Sex differences in the relationship of height to children's actual and attributed social and cognitive competencies

Sex Roles ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 719-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Eisenberg ◽  
Karlsson Roth ◽  
Karyl A. Bryniarski ◽  
Edward Murray
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Competencies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Relationship of Compliance with Coping Strategies and Self-Esteem

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisli H. Gudjonsson ◽  
Jon Fridrik Sigurdsson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Summary: The Gudjonsson Compliance Scale (GCS), the COPE Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were administered to 212 men and 212 women. Multiple regression of the test scores showed that low self-esteem and denial coping were the best predictors of compliance in both men and women. Significant sex differences emerged on all three scales, with women having lower self-esteem than men, being more compliant, and using different coping strategies when confronted with a stressful situation. The sex difference in compliance was mediated by differences in self-esteem between men and women.

Sex Differences in the Relationship of Career Interests and Mathematics Plans

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOAN DANIELS PEDRO ◽  
PATRICIA WOLLEAT ◽  
ELIZABETH FENNEMA
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Career Interests ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Adolescent to young adult longitudinal development of subcortical volumes in two European sites with four waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea L. Backhausen ◽  
Juliane H. Froehner ◽  
Herve Lemaitre ◽  
Eric Artiges ◽  
Marie-Laure Paillere-Martinot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent subcortical structural brain development might underlie psychopathological symptoms, which often emerge in adolescence. At the same time, sex differences exist in psychopathology, which might be mirrored in underlying sex differences in structural development. However, previous studies showed inconsistencies in subcortical trajectories and potential sex differences. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the subcortical structural trajectories and their sex differences across adolescence using for the first time a single cohort design, the same quality control procedure, software and a general additive mixed modeling approach. We investigated two large European sites from ages 14 to 24 with 503 participants and 1408 total scans from France and Germany as part of the IMAGEN project including four waves of data acquisition. We found significantly larger volumes in males versus females in both sites and across all seven subcortical regions. Sex differences in age-related trajectories were observed across all regions in both sites. Our findings provide further evidence of sex differences in longitudinal adolescent brain development of subcortical regions and thus might eventually support the relationship of underlying brain development and different adolescent psychopathology in boys and girls.

Sex Differences in Body-Weight Change following Gonadectomy of Rats

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan W. Kakolewski ◽  
Verne C. Cox ◽  
Elliot S. Valenstein
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hypothalamic Damage

Data are presented to demonstrate that the effects of gonadectomy on body weight and food consumption differ in male and female rats. The findings are related to the authors' report of sex differences in the effects of ventromedial hypothalamic damage. A review of the literature on the relationship of the gonads to body weight in different species is presented.

Parental Warmth and Hostility as Related to Sex Differences in Children's Achievement Orientation

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Oxford Manley
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parental Warmth ◽  
Achievement Orientation ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Children's Achievement ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article is a critical review of studies concerning the relationship of parental warmth and hostility to sex-related differences in children's achievement orientation. Parental warmth seemed to operate differently upon girls' and boys' achievement orientation in most of the studies cited. Moderate but not high maternal warmth and even slight hostility were related to strong achievement∗ orientation in girls, while high maternal nurturance and affection were associated with strong achievement orientation in boys. However, the article warns against assuming a simple causal relationship between parental warmth and sex-related differences in children's achievement orientation. Achievement theories, two main parental dimensions, and future research directions are also discussed.

The development of the hypothalamo–pituitary axis in the neonatal rat: pituitary and serum prolactin concentrations

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Dussault ◽  
P. Walker ◽  
J. D. Dubois
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Hypothalamic Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Using highly specific double-antibody radioimmunoassay techniques, we have measured pituitary and serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations in neonatal rats from birth to 60 d. Pituitary PRL concentration was low at birth in both sexes and peak prepuberal values were attained at 25–28 d. Following this time, pituitary PRL concentrations in females were significantly higher than those observed in males (p < 0.01). Serum PRL concentrations were low at birth in both sexes and remained low until 15 d, when they rose to peak values just before puberty. There were no significant sex differences with respect to serum PRL concentrations. These data indicate that hypothalamic control of PRL secretion develops during the neonatal period of the rat. The relationship of this developmental process in the neonatal rat as a possible model for the study of the midgestational hypothalamic maturation of the human fetus is discussed.

Sex Inequality and Bias in Sex Differences Research

1987 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison M. Jaggar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Sibling Rivalry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Advance ◽  
The World ◽  
Siamese Twin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of philosophy to science is a matter of long historical dispute. Philosophy has been described variously as the mother, the queen or the handmaiden of science, depending on whether the philosopher’s role was perceived as that of giving birth to science, of regulating and legitimating scientific discourse or of clearing the conceptual underbrush in the way of scientific advance. This essay, by contrast, is grounded on a conception of philosophy and science as partners or sisters, perhaps even as Siamese twin sisters, both proceeding from the same impulse to understand ourselves and the world and to change both for the better. Occasionally relations between philosophy and science have been marred by sibling rivalry, with each sister claiming the right to control and limit the pretensions of the other. In fact, however, philosophy and science are interdependent and ultimately inseparable. To borrow a famous slogan from another context: science without philosophy is blind; philosophy without science is empty.

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