scholarly journals Hepatitis and liver disease knowledge and preventive practices among health workers in Mexico: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen Islam ◽  
Yvonne N. Flores ◽  
Paula Ramirez ◽  
Roshan Bastani ◽  
Jorge Salmerón
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Knowledge ◽  
Preventive Practices

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and practices towards COVID-19: a cross-sectional study among nursing and midwifery students in Jalingo, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Hope Inegbenosun ◽  
Clement Chinedu Azodo ◽  
John Chukudi Anionye ◽  
Collins Usunobun Inegbenosun ◽  
Obinna Chukwunwike Njoku
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection rate and mortality among Nigerian health care workers appear to be on the increase. Aside from health workers, it has caused millions of infections and deaths worldwide.  This study determined the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of nursing and midwifery students towards COVID-19 in a North-Eastern Nigerian state.Methods: A total of 156 respondents were involved in this institutional-based cross-sectional study, conducted after the lockdown period. A total of 17 questions were used to assess the KAP with knowledge appraised with 12 questions, attitudes with 2 questions, and practices with 3 questions.Results: The majority of the students (53.80%) possessed a good level of knowledge regarding COVID-19, while 40.4% had fair knowledge regarding COVID-19 with only 5.80% having poor knowledge of COVID-19. The mean knowledge of COVID-19 in this study was 9.40±1.353 with an overall 78% correct answer rate. A vast majority of the respondent (82.7% and 98.1%) had strong confidence in Nigeria and believed that the pandemic will soon be over, respectively. Only a few avoided large gatherings of people (30.8%) with the vast majority reporting to have worn a mask when going out (84.6%) and washing their hands with running water and soap frequently as recommended (73.1%). In multiple logistic regression analyses, the COVID-19 knowledge score (OR: 0.39-0.40, 95%CI: 0.26 – 0.62, P<0.05) was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of negative preventive practices towards COVID-19.Conclusions: The participants in this study showed good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices toward COVID-19. There is still a need to strategize and implement periodic educational interventions and training on infection control practices among healthcare workers including students. 

scholarly journals Knowledge and preventive practices against Lassa fever among heads of households in Abakaliki metropolis, Southeast Nigeria: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Ndudi Ossai ◽  
Ogah Emeka Onwe ◽  
Nnaemeka Philips Okeagu ◽  
Amarachi Laura Ugwuoru ◽  
Thankgod Kelechi Eze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Lassa fever is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the knowledge and preventive measures against Lassa fever among heads of households in Abakaliki metropolis, Southeast Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A four-stage sampling design was used to select 420 respondents from Abakaliki metropolis. A good knowledge of Lassa fever was determined by the proportion of respondents scoring ⩾50% in 15 variables. Good preventive practices against Lassa fever were determined by the proportion of respondents obtaining a score of ⩾50% in 12 variables. Results: The mean age of respondents was 34.1±9.4 years, and the majority (56.5%) were males. Major sources of information included television (66.4%) and radio (64.3%). A minority (11.0%) consume rats at present, while 86.7% knew that rats could transmit Lassa fever to humans. The majority (60.0%) had a good knowledge of Lassa fever, while 66.4% demonstrated good preventive practices. A predictor of good knowledge included being a consumer of rats, (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–4.9). Predictors of good preventive practices included being in a low socio-economic class (AOR=2.1; 95% CI 1.3–3.6) and having a good knowledge of Lassa fever (AOR=10.2; 95% CI: 6.2–10.6). Conclusions: The majority of respondents had a good knowledge of Lassa fever and demonstrated good preventive practices against it. A good knowledge of Lassa fever was associated with good preventive practices. There is need for a good understanding of Lassa fever among the population, as this will improve preventive practices. Health workers have an important role to play in disseminating information concerning Lassa fever.

scholarly journals Tired, Worried and Burned Out, but Still Resilient: A Cross-Sectional Study of Mental Health Workers in the UK during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4457
Author(s):  
Sofia Pappa ◽  
Joshua Barnett ◽  
Ines Berges ◽  
Nikolaos Sakkas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Workers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on health systems and the physical and mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) has been substantial. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the effects of COVID-19 on the psychological wellbeing of mental health workers who provide care to a vulnerable patient population that have been particularly affected during this crisis. A total of 387 HCWs from across a large urban mental health service completed a self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic, lifestyle and work-based information and validated psychometric scales. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), respectively; sleep problems with the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS); burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI); and resilience with the Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine potential mediating factors. Prevalence of burnout was notable, with 52% recording moderate/severe in Emotional Exhaustion, 19.5% moderate/severe in Depersonalisation, and 55.5% low/moderate Personal Accomplishment. Over half of all respondents (52%) experienced sleep problems; the presence of depressive symptoms was a significant predictor of insomnia. An increase in potentially harmful lifestyle changes, such as smoking, alcohol consumption and overeating was also observed. However, high Resilience was reported by 70% of the samples and the importance of this is highlighted. Female gender was associated with increased levels of depression and emotional exhaustion while those with a history of mental health conditions were most at risk of affective symptoms, insomnia, and burnout. Overall, our study revealed considerable levels of psychological distress and maladaptive coping strategies but also resilience and satisfaction with organizational support provided. Findings can inform tailored interventions in order to mitigate vulnerability and prevent long-term psychological sequelae.

scholarly journals Competency of health workers in detecting and managing gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia during antenatal check-ups in primary care health facilities in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e046638
Author(s):  
Sk Masum Billah ◽  
Abdullah Nurus Salam Khan ◽  
S M Rokonuzzaman ◽  
Nafisa Lira Huq ◽  
Marufa Aziz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Care Facilities

Study objectiveTo evaluate the competency of trained health workers in detecting and managing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy during routine antenatal check-ups (ANCs) at primary care facilities in Bangladesh.Study design and settingsCross-sectional study; conducted in 26 primary care facilities.Outcome measuresAccurate diagnosis of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.MethodIn total 1560 ANC consultations provided by primary health workers, known as Family Welfare Visitors (FWVs), were observed using a structured checklist between October 2017 and February 2018. All consultations were reassessed by study physicians for validation.ResultOf the ‘true’ cases of gestational hypertension (n=32), pre-eclampsia (n=29) and severe pre-eclampsia (n=16), only 3%, 7% and 25%, respectively, were correctly diagnosed by FWVs. Per cent agreement for the diagnosed cases of any hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was 9% and kappa statistics was 0.50 (p value 0.0125). For identification of any hypertensive disorders by FWVs, sensitivity and positive predictive values were 14% and 50%, respectively. There was a moderate positive correlation between the blood pressure measurements taken by FWVs and study physicians. Only 27% of those who had ‘some protein’ in urine were correctly identified by FWVs. Women diagnosed with any of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy by FWVs were more likely to be counselled on at least one danger sign of pre-eclampsia (severe headache, blurring of vision and upper abdominal pain) than those without any such diagnosis (41% vs 19%, p value 0.008). All four cases of severe pre-eclampsia diagnosed by FWVs were given a loading dose of intramuscular magnesium sulphate and three among them were referred to a higher facility.ConclusionThe FWVs should be appropriately trained on risk assessment of pregnant women with particular emphasis on accurately assessing the diagnostic criteria of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and its management.

Higher Healthy Lifestyle Score is associated with lower presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yun-yang Deng ◽  
Qing-wei Zhong ◽  
Hai-li Zhong ◽  
Feng Xiong ◽  
Yue-bin Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Objective: Previous studies have reported inverse associations between certain healthy lifestyle factors and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but limited evidence showed the synergistic effect of those lifestyles. This study examined the relationship of a combination of lifestyles, expressed as Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS), with NAFLD. Design: A community-based cross-sectional study. Questionnaires and body assessments were used to collect data on the six-item HLS (ranging from 0 to 6, where higher scores indicate better health). The HLS consists of non-smoking (no active or passive smoking), normal BMI (18·5–23·9 kg/m2), physical activity (moderate or vigorous physical activity ≥ 150 min/week), healthy diet pattern, good sleep (no insomnia or <6 months) and no anxiety (Self-rating Anxiety Scale < 50), one point each. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Setting: Guangzhou, China. Participants: Two thousand nine hundred and eighty-one participants aged 40–75 years. Results: The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 50·8 %. After adjusting for potential covariates, HLS was associated with lower presence of NAFLD. The OR of NAFLD for subjects with higher HLS (3, 4, 5–6 v. 0–1 points) were 0·68 (95 % CI 0·51, 0·91), 0·58 (95 % CI 0·43, 0·78) and 0·35 (95 % CI 0·25, 0·51), respectively (P-values < 0·05). Among the six items, BMI and physical activity were the strongest contributors. Sensitivity analyses showed that the association was more significant after weighting the HLS. The beneficial association remained after excluding any one of the six components or replacing BMI with waist circumference. Conclusions: Higher HLS was associated with lower presence of NAFLD, suggesting that a healthy lifestyle pattern might be beneficial to liver health.

scholarly journals Association between soil heavy metals and fatty liver disease in men in Taiwan: a cross sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e014215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Chih Lin ◽  
Ie-Bin Lian ◽  
Chew-Teng Kor ◽  
Chia-Chu Chang ◽  
Pei-Yuan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soil Heavy Metals

Outcomes of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Covid Positive Diabetic Patients: Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3241-3243
Author(s):  
Azhar Hussain ◽  
Mehwish Iftikhar ◽  
Amna Rizvi ◽  
Muhammad Latif ◽  
Muhammad Javed Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Background: SARS-CoV-2 principally invades the respiratory system. ACE receptor are also abundant throughout the hepatobiliary system and their increased expression on hepatocyte make patients with NAFLD more vulnerable. Aim: To see outcomes of COVID positive diabetic patients suffering from Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Study design: Cross Sectional Study. Methodology: 150 diabetic and COVID PCR positive were recruited from COVID ward of Services Hospital in Lahore. Clinical parameters like BMI, SpO2, Hepatomegaly and lab parameters like HbA1C, AST ALT were noted in spreadsheet. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v.25. Statistical significance for difference in proportions is calculated using Pearson’s Chi-Squared test. P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Around 84(56%) were males and 66(44%) females, smoked were 27(18%), mean age (years) was 59.7333 ±11.35023, mean BMI (kg/m²) was 30.1425±7.30673, 87(58%) patients had NAFLD, who experienced sever disease (53.2%; x^2=0.010) and more mortalities (60.2%;x^2=0.453) as compared to those who do not had condition. Conclusion: We concluded that NAFLD makes COVID-19 infected patients more fragile. Such patients experienced sever disease and more mortalities however need of mechanical ventilation remains almost equal between those who has NAFLD and those who didn’t had. Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, COVID-19, Diabetes, Mortality and Severity.

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