Wave Kurtosis: A Novel, Specific Parameter for TUG-Turn Quantification

2018 ◽  
pp. 339-343
Author(s):  
Slavka Viteckova ◽  
Radim Krupicka ◽  
Patrik Kutilek ◽  
Vaclav Cejka ◽  
Zoltan Szabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Parameter

Standardization and bacteria inhibitory test of purified extract of mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq) seeds and leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2132-2138
Author(s):  
Virsa Handayani ◽  
Rezki Amriati Syarif ◽  
Ahmad Najib ◽  
Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad ◽  
Abdullah Mahmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Lead Contamination ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq) is one of the plants that is often used by the community as traditional medicine. One of them is antifungal, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and eczema. This study aims to obtain standardized extracts from mahogany seeds and leaves. Standardization of purified extract of mahogany has been carried out according to the monographs of extract standardization guidelines, which include testing of specific and non-specific parameters. The results of the specific parameter testing showed that the purified extract of mahogany seeds is a thick extract, brown to reddish, smells distinctive and has a bitter taste. While the purified extract of mahogany leaves is a thick extract, greenish-brown in color, distinctive smell and has a bitter taste. The chemical content of purified extract of mahogany seeds and leaves showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins. Water-soluble essence levels in mahogany seeds and leaves was 14.84% and 10.28%. While the ethanol-soluble essence levels in mahogany seeds and leaves were 15.38% and 12.43%. Testing of non-specific parameters on mahogany seeds and leaves showed the results of drying shrinkage levels of 0.22% and 8.84%, moisture content of 2.60% and 4.04%, total ash content of 1.71% and 1.93%, levels acidic insoluble ash 0.38% and 0.32%, Total Plate Number (ALT) of mahogany seed bacteria 1x102 colonies/g, Number of mahogany mold seeds 4x10 colonies/g, heavy metal lead contamination and cadmium in mahogany seeds 0.0607µg/g and<0.003µg/g. The inhibitory diameter of each concentration of seeds against Escherichia coli, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, is 12,67; 13,67; 17,67; and 19,67 mm, respectively. The inhibitory diameter of each concentration of leaves against Escherichia coli, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, is 10,27; 10,90; 13,46; and 15,68 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Cooperation and competition between pair and multi-player social games in spatial populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Szolnoki ◽  
Xiaojie Chen
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Pair Interaction ◽  
Public Goods Game ◽  
Point Interactions ◽  
Social Games ◽  
The Public ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Group Members

AbstractThe conflict between individual and collective interests is in the heart of every social dilemmas established by evolutionary game theory. We cannot avoid these conflicts but sometimes we may choose which interaction framework to use as a battlefield. For instance some people like to be part of a larger group while other persons prefer to interact in a more personalized, individual way. Both attitudes can be formulated via appropriately chosen traditional games. In particular, the prisoner’s dilemma game is based on pair interaction while the public goods game represents multi-point interactions of group members. To reveal the possible advantage of a certain attitude we extend these models by allowing players not simply to change their strategies but also let them to vary their attitudes for a higher individual income. We show that both attitudes could be the winner at a specific parameter value. Interestingly, however, the subtle interplay between different states may result in a counterintuitive evolutionary outcome where the increase of the multiplication factor of public goods game drives the population to a fully defector state. We point out that the accompanying pattern formation can only be understood via the multipoint or multi-player interactions of different microscopic states where the vicinity of a particular state may influence the relation of two other competitors.

Can we improve our ability to interpret category II fetal heart rate tracings using additional clinical parameters?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Yagur ◽  
Omer Weitzner ◽  
Tal Biron-Shental ◽  
Tzipi Hornik-Lurie ◽  
Shiran Bookstein Peretz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Vacuum Extraction ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Fetal Cord Blood ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Fetal Acidosis

Abstract Objectives This study examined predictive factors, in addition to Category II Fetal Herat Rate (FHR) monitoring that might imply fetal acidosis and risk of asphyxia. Methods This retrospective cohort study compared three groups of patients with Category II FHR monitoring indicating need for imminent delivery. Groups were divided based on fetal cord blood pH: pH≤7.0, 7.0<pH<7.2 and pH≥7.2. Demographics, medical history, delivery data and early neonatal outcomes were reviewed. Results The cohort included 417 women. Nine (2.2%) had cord pH≤7.0, 105 (25.2%) pH 7.0 to 7.2 and 303 (72.6%) ad pH≥7.2. Background characteristics, pregnancy follow-up and intrauterine fetal evaluation prior to delivery were similar in all groups. As expected, more patients in the low pH group had cesarean section (55.6%), than vaginal delivery or vacuum extraction (p=0.02). Five-minute Apgar scores were similar in all groups. Conclusions This retrospective study did not detect a specific parameter that could help predict the prognosis of fetal acidosis and risk of asphyxia. As we only included patients with a Category II tracing that was worrisome enough to lead to imminent delivery, it is reasonable to believe that this is due to patient selection, meaning that when the Category II FHR results in decision for prompt delivery, there is no added value in additional clinical characteristics. The evaluation should be expanded to all patients with Category II tracing for better interpretation tools for Category II FHR monitors, as well as a larger study population.

scholarly journals Standardisasi Parameter Spesifik dan Non Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol Buah Asam Gelugur (GarciniaAatroviridis Griff.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Galih Samodra
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Reduce Body Weight ◽  
Specific Parameter

Acid gelugur fruit (Garcinia atroviridis) is one of the Garcinia families that has long been used as traditional medicine. Gelugur acid has been widely used as a cooking spice by Malay people, but it also has the ability to reduce cholesterol. Besides that, it has antioxidant properties and can reduce body weight and cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to establish specific parameter standards and non-specific parameters from the ethanol extract of acid gelugur fruit. The extract was obtained by maceration method using 70% ethanol with a rendament of 37.15%. Specific parameters include observations of organoleptic extracts of tamarind fruit showed, dark brown, distinctive smelling, and sour. Contains several sekendur metabolites such as flavonoids and saponins. The level of the compound that is soluble in water is 3.6%, while the content of the compound dissolved in ethanol is 3.9%. Total ash content of 2.99%. Non-specific parameters include acid insoluble ash content of 1.03%. The drying rate of geluguric acid simplicia was 7.20%. Water content of sour fruit gelugur extract was 13%.  

scholarly journals TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF DENGUE IN COSTA RICA: THE ROLE OF HOSPITALIZATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-266
Author(s):  
FABIO SANCHEZ ◽  
JORGE ARROYO-ESQUIVEL ◽  
PAOLA VÁSQUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Basic Reproductive Number ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Disease Free

For decades, dengue virus has caused major problems for public health officials in tropical and subtropical countries around the world. We construct a compartmental model that includes the role of hospitalized individuals in the transmission dynamics of dengue in Costa Rica. The basic reproductive number, R0, is computed, as well as a sensitivity analysis on R0 parameters. The global stability of the disease-free equilibrium is established. Numerical simulations under specific parameter scenarios are performed to determine optimal prevention/control strategies.

scholarly journals Kadar Polifenol Total Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) Pada Variasi Asal Daerah

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Any Guntarti
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Ammonia Vapor ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Mangosteen Peel ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Parameter Test

Background:Mangosteen peel is one of the waste of mangosteen, that nowadays have already utilized much to manage health problems. One of the ingredients in the mangosteen fruit skin is a polyphenols. Objective: to determine the polyphenols content of the ethanol extract of mangosteen peel variations based on different regions. Methods: Powder of dried mangosteen peel that come from 3 difference areas, Sumatera (Pekanbaru), Jawa (Yogyakarta) and Kalimantan (Martapura) extracted with ethanol 70% by multilevel maceration. Extract that obtained than tested specific parameter form of qualitative test of polyphenols compounds with FeCl3, AlCl3, ammonia vapor, Folin Ciucalteau and tannin test. Determination level of polyphenols (Gallic acid) with visible spectrophotometri after reacted with Folin Ciucalteau reagent. Results: The result of this research was quality test of extract etanol 70% Specific parameter test total phenol content (mg GAE/g ekstrak) from Sumatera, Jawa and Kalimantan are :824.13 (mg GAE/g ekstrak); 155,86 (mg GAE/g ekstrak); 688,9 (mg GAE/g ekstrak). Conclusions: There were difference in contents of polyphenol of mangosteen peel origin among Sumatera, Jawa and Kalimantan. 

scholarly journals Limitations in the Assessment of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (07) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo A. Amorim ◽  
Mahmoud Diab ◽  
Mario Walther ◽  
Gloria Färber ◽  
Andreas Hagendorff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Effective Orifice Area ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) may affect survival but data are conflicting. It is assessed by relating effective orifice area (EOA) to body surface area (EOAi). EOA is patient-specific as the result of flow-velocity times area at the individual patient's outflow tract levels (LVOTA) divided by trans-prosthetic flow velocity. However, some studies use projected EOAs (i.e., valve size associated EOAs from other patient populations) to assess how PPM affects outcome. Methods We analyzed 76 studies addressing hemodynamic outcome and/or mortality after bioprosthetic AVR. Results In 48 studies, projected or measured EOA for calculation of EOAi and PPM assessment was used (of which 25 demonstrated an effect on survival). We identified 28 additional studies providing measured EOA values and the corresponding Bernoulli's pressure gradients after AVR. Despite EOA being a patient-specific parameter, 77% of studies assessing a PPM impact on survival used projected EOAs. The 28 studies are providing measured EOA values and the corresponding Bernoulli's pressure gradients in patients after AVR showed a highly significant, linear relationship between EOA and Bernoulli's gradient. Considering this relationship, it is surprising that relating EOA to body surface area (BSA) (EOAi) is standard but relating pressure gradients to BSA is not. Conclusion We conclude that the majority of studies assessing PPM have used false assumptions because EOA is a patient-specific parameter and cannot be transferred to other patients. In addition, the use of EOAi to assess PPM may not be appropriate and could explain the inconsistent relation between PPM and survival in previous studies.

scholarly journals Copernicanism and the typicality in time

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Milan M. Ćirković ◽  
Amedeo Balbi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Class ◽  
Parameter Spaces ◽  
Contemporary Research ◽  
Specific Parameter ◽  
Relevant Context

AbstractHow special (or not) is the epoch we are living in? What is the appropriate reference class for embedding the observations made at the present time? How probable – or else – is anything we observe in the fulness of time? Contemporary cosmology and astrobiology bring those seemingly old-fashioned philosophical issues back into focus. There are several examples of contemporary research which use the assumption of typicality in time (or temporal Copernicanism) explicitly or implicitly, while not truly elaborating upon the meaning of this assumption. The present paper brings attention to the underlying and often uncritically accepted assumptions in these cases. It also aims to defend a more radical position that typicality in time is not – and cannot ever be – well-defined, in contrast to the typicality in space, and the typicality in various specific parameter spaces. This, of course, does not mean that we are atypical in time; instead, the notion of typicality in time is necessarily somewhat vague and restricted. In principle, it could be strengthened by further defining the relevant context, e.g. by referring to typicality within the Solar lifetime, or some similar restricting clause.

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