scholarly journals RESTORATION OF MEMORY AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY BY MICHELIA CHAMPACA IN CHRONICALLY NOISE STRESSED WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Malathi S
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Michelia Champaca

ABSTRACTObjective:The ability of an organism to adapt to aversive stressful situations or life challenging circumstances is very crucial to its state of health and survival. However, breakdown in adaptation due to persistent uncontrollable stress, leads to impairment of bodily functions and onset of a variety of pathological disorders especially memory decline. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Michelia champaca(M.champaca) a potent antioxidant on chronic noise stress induced memory impairment in rats. Methods: Male wistar albino rats were used in this study. Animals were exposed to noise for 30 consecutive days (4hrs/day) before testing for memory. Thereafter, the plasma corticosterone level and acetylcholinesterase activity were estimated in the three discrete regions of the brain homogenate using spectrophotometer. Result:Our results showed that M.champaca prevented memory impairment and suppressed corticosterone concentrations induced by chronic noise stress. Moreover it also decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity when compared with chronic stress group (p < 0.05). Conclusions:These findings suggest that M.champaca attenuates memory deficits induced by chronic noise stress in albino rats and may be useful therapeutically for stress-related cognitive dysfunctions. The reduction in the levels of serum corticosterone and inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme might be contributing significantly to the positive effect of M.champaca on memory in rats exposed to chronic noise stress.Keywords: M.champaca, memory, corticosterone, chronic noise stress, acetylcholinesterase activity, Eight-arm radial maze.

scholarly journals ROLE OF MICHELIA CHAMPACA IN MEMORY ENHANCEMENT AND ACUTE NOISE STRESSED MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Malathi S. ◽  
Vidyashree . ◽  
Ravindran Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stress ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Memory Enhancement ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Michelia Champaca

Objective: To identify the memory enhancing role of Michelia champaca in acute noise stressed animals. Methods: Male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Animals were exposed to noise for 4 h before testing for memory. Thereafter, the plasma corticosterone level and acetylcholinesterase activity were estimated in the discrete regions of the brain, and the memory related behavior were assessed by eight arm radial maze.Results: Our results showed that Michelia champaca enhances the memory activity and decreases the corticosterone concentrations in acute noise stress animals treated with M. champaca. Moreover, it also decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity when compared with the acute stress group (p<0.05). Furthermore, behavioral tests indicate that working memory, is enhanced by acute stress and decreases the error levels in all the parameters studied in the behavior aspects when compared to control animals.Conclusion: These findings suggest that Michelia champaca enhances the memory in albino rats and might be useful therapeutically for cognitive related dysfunctions. This could be due to the presence of memory boosting compounds and its antistressor and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity, thereby reduces the levels of serum corticosterone and inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme significantly.

scholarly journals CHRONIC UNPREDICTABLE STRESS-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS AND ITS AMELIORATIVE EFFECT BY MYRICETIN MICROEMULSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Sakthivel G ◽  
Deva Karunya M ◽  
Prajisha P ◽  
Keerthipriya Cs ◽  
Ravindran R
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Open Field Behavior ◽  
Brain Wave

 Objective: The present study is designed to investigate the effects of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on electrophysiological and behavioral alterations in male Wistar albino rats and its ameliorating effect by myricetin-microemulsion (MYR-ME).Materials and Methods: Adult Wistar male albino rats were exposed to CUS for 21 days and treated with MYR-ME (10 mg/kg) for 21 days by oral administration. All the experimental animals were tested for anxiety and cognitive behavior by open-field behavior, light/dark test, eight-arm radial maze, spontaneous alteration T-maze, novel object recognition test, plasma corticosterone level, and electrophysiological activity.Results: The rats which were exposed to CUS showed memory impairment, increased anxiety, decreased novel explorations, deleterious effect on decision-making, increased corticosterone level, increased brain wave frequency and amplitude, and also heart rate. Whereas, CUS with MYR-ME-treated group showed a protective effect against CUS-induced behavioral alterations, electrophysiological activity, and corticosterone levels, which is characterized by the enhancement of cognitive function, decreased anxiety and improved decision-making, novel exploration, decreased corticosterone, and electrophysiological activity.Conclusion: From the present study, it is shown that MYR-ME may act as a potential anxiolytic and nootropic compound against CUS-induced alterations.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective role of Glycyrrhiza glabra on chronic noise induced changes in Hippocampal morphology and its functions in wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Archana Arjunan ◽  
Dhiraj Kumar Sah ◽  
Ravindran Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Hippocampal Morphology

Background: Noise has become inexorable stress due to the increase in urbanization, automobile usage, and lifestyle modification.Aim: The study aims to investigate the effect of chronic noise stress on hippocampal morphology and the neuroprotective effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) on stress-induced male Wistar albino rats.  Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. Each group contained six animals. Rats exposed to chronic noise stress (100 dB/4 h – 30Days),  Noise + GG (150 mg/kg Bw/Oral), and GG alone were compared with control animal and assessed for behaviour using the hole-board test, marble burying test, the morphology of hippocampus by histology, DNA fragmentation and assessed the Phytochemical constitutes in GG. Results: The rats exposed to chronic noise stress showed significance (p<0.05) of behavioral alterations such as increased fear and anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behaviour, enlarged lateral ventricle, and reduced hippocampal volume. Conclusion: The results reported that chronic noise stress affects the neurobehavioral due to reduced hippocampal volume.

Carbaryl-induced elevation of corticosterone level and cholinergic mechanism

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 973-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Ray ◽  
M. K. Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Atropine Sulphate ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Cholinergic Mechanism

Administration of a single dose (200 mg/kg, p.o.) of carbaryl to rats produced a significant rise in adrenal and plasma corticosterone levels and an increase of tyrosine α-ketoglutarate transaminase activity in the liver cytosot. Synaptosomal acetylcholinesterase activity of the hypothalamic and the striatal regions of rat brain was decreased by carbaryl treatment under similar conditions. Pretreatment (0.5 h) with atropine sulphate (10 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to counteract the carbaryl-induced elevation of adrenal and plasma corticosterone levels and hence the liver tyrosine α-ketoglutarate transaminase activity. Present results suggest that the carbaryl-induced rise in the corticosterone level in the adrenal gland and plasma is not due to a cholinergic mechanism.

EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON REMINISCENCE AND APPREHENSION BEHAVIOR IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
KEERTHI PRIYA CS ◽  
MALATHI S ◽  
RAVINDRAN RAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Radial Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Paradoxical Sleep ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of paradoxical sleep deprivation (SD) on learning and memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior in female Wistar albino rats. Methods: Eight-arm radial maze, open-field test, and light and dark test were used to assess the animals learning and memory and anxiety-like behavior. Results: SD associated with weaker learning and memory and increased anxiety- and depressive-like behavior in animals. Conclusion: Animals were exposed to SD showed learning and memory impairment and also exhibited increased anxiety- and depressive-like behavior when compared to control animals.

scholarly journals EXPLORE THE IMPACT OF NOISE STRESS INDUCED BRAIN WAVE PATTERN AND BEHAVIOUR ALTERATIONS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
JEYAKUMARI P ◽  
RAVINDRAN RAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Behavioral Alteration ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of noise-induced stress and electroencephalogram (EEG) with behavioral alteration in male Wistar albino Rats. Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. Each group contains six animals. Rats exposed to acute and sub-acute noise, stress (100 dB/4 h) were compared with control animals and assessed for learning and memory using an Eight-arm radial maze, Y-maze, T-maze and also monitoring of brain electrical activity showed by the electro encephalography. Results: The reference memory and working memory error increases, in acute and sub-acute noise stress. The amplitude and frequency also increase in frontal and occipital lobar when compared to control animals. Conclusion: Animals were exposed to noise stress showed learning and memory impairment and also changes in EEG wave pattern.

scholarly journals Red Beetroot Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Cortical Damage in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gadah Albasher ◽  
Asma S. Alsaleh ◽  
Nourah Alkubaisi ◽  
Saleh Alfarraj ◽  
Saad Alkahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cortical Damage ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Organophosphorus insecticides including chlorpyrifos (CPF) are mainly used for agriculture, household, and military purposes; their application is associated with various adverse reactions in animals and humans. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of red beetroot methanolic extract (RBR) against CPF-induced cortical damage. Twenty-eight adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups (n=7 in each group): the control group was administered physiological saline (0.9% NaCl), the CPF group was administered CPF (10 mg/kg), the RBR group was administered RBR (300 mg/kg), and the RBR+CPF group was treated with RBR (300 mg/kg) 1 hr before CPF (10 mg/kg) supplementation. All groups were treated for 28 days. Rats exposed to CPF exhibited a significant decrease in cortical acetylcholinesterase activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and a decrease in glial fibrillary acidic protein. CPF intoxication increased lipid peroxidation, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitric oxide production. This was accompanied by a decrease in glutathione content and in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the cortical tissue. Additionally, CPF enhanced inflammatory response, indicated by increased levels and expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. CPF triggered neuronal apoptosis by upregulating Bax and caspase-3 and downregulating Bcl-2. However, RBR reversed the induced neuronal alterations following CPF intoxication. Our findings suggest that RBR can minimize and prevent CPF neurotoxicity through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NOISE STRESS-INDUCED NEUROBEHAVIORAL CHANGES ON WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARCHANA ARJUNAN ◽  
RAVINDRAN RAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

Objective: The study aims to investigate the effect of acute noise stress on cognitive functions in male Wistar albino rats. Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into two groups. Each group contains six animals. Rats exposed to acute noise stress (100 dB/4 h) were compared with control animal and assessed for cognition using T-maze, hole-board test, open-field test, marble burying test, and social interaction behavior. Results: The rats exposed to acute noise stress showed the significance (p<0.05) of behavioral alterations such as impaired learning and memory, memory retention, increased fear and anxiety, obsessive–compulsive behavior, social avoidance, and decreased social interaction. Conclusion: The results report that acute noise stress affects the cognition, and it became chronic may confer the increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders.

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