scholarly journals Convergent Bayesian global fits of 4D composite Higgs models

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Carragher ◽  
Will Handley ◽  
Daniel Murnane ◽  
Peter Stangl ◽  
Wei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Goldstone Boson ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Collider Phenomenology ◽  
Parameter Spaces ◽  
Composite Higgs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leibler Divergence ◽  
Future Collider ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract Models in which the Higgs boson is a composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson offer attractive solutions to the Higgs mass naturalness problem. We consider three such models based on the minimal SO(5) → SO(4) symmetry breaking pattern, and perform convergent global fits on the models under a Bayesian framework in order to find the regions of their parameter spaces that best fit a wide range of constraints, including recent Higgs measurements. We use a novel technique to analyse the fine-tuning of the models, quantifying the tuning as the Kullback-Leibler divergence from the prior to the posterior probability on the parameter space. Each model is found to be able to satisfy all constraints at the 3σ level simultaneously. As a by-product of the fits, we analyse the collider phenomenology of our models in these viable regions. In two of the three models, we find that the gg → H → γγ cross section is less than ∼90% that predicted by the SM, which is already in slight tension with experiment and could potentially be ruled out in the future high-luminosity run of the LHC. In addition, the lightest fermions F arising from the new strong dynamics in these models are seen in general to lie above ∼1.1 TeV, with the F → tW+ and F → $$ \overline{b}{W}^{+} $$ b ¯ W + decays offering particularly promising channels for probing these models in future collider searches.

scholarly journals Minimal 4D Composite Higgs Models Under Current LHC Constraints

2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Ethan Carragher ◽  
Daniel Murnane ◽  
Peter Stangl ◽  
Wei Su ◽  
Martin White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Evolution ◽  
Resonance Production ◽  
Collider Phenomenology ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Composite Higgs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Collider ◽  
Low Mass

We present preliminary results of the first convergent global fits of several minimal composite Higgs models. Our fits are performed using the differential evolution optimisation package Diver. A variety of physical constraints are taken into account, including a wide range of exclusion bounds on heavy resonance production from Run 2 of the LHC. As a by-product of the fits, we analyse the collider phenomenology of the lightest new up-type and downtype resonances in the viable regions of our models, finding some low-mass resonances that can be probed in future collider searches.

Harnessing methylation and AdoMet-utilising enzymes for selective modification in cascade reactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freideriki Michailidou ◽  
Andrea Rentmeister
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Wide Range

Enzyme-mediated methylation is a very important reaction in nature, yielding a wide range of modified natural products, diversifying small molecules and fine-tuning the activity of biomacromolecules. The field has attracted...

scholarly journals Suppressing meta-holographic artifacts by laser coherence tuning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaniv Eliezer ◽  
Geyang Qu ◽  
Wenhong Yang ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Hasan Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Image Sharpness ◽  
Continuous Tuning ◽  
Fine Spatial Resolution ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fabrication Defects ◽  
Holographic Displays

AbstractA metasurface hologram combines fine spatial resolution and large viewing angles with a planar form factor and compact size. However, it suffers coherent artifacts originating from electromagnetic cross-talk between closely packed meta-atoms and fabrication defects of nanoscale features. Here, we introduce an efficient method to suppress all artifacts by fine-tuning the spatial coherence of illumination. Our method is implemented with a degenerate cavity laser, which allows a precise and continuous tuning of the spatial coherence over a wide range, with little variation in the emission spectrum and total power. We find the optimal degree of spatial coherence to suppress the coherent artifacts of a meta-hologram while maintaining the image sharpness. This work paves the way to compact and dynamical holographic displays free of coherent defects.

scholarly journals Smart Design Nano-Hybrid Formulations by Machine Learning

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Raquel de Melo Barbosa ◽  
Fabio Fonseca de Oliveira ◽  
Gabriel Bezerra Motta Câmara ◽  
Tulio Flavio Accioly de Lima e Moura ◽  
Fernanda Nervo Raffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Drug Solubility ◽  
Physical Behavior ◽  
Best Fit

Nano-hybrid formulations combine organic and inorganic materials in self-assembled platforms for drug delivery. Laponite is a synthetic clay, biocompatible, and a guest of compounds. Poloxamines are amphiphilic four-armed compounds and have pH-sensitive and thermosensitive properties. The association of Laponite and Poloxamine can be used to improve attachment to drugs and to increase the solubility of β-Lapachone (β-Lap). β-Lap has antiviral, antiparasitic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the low water solubility of β-Lap limits its clinical and medical applications. All samples were prepared by mixing Tetronic 1304 and LAP in a range of 1–20% (w/w) and 0–3% (w/w), respectively. The β-Lap solubility was analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometry, and physical behavior was evaluated across a range of temperatures. The analysis of data consisted of response surface methodology (RMS), and two kinds of machine learning (ML): multilayer perceptron (MLP) and support vector machine (SVM). The ML techniques, generated from a training process based on experimental data, obtained the best correlation coefficient adjustment for drug solubility and adequate physical classifications of the systems. The SVM method presented the best fit results of β-Lap solubilization. In silico tools promoted fine-tuning, and near-experimental data show β-Lap solubility and classification of physical behavior to be an excellent strategy for use in developing new nano-hybrid platforms.

scholarly journals LIGHT COMPOSITE HIGGS: LCH @ LHC

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (27) ◽  
pp. 6133-6148 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO SANNINO
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Group ◽  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
Chiral Phase ◽  
Symmetric Representation ◽  
Composite Higgs ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
Intrinsic Scale

Here I summarize some of the salient features of technicolor theories with technifermions in higher dimensional representations of the technicolor gauge group. The expected phase diagram as function of number of flavors and colors for the two index (anti)symmetric representation of the gauge group is reviewed. After having constructed the simplest walking technicolor theory one can show that it is not at odds with the precision measurements. The simplest theory also requires, for consistency, a fourth family of heavy leptons. The latter may result in an interesting signature at LHC. In the case of a fourth family of leptons with ordinary lepton hypercharge the new heavy neutrino can be a natural candidate of cold dark matter. New theories will also be proposed in which the critical number of flavors needed to enter the conformal window is higher than in the one with fermions in the two-index symmetric representation, but lower than in the walking technicolor theories with fermions only in the fundamental representation of the gauge group. Due to the near conformal/chiral phase transition the composite Higgs is very light compared to the intrinsic scale of the technicolor theory. For the two technicolor theory the composite Higgs mass is predicted not to exceed 150 GeV.

Alkene Difunctionalization Directed by Free Amines: Diamine Synthesis via Nickel-Catalyzed 1,2-Carboamination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeho Kang ◽  
José Manuel González ◽  
Zi-Qi Li ◽  
Klement Foo ◽  
Peter Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Catalyst ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Protecting Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaving Group ◽  
Primary And Secondary Amines ◽  
Reaction Proceeds

A versatile method to access differentially substituted 1,3- and 1,4-diamines via a nickel-catalyzed three-component 1,2-carboamination of alkenyl amines with aryl/alkenylboronic ester nucleophiles and N–O electrophiles is reported. The reaction proceeds efficiently with free primary and secondary amines without needing a directing auxiliary or protecting group, and is enabled by fine-tuning the leaving group on the N–O reagent. The transformation is highly regioselective and compatible with a wide range of coupling partners and alkenyl amine substrates, all performed at room temperature. A series of kinetic studies support a mechanism in which alkene coordination to the nickel catalyst is turnover-limiting.

Fitting Frequency-Lowering Signal Processing Applying the American Academy of Audiology Pediatric Amplification Guideline: Updates and Protocols

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 219-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Scollie ◽  
Danielle Glista ◽  
Julie Seto ◽  
Andrea Dunn ◽  
Brittany Schuett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Sensation Level ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Signal Processors

Background: Although guidelines for fitting hearing aids for children are well developed and have strong basis in evidence, specific protocols for fitting and verifying technologies can supplement such guidelines. One such technology is frequency-lowering signal processing. Children require access to a broad bandwidth of speech to detect and use all phonemes including female /s/. When access through conventional amplification is not possible, the use of frequency-lowering signal processing may be considered as a means to overcome limitations. Fitting and verification protocols are needed to better define candidacy determination and options for assessing and fine tuning frequency-lowering signal processing for individuals. Purpose: This work aims to (1) describe a set of calibrated phonemes that can be used to characterize the variation in different brands of frequency-lowering processors in hearing aids and the verification with these signals and (2) determine whether verification with these signal are predictive of perceptual changes associated with changes in the strength of frequency-lowering signal processing. Finally, we aimed to develop a fitting protocol for use in pediatric clinical practice. Study Sample: Study 1 used a sample of six hearing aids spanning four types of frequency lowering algorithms for an electroacoustic evaluation. Study 2 included 21 adults who had hearing loss (mean age 66 yr). Data Collection and Analysis: Simulated fricatives were designed to mimic the level and frequency shape of female fricatives extracted from two sources of speech. These signals were used to verify the frequency-lowering effects of four distinct types of frequency-lowering signal processors available in commercial hearing aids, and verification measures were compared to extracted fricatives made in a reference system. In a second study, the simulated fricatives were used within a probe microphone measurement system to verify a wide range of frequency compression settings in a commercial hearing aid, and 27 adult listeners were tested at each setting. The relation between the hearing aid verification measures and the listener’s ability to detect and discriminate between fricatives was examined. Results: Verification measures made with the simulated fricatives agreed to within 4 dB, on average, and tended to mimic the frequency response shape of fricatives presented in a running speech context. Some processors showed a greater aided response level for fricatives in running speech than fricatives presented in isolation. Results with listeners indicated that verified settings that provided a positive sensation level of /s/ and that maximized the frequency difference between /s/ and /∫/ tended to have the best performance. Conclusions: Frequency-lowering signal processors have measureable effects on the high-frequency fricative content of speech, particularly female /s/. It is possible to measure these effects either with a simple strategy that presents an isolated simulated fricative and measures the aided frequency response or with a more complex system that extracts fricatives from running speech. For some processors, a more accurate result may be achieved with a running speech system. In listeners, the aided frequency location and sensation level of fricatives may be helpful in predicting whether a specific hearing aid fitting, with or without frequency-lowering, will support access to the fricatives of speech.

scholarly journals Two-loop $$ \mathcal{O} $$((αt + αλ + ακ)2) corrections to the Higgs boson masses in the CP-violating NMSSM

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Nhung Dao ◽  
Martin Gabelmann ◽  
Margarete Mühlleitner ◽  
Heidi Rzehak
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Goldstone Boson ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
Momentum Dependence ◽  
Loop Order ◽  
Fortran Code ◽  
Higher Order Corrections ◽  
Infrared Divergences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We present our computation of the $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O ((αt + αλ + ακ)2) two-loop corrections to the Higgs boson masses of the CP-violating Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) using the Feynman-diagrammatic approach in the gaugeless limit at vanishing external momentum. We choose a mixed $$ \overline{\mathrm{DR}} $$ DR ¯ -on-shell (OS) renormalisation scheme for the Higgs sector and apply both $$ \overline{\mathrm{DR}} $$ DR ¯ and OS renormalisation in the top/stop sector. For the treatment of the infrared divergences we apply and compare three different regularisation methods: the introduction of a regulator mass, the application of a small momentum expansion, and the inclusion of the full momentum dependence. Our new corrections have been implemented in the Fortran code NMSSMCALC that computes the Higgs mass spectrum of the CP-conserving and CP-violating NMSSM as well as the Higgs boson decays including the state-of-the-art higher-order corrections. Our numerical analysis shows that the newly computed corrections increase with rising λ and κ, remaining overall below about 3% compared to our previously computed $$ \mathcal{O} $$ O (αt(αt + αs)) corrections, in the region compatible with perturbativity below the GUT scale. The renormalisation scheme and scale dependence is of typical two-loop order. The impact of the CP-violating phases in the new corrections is small. We furthermore show that the Goldstone Boson Catastrophe due to the infrared divergences can be treated in a numerically efficient way by introducing a regulator mass that approximates the momentum-dependent results best for squared mass values in the permille range of the squared renormalisation scale. Our results mark another step forward in the program of increasing the precision in the NMSSM Higgs boson observables.

scholarly journals TSAL: Two steps Adversarial learning based domain adaptation

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidi Hasan Badr ◽  
Nayer Mahmoud Wanas ◽  
Magda Fayek
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Adversarial Learning ◽  
Prior Art ◽  
Real World Problem ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Benchmark Datasets

Since labeled data availability differs greatly across domains, Domain Adaptation focuses on learning in new and unfamiliar domains by reducing distribution divergence. Recent research suggests that the adversarial learning approach could be a promising way to achieve the domain adaptation objective. Adversarial learning is a strategy for learning domain-transferable features in robust deep networks. This paper introduces the TSAL paradigm, a two-step adversarial learning framework. It addresses the real-world problem of text classification, where source domain(s) has labeled data but target domain (s) has only unlabeled data. TSAL utilizes joint adversarial learning with class information and domain alignment deep network architecture to learn both domain-invariant and domain-specific features extractors. It consists of two training steps that are similar to the paradigm, in which pre-trained model weights are used as initialization for training with new data. TSAL’s two training phases, however, are based on the same data, not different data, as is the case with fine-tuning. Furthermore, TSAL only uses the learned domain-invariant feature extractor from the first training as an initialization for its peer in subsequent training. By doubling the training, TSAL can emphasize the leverage of the small unlabeled target domain and learn effectively what to share between various domains. A detailed analysis of many benchmark datasets reveals that our model consistently outperforms the prior art across a wide range of dataset distributions.

scholarly journals Robust Rhythmogenesis in the Gamma Band via Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabi Socolovsky ◽  
Maoz Shamir
Keyword(s):  
Mean Field ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Wide Range

Rhythmic activity in the gamma band (30-100Hz) has been observed in numerous animal species ranging from insects to humans, and in relation to a wide range of cognitive tasks. Various experimental and theoretical studies have investigated this rhythmic activity. The theoretical efforts have mainly been focused on the neuronal dynamics, under the assumption that network connectivity satisfies certain fine-tuning conditions required to generate gamma oscillations. However, it remains unclear how this fine tuning is achieved.Here we investigated the hypothesis that spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) can provide the underlying mechanism for tuning synaptic connectivity to generate rhythmic activity in the gamma band. We addressed this question in a modeling study. We examined STDP dynamics in the framework of a network of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal populations that has been suggested to underlie the generation of gamma. Mean field Fokker Planck equations for the synaptic weights dynamics are derived in the limit of slow learning. We drew on this approximation to determine which types of STDP rules drive the system to exhibit gamma oscillations, and demonstrate how the parameters that characterize the plasticity rule govern the rhythmic activity. Finally, we propose a novel mechanism that can ensure the robustness of self-developing processes, in general and for rhythmogenesis in particular.

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