Carbaryl-induced elevation of corticosterone level and cholinergic mechanism

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 973-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Ray ◽  
M. K. Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Atropine Sulphate ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Cholinergic Mechanism

Administration of a single dose (200 mg/kg, p.o.) of carbaryl to rats produced a significant rise in adrenal and plasma corticosterone levels and an increase of tyrosine α-ketoglutarate transaminase activity in the liver cytosot. Synaptosomal acetylcholinesterase activity of the hypothalamic and the striatal regions of rat brain was decreased by carbaryl treatment under similar conditions. Pretreatment (0.5 h) with atropine sulphate (10 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to counteract the carbaryl-induced elevation of adrenal and plasma corticosterone levels and hence the liver tyrosine α-ketoglutarate transaminase activity. Present results suggest that the carbaryl-induced rise in the corticosterone level in the adrenal gland and plasma is not due to a cholinergic mechanism.

scholarly journals ROLE OF MICHELIA CHAMPACA IN MEMORY ENHANCEMENT AND ACUTE NOISE STRESSED MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Malathi S. ◽  
Vidyashree . ◽  
Ravindran Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stress ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Memory Enhancement ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Michelia Champaca

Objective: To identify the memory enhancing role of Michelia champaca in acute noise stressed animals. Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Animals were exposed to noise for 4 h before testing for memory. Thereafter, the plasma corticosterone level and acetylcholinesterase activity were estimated in the discrete regions of the brain, and the memory related behavior were assessed by eight arm radial maze.Results: Our results showed that Michelia champaca enhances the memory activity and decreases the corticosterone concentrations in acute noise stress animals treated with M. champaca. Moreover, it also decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity when compared with the acute stress group (p<0.05). Furthermore, behavioral tests indicate that working memory, is enhanced by acute stress and decreases the error levels in all the parameters studied in the behavior aspects when compared to control animals.Conclusion: These findings suggest that Michelia champaca enhances the memory in albino rats and might be useful therapeutically for cognitive related dysfunctions. This could be due to the presence of memory boosting compounds and its antistressor and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity, thereby reduces the levels of serum corticosterone and inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme significantly.

Blunted HPA axis response in lactating, vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fodor ◽  
Ottó Pintér ◽  
Ágnes Domokos ◽  
Kristina Langnaese ◽  
István Barna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Brattleboro Rats ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Adaptation to stress is a basic phenomenon in mammalian life that is mandatorily associated with the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. An increased resting activity of the HPA axis can be measured during pregnancy and lactation, suggesting that these reproductive states lead to chronic load in females. In this study, we examined the consequences of the congenital lack of vasopressin on the activity of the HPA axis during lactation using vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats. Virgin and lactating, homozygous vasopressin-deficient rats were compared with control, heterozygous rats. In control dams compared with virgins, physiological changes similar to those observed in a chronic stress state (thymus involution, adrenal gland hyperplasia, elevation of proopiomelanocortin mRNA levels in the adenohypophysis, and resting plasma corticosterone levels) were observed. In vasopressin-deficient dams, adrenal gland hyperplasia and resting corticosterone level elevations were not observed. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) mRNA levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus were elevated in only the control dams, while oxytocin (OT) mRNA levels were higher in vasopressin-deficient virgins and lactation induced a further increase in both the genotypes. Suckling-induced ACTH and corticosterone level elevations were blunted in vasopressin-deficient dams. Anaphylactoid reaction (i.v. egg white) and insulin-induced hypoglycemia stimulated the HPA axis, which were blunted in lactating rats compared with the virgins and in vasopressin-deficient rats compared with the controls without interaction of the two factors. Vasopressin seems to contribute to the physiological changes observed during lactation mimicking a chronic stress state, but its role in acute HPA axis regulation during lactation seems to be similar to that observed in virgins. If vasopressin is congenitally absent, OT, but not the CRH, compensates for the missing vasopressin; however, the functional restitution remains incomplete.

scholarly journals RESTORATION OF MEMORY AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY BY MICHELIA CHAMPACA IN CHRONICALLY NOISE STRESSED WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Malathi S
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Michelia Champaca

ABSTRACTObjective:The ability of an organism to adapt to aversive stressful situations or life challenging circumstances is very crucial to its state of health and survival. However, breakdown in adaptation due to persistent uncontrollable stress, leads to impairment of bodily functions and onset of a variety of pathological disorders especially memory decline. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Michelia champaca(M.champaca) a potent antioxidant on chronic noise stress induced memory impairment in rats. Methods: Male wistar albino rats were used in this study. Animals were exposed to noise for 30 consecutive days (4hrs/day) before testing for memory. Thereafter, the plasma corticosterone level and acetylcholinesterase activity were estimated in the three discrete regions of the brain homogenate using spectrophotometer. Result:Our results showed that M.champaca prevented memory impairment and suppressed corticosterone concentrations induced by chronic noise stress. Moreover it also decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity when compared with chronic stress group (p < 0.05). Conclusions:These findings suggest that M.champaca attenuates memory deficits induced by chronic noise stress in albino rats and may be useful therapeutically for stress-related cognitive dysfunctions. The reduction in the levels of serum corticosterone and inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme might be contributing significantly to the positive effect of M.champaca on memory in rats exposed to chronic noise stress.Keywords: M.champaca, memory, corticosterone, chronic noise stress, acetylcholinesterase activity, Eight-arm radial maze.

Dissociation of adrenal corticosteroid production from ACTH in water-restricted female rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. R21-R24 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Doell ◽  
M. F. Dallman ◽  
R. B. Clayton ◽  
G. D. Gray ◽  
S. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Acth Concentration

These experiments were undertaken to investigate the mechanism whereby a precipitous drop in plasma corticosterone concentration is brought about following drinking in rats on a restricted water schedule. No alteration in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) output was found, nor was catabolism of corticosterone sufficient to account for the drop. It is concluded that corticosterone level is controlled under these conditions by a mechanism independent of ACTH concentration.

Combined approach to demonstrate acetylcholinesterase activity changes in the rat brain following tabun intoxication and its treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Bajgar ◽  
Petr Hajek ◽  
Jiri Kassa ◽  
Dasa Slizova ◽  
Otakar Krs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Combined Approach

Bacopa monnieri alleviates aluminium chloride-induced anxiety by regulating plasma corticosterone level in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senthil Murugan Murugaiyan ◽  
Rajesh Bhargavan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Bacopa Monnieri ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone Level ◽  
Protective Groups

AbstractObjectivesAluminium is present in food preparations, antacids and many medications. It causes neurodegeneration thereby resulting in a spectrum of neurological disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and anxiety. Bacopa monnieri (BM) is widely used in ayurvedic medicine to improve memory functions. Its anxiolytic property was investigated in this study by using elevated plus maze (EPM) and plasma corticosterone level.MethodsThirty rats were assigned into five groups. Control group received distilled water, and 0.5% tween 80, AlCl3 group received Aluminium Chloride (AlCl3), Protective groups (BM100 + AlCl3 group and BM200 + AlCl3 group) received AlCl3 and BM at two different doses, and the BM200 group received BM. The EPM experiment was performed at the end of the 4th week of oral administration of BM and AlCl3 followed by the measurement of plasma corticosterone.ResultsOral administration of AlCl3 to rats increases the levels of anxiety as seen in a decrease in the percentage of entries into the open arms of EPM, an increase in grooming frequency and defecation index. However, the rats in the protective groups shown an increase in the percentage of open arm entries and rearing frequency, and decreased grooming frequency and defecation index. AlCl3 alone treated group showed a significant increase in the plasma corticosterone levels compared to the control group. Whereas the protective groups have shown a significant decrease in the plasma corticosterone levels than the AlCl3 alone treated group.ConclusionsHence the BM has potential role in reverting the anxiogenic effect of AlCl3 in the amygdala as it is evident from the plasma corticosterone levels and the EPM parameters of different groups under study.

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