scholarly journals Research of Heavy Metals on the Agricultural Land in Bajgora Region, Kosovo

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mensur Kelmendi ◽  
Milaim Sadiku ◽  
Sadija Kadriu ◽  
Florent Dobroshi ◽  
Liridona Igrishta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
World Class ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Abstract For the first time, a survey about agricultural land focusing on the partitioning of the Pb, Cd, and Zn to the rural part of Mitrovica in northern Kosovo was made. Kosovo’s Mitrovica is one of the main industrial sites in the former Yugoslavia and a world-class mining district in Europe. The process of obtaining metals dates since 1927. From this year until 2000, the technological process of acquisition/obtaining has been accompanied by environmental pollution by creating waste landfills. These landfills are located on the outskirts of the city of Mitrovica at a distance from 1 to 4 km. In this area high levels of heavy metals in air, water, and earth were noticed. Therefore, these metal residues have a particular impact on air, earth, water, and effects on plants, animals and humans health. This situation became alarming; therefore in 2000 the production process was discontinued. During the period from 2000 to the present day, there is noticed a change of nature. Residents of the area have begun to work on agricultural lands without realizing the potential risk coming up. Despite the stagnation of industrial production, environmental pollution continues even further, especially from the landfill generated by industrial wastes. Widespread and very visible contamination mainly from Pb, Zn, Cd were found on the ground, with the highest concentrations measured near the Zveçan smelter. A significant amount of Cd, Pb, and Zn in contaminated soils/ground was quite movable/changeable, suggesting that these elements may be readily available for plants and soil/ground organisms. The main objective of this work is to address this pollution and take measures for education and information.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Concentration in Contaminated Soils from Southern Part of Romania

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana FLORESCU ◽  
Andreea IORDACHE ◽  
Claudia SANDRU ◽  
Elena HORJ ◽  
Roxana IONETE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Contamination Of Soils

As a result of accidental spills or leaks, industrial wastes may enter in soil and in streams. Some of the contaminants may not be completely removed by treatment processes; therefore, they could become a problem for these sources. The use of synthetic products (e.g. pesticides, paints, batteries, industrial waste, and land application of industrial or domestic sludge) can result in heavy metal contamination of soils.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Sewage Treated Effluents: Pollution and Microbial Bioremediation from Arid Regions

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma K. Al-Musharafi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Essential Metals ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Sewage Effluents ◽  
Microbial Bioremediation

Not all heavy metals are toxic. Some at lower concentrations are essential to the physiological status of the organism. Under certain conditions, induced toxicity occurs when the heavy metals are in the form of cations which tends to bind to certain biomolecules, thus becoming toxic to organisms. In many industries, toxic heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn, are released mainly in sewage effluents causing major environmental pollution. Several of the heavy metal contaminations resulted from industrial wastes, along with the mining and burning of fossil fuels, leading to water and soil contamination which causes serious health problems. Rapid population growth plus a steady increase in agriculture and industry are the main cause of environmental pollution. The most common sources of heavy metals are fuel combustion, mining, metallurgical industries, corrosion and waste disposal which infiltrates the soil and underground water. When present at certain levels in the human, metals can cause certain diseases. Most of conventional technologies are inefficient to remove heavy metal contaminants. Microbial bioremediation is a potential method for the removal of heavy metal pollution in sewage effluents before being discharged into the environment. However, further research is needed for isolation and identification of microbes resistant to heavy metals. Industrial regulatory standards must be established to regulate the spread of non-essential metals in the environment. The regulations must be rigidly enforced. The rest of the essential metals must also be regulated since an increase over the physiological limit can also be harmful.

GERMAN MILITARY PLAN OF KUIBYSHEV (SAMARA) CITY AS THE OBJECT OF STUDY OF ITS URBAN DEVELOPMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Irina A. KOTENKO
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
City Plan ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
The Web

The article views the first time appeared on the Web German military plan of Kuibyshev (Samara) city of 1942. This plan is of interest for studying the historical and building development of the city in pre-war and wartime. The article provides information about the organization of military cartography and topography in Germany, about the kinds of special cards and military-geographic documents and their purpose. The military-geographical city plans were the special maps. The author examines the cartographic features of schematic military-geographical city plan: sources for plan; executive stamp; scale; economic and geographical description (general legend) and the legend of points of interest; list of undetected important urban objects and symbols. The author concludes that the military plan cartography of 1942 is more accurate for prewar city. However, information about important military and industrial sites are detailed and relevant to the war. The study and comparison of the German and Soviet city plans and maps contribute to better knowledge of urban development of period under review.

scholarly journals Особливості біоакумуляції важких металів деревною рослинністю в зоні локальної дії Черкаської теплоелектроцентралі (на прикладі м. Черкаси)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 953-960
Author(s):  
N.M. Kornelyuk ◽  
O.M. Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Bioindicator Species ◽  
Accumulation Coefficient ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
The City

<p>Woody plants are able not only to absorb metals of anthropogenic origin, but also to deposit their significant quantities in wood, leaves, and thereby temporarily remove them from the cycle of substances of urban ecosystems. The paper compares the content of heavy metals – Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in the leaves of the bioindicator species <em>Pоpulus рyramidalis</em> Roz and their mobile forms in soils collected from 6 test locations from various functional zones of the Southern industrial district of the City of the Cherkassy. Soil-geochemical associations of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd content in the investigated locations indicate that the main source of Zn, Cu is the emissions of of the Cherkassy thermal power plant, and Pb, Cd – of urban transport. According to the total accumulation in the leaves of <em>P. pyramidalis</em>. The heavy metals are located as follows: Pb&gt; Cd&gt; Cu&gt; Zn. It was established that the content of mobile forms of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in the soils of the experimental sites was several times higher than background values, and the coefficient of biological accumulation in the leaves fluctuated in insignificant limits. According to the results of indicators of the accumulation coefficient, the leaves of <em>P. pyramidalis</em> have low bioavailability in Cu and Zn, and the availability of Pb and Cd approaches the average. The obtained data can be used for the creation and reconstruction of green plantings of urban transport highways, sanitary protection zones of industrial sites of enterprises, recreational areas, squares.</p>

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SOILS IN THE NEPEINO SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE LANDFILL AREA (DMITROVSKY MUNICIPAL DISTRICT)

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
E.A. Starostin ◽  
I.A. Kirpichev ◽  
O.A. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste Landfill ◽  
Solid Municipal Waste ◽  
First Time ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

The work presents the results of the study of soil pollution in the area of the solid municipal waste landfill «Nepeino». According to the results of the study carried out for the first time within this territory, for the presence of heavy metals in soils, it was found that the concentrations of pollutants are extremely low and do not exceed MPC, and the calculated index ZC (Total Pollution Index) indicates the presence of non-contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Heavy Metals Contamination from Environment to Food Matrix by TXRF: The Case of Rice and Rice Husk

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabjola Bilo ◽  
Marco Lodolo ◽  
Laura Borgese ◽  
Alberto Bosio ◽  
Laura Benassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Elemental Chemical Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Established Technique

This paper is devoted to the chemical analysis of contaminated soils of India and the rice grown in the same area. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is a well-established technique for elemental chemical analysis of environmental samples, and it can be a useful tool to assess food safety. Metals uptake in rice crop grown in soils from different areas was studied. In this work soil, rice husk and rice samples were analyzed after complete solubilization of samples by microwave acid digestion. Heavy metals concentration detected in rice samples decreases in the following order: Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr. The metal content in rice husk was higher than in rice. This study suggests, for the first time, a possible role of heavy metals filter played by rice husk. The knowledge of metals sequestration capability of rice husk may promote some new management practices for rice cultivation to preserve it from pollution.

scholarly journals Potential Possibilities of Soil Mesofauna Usage for Biodiagnostics of Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Yorkina ◽  
Olexander Zhukov ◽  
Olena Chromysheva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Mesofauna ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

AbstractThe study of potential possibilities of mesofauna as bioindicator of soil contamination by heavy metals is one of the most important areas of urban ecology and soil biology. The work presents the results of ecotoxicological and bioindicative assessment of the environment and the biota of the Melitopol urbosystem of Ukraine. The dynamics of chemical properties of soils in different functional zones of the city is analysed. The complex indices of pollution of environmental components are determined. A bioindicative assessment of the ecological condition of the territory of the urbosystem on the indicators of vitality of the soil mesofauna is carried out. For the first time, regional species-bioindicators for the territory of the city of Melitopol were determined. The ecomorphic structure of soil mesofauna of various functional zones of the city was revealed.

scholarly journals Effects of ZnO Nanoparticles and Biochar of Rice Straw and Cow Manure on Characteristics of Contaminated Soil and Sunflower Productivity, Oil Quality, and Heavy Metals Uptake

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud F. Seleiman ◽  
Majed A. Alotaibi ◽  
Bushra Ahmed Alhammad ◽  
Basmah M. Alharbi ◽  
Yahya Refay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Untreated Soil

Contaminated soils can cause a potential risk into the health of the environment and soil as well as the quality and productivity of plants. The objectives of our study were to investigate the integrative advantageous effects of foliar ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) (60 mg Zn NPs L−1), rice straw biochar (RSB; 8.0 t ha−1), cow-manure biochar (CMB, 8.0 t ha−1), and a combination thereof (50% of each) on sunflowers grown in agricultural land irrigated with polluted wastewater for the long term (≈50 years). The availability of heavy metals (HMs) in soil, HMs accumulation in whole biomass aboveground, growth, productivity, and quality characteristics of the sunflower were investigated. The combination treatment significantly minimized the availability of HMs in soil, and, consequently, substantially lessened the uptake of HMs by the sunflower, compared to treatments of ZnO NPs and control (i.e., untreated soil). The application of the combination treatment reduced the availability of Pb, Cr, Cu, and Cd in the soil by 78.6%, 115.3%, 153.3%, and 178.5% in comparison to untreated plots post-harvest, respectively. Compared to untreated plots, it also reduced the Pb, Cr, Cu, and Cd in plant biomass by 1.13, 5.19, 3.88, and 0.26 mg kg−1 DM, respectively. Furthermore, combination treatment followed by biochar as an individual application caused a significant improvement in sunflower productivity and quality in comparison to untreated soil. For instance, seed yield ha−1, 100-seed weight, and number of seeds per head obtained from the combination treatment was greater than the results obtained from the untreated plots by 42.6%, 47.0%, and 50.4%, respectively. In summary, the combined treatment of NPs and both RSB and CMB is recommended as a result of their positive influence on sunflower oil quality and yield as well as on minimizing the negative influences of HMs.

scholarly journals An assessment of urban habitat contamination with selected heavy metals within the city of Katowice using the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web.) as a bioindicator

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Degórska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Bioaccumulation Coefficient ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Dandelion ◽  
The City

Abstract The common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Web.) is considered to be a good indicator species due to its wide spread and high tolerance to harsh environmental conditions. It was used in this study to assess contamination with selected heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd) within urban habitats of the city of Katowice (southern Poland). Samples were collected from outside the forest regions. Content of heavy metals was determined using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (F-AAS). The soil mineralization was conducted using 50,0 cm3 10% HNO3. Determination of elemental concentrations in the plant material was carried out with the “wet” method using heating blocks for a period of 7-10 days. The following concentration ranges for individual elements in soil were found: 14,03–2049,50 mg kg−1 (Pb), 17,91–4118,00 mg kg−1 (Zn), 0,25–52,93 mg kg−1 (Cd). Concentrations within the leaves of common dandelion were: 5,52–93,04 μg g−1 (Pb), 71,71–807,15 μg g−1 (Zn), 0,10–15,69 μg g−1 (Cd). Plants from the most heavily contaminated soils were characterised by the lowest bioaccumulation coefficient. The most contaminated areas were the districts: Szopienice-Burowiec and Wełnowiec-Józefowiec, while the least contaminated were the southern districts of Katowice (i.e. Zarzecze, Podlesie). There is also a clear link between the content of heavy metals in soils examined in this study and the land use.

Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soils around a Scrap Metal Recycling Company in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluseyi Orisadare ◽  
Hezekiah Efunwole ◽  
Mufutau Raimi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Scrap Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Recycling

Contamination of soils by heavy metals has severely increased over the last few decades due to industrial wastes and human activities. Contaminated soils can constitute sources of health hazard to humans globally. However, there is paucity of information on the level of heavy metal concentration in the study area. This study therefore made a pioneering effort in investigating the concentration of selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe) in soils around a scrap metal recycling company in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Thirty soil samples and solid wastes were collected from four sides of the scrap metal recycling company. The samples were air-dried, digested using standard method and analyzed for the selected heavy metals using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Results of the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric (AAS) analysis revealed that for heavy metals, the concentrations in the soils were below the background levels and permissible limits recommended for soils in some countries. The value of the mean concentration of the analyzed heavy metals in the soils around the scrap metal recycling company ranged from 0.0040 – 0.0140 mg/kg for Cd, 0.061 – 0.108 mg/kg for Fe, 0.037 – 0.047 mg/kg for Cu, 0.003 – 0.0064 mg/kg for Pb and 0.019 – 0.121 mg/kg for Zn. The results from the study indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals around the scrap metal recycling company did not appear to be of serious concern. The concentrations of all the heavy metals were below the background level proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) residential soil standards.

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