination mainly from Pb, Zn, Cd were found on the ground, with the highest concentrations measured near the Zveçan smelter. A significant amount of Cd, Pb, and Zn in contaminated soils/ground was quite movable/changeable, suggesting that these elements may be readily available for plants and soil/ground organisms. The main objective of this work is to address this pollution and take measures for education and information.

scholarly journals Trace metals in Montreal urban soils and the leaves of Taraxacum officinale

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Marr ◽  
Helen Fyles ◽  
William Hendershot
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Soil Metal

Uptake of Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, and Cd by Taraxacum officinale Weber (dandelion) growing on abandoned industrial sites, community gardens and parks in urban Montreal was measured to evaluate trace metal bioavailability. Total soil trace metal concentrations exceeded the Canadian remediation levels only in the industrial sites, but tissue concentrations at all land use types were normal. Multiple regression analysis suggests that available PO4 may reduce uptake of Cu and Zn. It is evident that sites classified as contaminated on the basis of total soil metal may have low levels of bioavailability. Key words: Trace metals, urban contaminated soils, dandelion

scholarly journals Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) by Mineral-Based Amendments: Remediation of Contaminated Soils in Post-Industrial Sites

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Radziemska ◽  
Agnieszka Bęś ◽  
Zygmunt M. Gusiatin ◽  
Grzegorz Majewski ◽  
Zbigniew Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Yellow Lupine ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Leaf Greenness ◽  
Greenness Index

In many post-industrial sites, the high contents and high mobility of different potentially toxic elements (PTEs) make the soils unsuitable for effective management and use. Therefore, immobilization of PTE seems to be the best remediation option for such areas. In the present study, soil samples were collected in post-industrial areas in Northeastern Poland. The analyzed soil was characterized by especially high contents of Cd (22 mg·kg−1), Pb (13 540 mg·kg−1), and Zn (8433 mg·kg−1). Yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) and two types of mineral-based amendments were used to determine their combined remediation effect on PTE immobilization. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of chalcedonite and halloysite on plant growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence, the leaf greenness index (SPAD), PTE uptake, and the physicochemical properties and toxicity of soil. The application of chalcedonite resulted in the greatest increase in soil pH, whereas halloysite contributed to the greatest reduction in the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr in soil, compared with the control treatment. The addition of halloysite significantly increased plant biomass. The application of mineral-based amendments increased the ratio of variable fluorescence to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in yellow lupine leaves. The leaf greenness index was highest in plants growing in soil amended with chalcedonite. The results of this study suggest that mineral-based amendments combined with yellow lupine could potentially be used for aided phytostabilization of multi-PTE contaminated soil in a post-industrial area.

scholarly journals The using pilotless vehicle pictures for urban ecosystem soil-vegetable cover ecological condition estimating

2014 ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
I. N. Gorokhova ◽  
T. I. Borisochkina ◽  
E. A. Shishkonakova
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Soil Status ◽  
New Moscow

A soil-environmental analysis of the urbanized ecosystem represented by the key site “Kurilovo” in New Moscow has been made using the images obtained by pilotless air-craft and modern GIS-technologies. In the course of this study the decoding of remote materials and field soil survey were conducted to describe the vegetation and soils; the geochemical analysis of soil samples was made with the aim at compiling an electronic ecological map of the area under study. These studies allowed us to specify the boundaries of the key area, to evaluate the vegetation and soil status in forests, residential and industrial areas as well as to identify the areas covered by contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Combining geostatistics and physically-based simulations to characterize contaminated soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Le Coz ◽  
Léa Pannecoucke ◽  
Xavier Freulon ◽  
Charlotte Cazala ◽  
Chantal de Fouquet
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Numerical Code ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Geostatistical Estimation ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Geological Units

<p>Characterization of contamination in soils resulting from nuclear or industrial activities is a crucial issue for site remediation. A classical approach consists in delineating the contaminated zones based on a geostatistical estimation calibrated from measured activities, but it results in high uncertainties when the number of measurements is low and/or the spatial variability of the studied variable is governed by complex processes. In order to reduce these uncertainties, a novel approach, called Kriging with Numerical Variogram (KNV), is developed: the variogram is computed from a set of physically-based flow-and-transport simulations rather than from the measurements.</p><p>The KNV approach is assessed on a two-dimensional synthetic reference test case reproducing the migration of a tritium plume within an unsaturated soil with hydraulic properties highly variable in space. The results show that the mean absolute error in estimated activities is 50% to 75% lower with KNV compared to classical geostatistical approaches, depending on the sampling scenario. Moreover, KNV leads to a significant reduction of the empirical error standard deviation, which reflects uncertainties on the estimated activities. The performance of KNV regarding the classification into contaminated or not-contaminated zones is yet sensitive to the contamination threshold.</p><p>The KNV approach could thus help to better estimate volumes of soils to be decontaminated in the context of remediation of nuclear or industrial sites. This approach can be transposed to other scales of heterogeneities, such as systems with several geological units, or other pollutants with a more complex chemical behavior, as soon as a numerical code that simulates the phenomenon under study is available.</p><p><em>This study is part of Kri-Terres project, supported by the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency (Andra) under the “Investments for the Future” national program.</em></p>

scholarly journals Remediation of contaminated soils: experience from two sites in Sweden

2019 ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
Lars Bevmo ◽  
Peter Englöv
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Remediation Measures ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Park Area

Experience from remediation of two old abandoned industrial sites is reviewed. One case is a tannery site where sludge lagoons and a solid waste dump have been covered by clay and turned into a park area. The other case is a wood preservation plant where arsenic polluted soil has been cleaned by washing before the site will be open to public for sport activities and recreation. The main contaminants, the reasons for chosen remediation measures and experience from the remediation works are presented.

Sequential Soil Flushing for Remediation of Complex Contaminated Soils: A Pilot-Scale Test

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 704-707
Author(s):  
Kim Gillan ◽  
Sung Mi Yun ◽  
Han Seung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Heavy Petroleum ◽  
Soil Flushing ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Soil Complex

In this study, an efficient soil flushing process was developed for the remediation of soil complex contaminated with heavy petroleum oils (HPOs) and heavy metals. In most cases, remediation of contaminated soil is carried out after all industrial activity is suspended and removal of facilities. Therefore, in-situ remediation becomes more favored over ex-situ technologies albeit relatively long remediation periods are needed. In particular, soil flushing has been employed as an efficient in-situ technology most frequently in many railroad and industrial sites still in business. The objective of this study was to develop an in-situ soil flushing method using horizontal injection/suction channels. A pilot-scale box reactor (1 m × 0.6 m × 0.7 m) was employed to evaluate desorption of complex contaminants from complex contaminated soils by flushing agents. Since HPOs and heavy metals can be removed by different mechanisms, various flushing agents were required for the treatment of HPOs and heavy metals. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and citric acid were selected and injected sequentially as flushing agents for HPOs and heavy metals, respectively. Soils complex contaminated with HPOs, Zn, and Pb were collected from a railroad site, Seoul, Korea, and they were packed into the pilot-scaled reactor. Two horizontal channels were installed: injection channel was placed 10 cm below the top of soil surface and suction channel was placed 10 cm above the bottom of the reactor. Flushing agents were injected at a flow rate of 3.86 mL/min for 1 month. After flushing, soil samples were collected separately from various points of the reactor (divided into 5 vertical layers and 15 horizontal sections), and then each soil sample was analyzed for the soil flushing efficiency. The initial concentrations of HPOs, Zn and Pb were 4685.5±374.4 mg/kg, 204.9±60 mg/kg, and 139.8 mg/kg (n = 3). After soil flushing, the concentrations were decreased to 1448.4±166.7 mg/kg, 143.4 mg/kg, and 99.5 mg/kg (total removal rates = 69%, 30% and 28.9%, for HPOs, Zn, and Pb, respectively). Hence, it was confirmed in this pilot-scale study that sequential soil flushing by combination of flushing agents was effective for soils complex contaminated with HPOs and heavy metals. These results must be useful for field-scale application of soil flushing remediation for the complex contaminated soils.

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