Chitosan Nanoparticles: An Overview on Preparation, Characterization and Biomedical Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 393-427
Author(s):  
Arundathi Mesa ◽  
Grace Sugandha Sowjanya Mythatha ◽  
Rathna Silviya Lodi ◽  
Sudheer Ravuri ◽  
Ramesh Balli
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Characterization of Epigallocatechin-Gallate-Grafted Chitosan Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
María J. Moreno-Vásquez ◽  
Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea ◽  
Saúl Sánchez-Valdes ◽  
Judith C. Tanori-Córdova ◽  
Francisco J. Castillo-Yañez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Nanoparticles based on chitosan modified with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were synthetized by nanoprecipitation (EGCG-g-chitosan-P). Chitosan was modified by free-radical-induced grafting, which was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Furthermore, the morphology, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of the nanoparticles were investigated. The grafting degree of EGCG, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of EGCG-g-chitosan-P were evaluated and compared with those of pure EGCG and chitosan nanoparticles (Chitosan-P). FTIR results confirmed the modification of the chitosan with EGCG. The EGCG-g-chitosan-P showed spherical shapes and smoother surfaces than those of Chitosan-P. EGCG content of the grafted chitosan nanoparticles was 330 μg/g. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EGCG-g-chitosan-P (15.6 μg/mL) was lower than Chitosan-P (31.2 μg/mL) and EGCG (500 μg/mL) against Pseudomonas fluorescens (p < 0.05). Additionally, EGCG-g-chitosan-P and Chitosan-P presented higher Staphylococcus aureus growth inhibition (100%) than EGCG at the lowest concentration tested. The nanoparticles produced an increase of ROS (p < 0.05) in both bacterial species assayed. Furthermore, EGCG-g-chitosan-P exhibited higher antioxidant activity than that of Chitosan-P (p < 0.05) in 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays. Based on the above results, EGCG-g-chitosan-P shows the potential for food packaging and biomedical applications.

Development of mucoadhesive thiolated chitosan nanoparticles for biomedical applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Anitha ◽  
N. Deepa ◽  
K.P. Chennazhi ◽  
S.V. Nair ◽  
H. Tamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Thiolated Chitosan

scholarly journals Agricultural and Biomedical Applications of Chitosan-Based Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhani Bandara ◽  
Hongbo Du ◽  
Laura Carson ◽  
Debra Bradford ◽  
Raghava Kommalapati
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices

Chitosan has emerged as a biodegradable, nontoxic polymer with multiple beneficial applications in the agricultural and biomedical sectors. As nanotechnology has evolved as a promising field, researchers have incorporated chitosan-based nanomaterials in a variety of products to enhance their efficacy and biocompatibility. Moreover, due to its inherent antimicrobial and chelating properties, and the availability of modifiable functional groups, chitosan nanoparticles were also directly used in a variety of applications. In this review, the use of chitosan-based nanomaterials in agricultural and biomedical fields related to the management of abiotic stress in plants, water availability for crops, controlling foodborne pathogens, and cancer photothermal therapy is discussed, with some insights into the possible mechanisms of action. Additionally, the toxicity arising from the accumulation of these nanomaterials in biological systems and future research avenues that had gained limited attention from the scientific community are discussed here. Overall, chitosan-based nanomaterials show promising characteristics for sustainable agricultural practices and effective healthcare in an eco-friendly manner.

Green Engineered Chitosan Nanoparticles and Its Biomedical Applications—An Overview

2019 ◽  
pp. 329-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Beulah ◽  
Udayabhanu Jinu ◽  
Mansour Ghorbanpour ◽  
Perumal Venkatachalam
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Synthesis And Characterization of Vancomycin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles For Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajuddin Hafizi ◽  
Mehrnoosh Hasan Shahriari ◽  
Majid Abdouss ◽  
Shafiq Ahmad Kahdestani
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Hemostatic Activity ◽  
Average Size ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Nano Size

Abstract Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide with and prominent physicochemical and biological properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, non-immunogenicity, bioadhesion, antibacterial, antifungal and hemostatic activity. Due to these properties, it has found many applications in cosmetic, textile, and food industries; agriculture; biotechnology; pharmaceutical industry and medicine; specially in biomedical applications. The special chemical structure of chitosan allows some specific modifications and by reducing the size of chitosan particles to Nano size, it becomes an excellent drug nanocarrier. Vancomycin is a typical antibiotic used for bacterial infections caused by geram positive bacteria. In this work, chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were prepared via ionotropic gelation using tripolyphosphate (TPP) as crosslinker. The effect of chitosan and TPP concentration on the size of chitosan nanoparticles was studied and CS:TPP ratio of 1:1 with average size of nanoparticle about 100 nm were selected. The prepared samples were characterized using DLS, FTIR, TGA, DSC, and SEM techniques. The results confirmed that vancomycin has been loaded successfully on chitosan nanoparticles and there was not any interaction between vancomycin and chitosan. Also, it is observed that 40% of vancomycin is released burstly in the first 9 h and after that the drug release is continued gradually to receive 90% at 100 h.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Bioapplications, and Toxicity Evaluation of Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balsam R. Rizeq ◽  
Nadin N. Younes ◽  
Kashif Rasool ◽  
Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Bactericidal Properties

The development of advanced nanomaterials and technologies is essential in biomedical engineering to improve the quality of life. Chitosan-based nanomaterials are on the forefront and attract wide interest due to their versatile physicochemical characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, which play a promising role in biological applications. Chitosan and its derivatives are employed in several applications including pharmaceuticals and biomedical engineering. This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in chitosan derivatives and nanoparticle synthesis, as well as emerging applications in medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene therapy, and cancer therapy. In addition to the applications, we critically review the main concerns and mitigation strategies related to chitosan bactericidal properties, toxicity/safety using tissue cultures and animal models, and also their potential environmental impact. At the end of this review, we also provide some of future directions and conclusions that are important for expanding the field of biomedical applications of the chitosan nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. heartwood extract synthesized chitosan nanoparticles and its biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama Ammulu Manne ◽  
Vinay Viswanath K. ◽  
Ajay Kumar G ◽  
Ushakiranmayi Mangamuri ◽  
Sudhakar Podha
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Pterocarpus Marsupium

scholarly journals Evaluating the Anticarcinogenic Activity of Surface Modified/Functionalized Nanochitosan: The Emerging Trends and Endeavors

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3138
Author(s):  
Jae-Wook Oh ◽  
Juhyun Shin ◽  
Sechul Chun ◽  
Manikandan Muthu ◽  
Judy Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Scientific Curiosity ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Marine Food ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
The Ideal

Chitosan begins its humble journey from marine food shell wastes and ends up as a versatile nutraceutical. This review focuses on briefly discussing the antioxidant activity of chitosan and retrospecting the accomplishments of chitosan nanoparticles as an anticarcinogen. The various modified/functionalized/encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles and nanoforms have been listed and their biomedical deliverables presented. The anticancer accomplishments of chitosan and its modified composites have been reviewed and presented. The future of surface modified chitosan and the lacunae in the current research focus have been discussed as future perspective. This review puts forth the urge to expand the scientific curiosity towards attempting a variety of functionalization and surface modifications to chitosan. There are few well known modifications and functionalization that benefit biomedical applications that have been proven for other systems. Being a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer, chitosan-based nanomaterials are an attractive option for medical applications. Therefore, maximizing expansion of its bioactive properties are explored. The need for applying the ideal functionalization that will significantly promote the anticancer contributions of chitosan nanomaterials has also been stressed.

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