Different types of centrally acting antihypertensives and their targets in the central nervous system

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. van Zwieten ◽  
J. P. Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Centrally Acting Antihypertensives

scholarly journals Co-Deregulated miRNA Signatures in Childhood Central Nervous System Tumors: In Search for Common Tumor miRNA-Related Mechanics

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3028
Author(s):  
George I. Lambrou ◽  
Apostolos Zaravinos ◽  
Maria Braoudaki
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Cns Tumor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Receiver Operator Curve Analysis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Operator Curve

Despite extensive experimentation on pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), related to both prognosis, diagnosis and treatment, the understanding of pathogenesis and etiology of the disease remains scarce. MicroRNAs are known to be involved in CNS tumor oncogenesis. We hypothesized that CNS tumors possess commonly deregulated miRNAs across different CNS tumor types. Aim: The current study aims to reveal the co-deregulated miRNAs across different types of pediatric CNS tumors. Materials: A total of 439 CNS tumor samples were collected from both in-house microarray experiments as well as data available in public databases. Diagnoses included medulloblastoma, astrocytoma, ependydoma, cortical dysplasia, glioblastoma, ATRT, germinoma, teratoma, yoc sac tumors, ocular tumors and retinoblastoma. Results: We found miRNAs that were globally up- or down-regulated in the majority of the CNS tumor samples. MiR-376B and miR-372 were co-upregulated, whereas miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR-765 among others, were co-downregulated across all CNS tumors. Receiver-operator curve analysis showed that miR-149, miR-214, miR-574, miR-595 and miR765 could distinguish between CNS tumors and normal brain tissue. Conclusions: Our approach could prove significant in the search for global miRNA targets for tumor diagnosis and therapy. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports concerning the present approach.

Mucopolysaccharidosis in Adults

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian J. Hendriksz ◽  
Francois Karstens
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
System P ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Different Cell Types

There are 8 different types of diseases of the mucopolysaccharides, each caused by a deficiency in one of 10 different enzymes involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Partially degraded GAGs accumulate within the lysosomes of many different cell types and lead to clinical symptoms and excretion of large amounts of GAGs in the urine. Heritability is autosomal recessive except for MPS type II, which is X-linked. The disorders are chronic and progressive and, although the specific types all have their individual features, they share an abundance of clinical similarities. All involve the musculoskeletal, the cardiovascular, the pulmonary and the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Selection of 7-10 Years Old Children of Different Types of Constitution in Sport Swimming, Taking Into Account Their Psychological and Physiological Features

2017 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Davydov ◽  
Anna Mankevich ◽  
Olga Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sports Selection

The article revealed the need to consider the psychophysiological parameters of the central nervous system of the children of schoolchildren in the selection and orientation of the sport swimming. The interrelation of features such as the schoolchild constitution and the activity of his central nervous system has been revealed. Presented conducted an extensive research of boys 7-10 years old and based on the analysis of selected types of the most successful, the algorithm is composed of sports selection procedure, revealing the specificity and individuality of each student, which increases the effectiveness of achieving high results in the future.

scholarly journals Synaptic GluN2A-Containing NMDA Receptors: From Physiology to Pathological Synaptic Plasticity

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Franchini ◽  
Nicolò Carrano ◽  
Monica Di Luca ◽  
Fabrizio Gardoni
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Regulatory Subunits ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nmdar Subunit ◽  
Activity Dependent

N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic glutamate-gated receptors. NMDARs are tetramers composed by several homologous subunits of GluN1-, GluN2-, or GluN3-type, leading to the existence in the central nervous system of a high variety of receptor subtypes with different pharmacological and signaling properties. NMDAR subunit composition is strictly regulated during development and by activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Given the differences between GluN2 regulatory subunits of NMDAR in several functions, here we will focus on the synaptic pool of NMDARs containing the GluN2A subunit, addressing its role in both physiology and pathological synaptic plasticity as well as the contribution in these events of different types of GluN2A-interacting proteins.

scholarly journals Listening to Filtered Music as a Treatment Option for Tinnitus: A Review

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Courtenay Wilson Ellis ◽  
Gottfried Schlaug ◽  
Christo Pantev
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Acoustic Stimulus ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Subjective Tinnitus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Impact

TINNITUS IS THE PERCEPTION OF A SOUND IN THE absence of an external acoustic stimulus and it affects roughly 10-15% of the population. This review will discuss the different types of tinnitus and the current research on the underlying neural substrates of subjective tinnitus. Specific focus will be paid to the plasticity of the auditory cortex, the inputs from non-auditory centers in the central nervous system and how these are affected by tinnitus. We also will discuss several therapies that utilize music as a treatment for tinnitus and highlight a novel method that filters out the tinnitus frequency from the music, leveraging the plasticity in the auditory cortex as a means of reducing the impact of tinnitus.

Deterministic and probabilistic control of the behavior of rats ingesting liquid diets

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (4) ◽  
pp. R793-R800 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Poisson Process ◽  
Decision Rule ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Sucrose Solutions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Probabilistic Rule ◽  
Behavior Of Rats

The probability distributions of bouts of licking and pauses between them in rats ingesting sucrose solutions were studied to determine if the durations of these ingestive and noningestive acts were controlled by a deterministic or probabilistic decision rule in the central nervous system. The duration of the bouts of licking could be modeled by a Poisson process, indicating that these bouts were terminated by a probabilistic rule. Three different types of pauses terminated the bouts of licking. Each averaged 0.3, 1.5, or 50-60 s in duration. The two longer pauses could be modeled by a Poisson process, indicating that their termination was also probabilistic in nature. The shorter pauses averaging 0.3 s could not and are more likely deterministically controlled.

scholarly journals Benzodiazepines: Their Use either as Essential Medicines or as Toxics Substances

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Edilma Sanabria ◽  
Ronald Edgardo Cuenca ◽  
Miguel Ángel Esteso ◽  
Mauricio Maldonado
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System

This review highlights the nature, characteristics, properties, pharmacological differences between different types of benzodiazepines, the mechanism of action in the central nervous system, and the degradation of benzodiazepines. In the end, the efforts to reduce the benzodiazepines’ adverse effects are shown and a reflection is made on the responsible uses of these medications.

scholarly journals Analysis of clinical-demographic characteristics of patients with multiple sclerosis in the context of comorbidity

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
G. Chupryna ◽  
N. Svyrydova ◽  
T. Parnikoza ◽  
Y. Trufanov
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Gender Characteristics

Multiple sclerosis (MS) – a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of an infectious-allergic origin, which begins mostly in young age, affects mainly female subjects, manifests itself as signs of a multifocal lesion of the central nervous system, has a remitting, less progressive nature of the course, often.leads to disability. Aim: to analyze the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with MS in the aspect of comorbidity. We examined 216 patients with MS with different types of course. The patients with MS of the general sample were divided into 2 groups: without concomitant diseases (WCD,n = 109) and with the presence of concomitant diseases (PCD, n = 107). A detailed analysis of the clinical anddemographic characteristics of patients with MS in the aspect of comorbidity (WCD and PCD groups) was conducted. Gender differences in gender differences were insignificant (p> 0.05) when analyzing WCD and PCD groups according to age, gender characteristics,duration of MS and its course, while differences in age and clinical features of the disease were found to be emphasized deeper manifestations of MS in patients with PCD group. From the obtained data, it follows that in the PCD group there is a significant increase in the frequency of comorbidity in the course of MS, and the concomitant pathology in MS in the PCD group was significantly more common in patients with a PC duration of 11 years or more.

scholarly journals ABNORMALITIES PRODUCED IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM BY ELECTRICAL INJURIES

1930 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 943-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orthello R. Langworthy
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Dorsal Nucleus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Circuit Group

The alternating and continuous circuits produced different types of lesions in the central nervous system. Hemorrhages were common after alternating current shocks and few hemorrhages were observed in the continuous circuit group. With both types of circuits at 1000 and 500 volts potential, severe abnormalities in the nerve cells were observed. These were more marked in the continuous circuit group. A uniformly staining, shrunken, pyknotic nucleus was taken as a criterion of nerve cell death. The Purkinje cells of the cerebellum were most susceptible to the current. Injured cells were studied in the dorsal nucleus of the vagus, in the somatic motor group, among the primary sensory neurones and in the olives. Changes in the histological structure of the cells in reference to recovery have been discussed. Injury to the cerebral and cerebellar cortices occurred on the dorsal surface close to the head electrode. Small cavities were produced, particularly in the cerebral cortex, as the result of the circuit contact. With the continuous and alternating circuits at 110 and 220 volts potential less severe changes were observed in the nerve cells although hemorrhages were common in the alternating circuit group. It must be assumed in these cases that death was due to respiratory block rather than actual death of the cells.

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