Hypothyroidism in rats decreases peripheral glucose utilisation, a defect partially corrected by central leptin infusion

Glucose and free fatty acids are a major energy source in the myocardium. Metabolic imaging with single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been widely used for the evaluation of the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure. 18F fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a glucose analogue that is used to measure myocardial glucose utilisation. The myocardial uptake of a modified branched fatty acid, 15-(p-[iodine-123] iodophenyl)-3-(R,S) methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP), reflects the activation of fatty-acid metabolism by co-enzyme A (CoA) and indirectly reflects cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The turnover rate of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle reflects the rate of overall myocardial oxidative metabolism. 11C acetate is readily metabolised to CO2 almost exclusively through the TCA cycle. These three major agents have been most commonly used for probing myocardial energy metabolism in vivo. Such metabolic imaging has been used for assessing myocardial viability on the basis of persistent glucose utilisation in ischaemic but viable myocardium. BMIPP and FDG have been identified for locating a recent history of myocardial ischaemia. Furthermore, metabolic imaging is promising for the assessment of the pathophysiology of heart failure and the treatment effect of various drugs, as well as mechanical treatments. In this article we will provide an overview of the application of myocardial metabolic imaging in a clinical setting.

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Brown adipose tissue is a major site of glucose utilisation in C57B16obob mice treated with a thermogenic β-adrenoceptor agonist

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ◽

10.1016/0006-291x(85)90408-5 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 130 (1) ◽

pp. 241-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

P. Young ◽

M.A. Cawthorne ◽

S.A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Major Site ◽

Glucose Utilisation ◽

Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽

Brown Adipose

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Protein and energy metabolism in the pre-implantation cattle embryo

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x0003408x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 443-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D.G. Morris ◽

P. Humpherson ◽

H.J. Leese ◽

J.M. Sreenan

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Synthesis ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Energy Metabolism ◽

Metabolic Rate ◽

Protein Content ◽

Amino Acid Uptake ◽

Acid Uptake ◽

Glucose Utilisation ◽

Embryonic Loss

AbstractThere is no information on the metabolism of the cattle embryo during the period from day 8 to 16 a period of greatest embryonic loss. In this study the rate of protein synthesis and phosphorylation was measured in 13 to 15 day old cattle embryos. The rate of glucose utilisation and amino acid uptake/efflux by day 14 to 16 embryos was also measured. Protein synthesis and phosphorylation activity when expressed per unit of protein decreased with increasing embryo size and age. Similarly the rate of glucose utilisation was greatest for the earlier day 14 embryos. Embryos differed in their requirement for different amino acids. The pattern of uptake/efflux was similar to that of the earlier day 7 embryo. This study suggests that the metabolic rate of cattle embryos expressed per unit of protein content tends to decrease with increasing age and size from the initial burst of activity at day 13 around the time that expansion of the embryo begins.

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EFFECT OF ENHANCED GLUCOSE UTILISATION ON POSTPRANDIAL LIPÆMIA IN ISCHÆMIC HEART-DISEASE

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91198-0 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 285 (7385) ◽

pp. 608-609

Author(s):

A. Michajlik

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽

Postprandial Lipaemia ◽

Glucose Utilisation

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Glucose Utilisation and Cell Proliferation in Colorectal Cancer

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1007/s00259-001-0754-5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 280-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. Visvikis ◽

D. Francis ◽

D. Costa ◽

R. Mulligan ◽

C. Townsend ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Glucose Utilisation

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Measurement of Glucose Utilisation with [18F]2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: A Comparison of Different Analytical Methods

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.1987.39 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 161-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Adriaan A. Lammertsma ◽

David J. Brooks ◽

Richard S. J. Frackowiak ◽

Ronald P. Beaney ◽

Sigrid Herold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Volume ◽

Rate Constants ◽

Analytical Methods ◽

Cerebral Blood Volume ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Inhalation Technique ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood ◽

Glucose Utilisation ◽

Regional Cerebral Blood Volume ◽

Dynamic Techniques

A number of different analytical methods were applied to dynamic scans obtained with [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose and positron emission tomography. In particular, methods applying three, four, standard, or no rate constants were compared in four studies on three normal subjects. In addition, regional cerebral blood flow, oxygen utilisation, and blood volume were measured using the oxygen-15 steady-state inhalation technique. There was a large difference between values of glucose utilisation obtained with the various analytical methods, in particular between methods using three or four rate constants. This difference was not due to contamination of the tracer with [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-mannose. For dynamic techniques, the separate measurement of regional cerebral blood volume was essential. Static techniques (single scans with standard or no rate constants) were best related to dynamic techniques utilising four rate constants. From the results, it followed, however, that these static techniques can only be applied clinically if relatively large disturbances of glucose metabolism and no changes in rate constants are anticipated. The lumped constant was assessed from the combined measurement of oxygen and glucose utilisation and was higher than previously reported.

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Effects of cadmium on growth and glucose utilisation of ectomycorrhizal fungi in vitro

Mycorrhiza ◽

10.1007/s00572-003-0235-8 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 223-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C.-G. Kim ◽

S. A. Power ◽

J. N. B. Bell

Keyword(s):

Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Glucose Utilisation

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Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonism enhances glucose utilisation and activates brown adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-011-2302-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 3121-3131 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

M. Bajzer ◽

M. Olivieri ◽

M. K. Haas ◽

P. T. Pfluger ◽

I. J. Magrisso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Cannabinoid Receptor ◽

Obese Mice ◽

Cannabinoid Receptor 1 ◽

Glucose Utilisation ◽

Brown Adipose

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Use of FDG PET scanning to evaluate 5-FU myocardial toxicity as a global metabolic effect rather than vascular spasm.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.792 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 792-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew Peter Dean ◽

Dom Higgs ◽

Peter Robins ◽

Paul Stobie ◽

Philip Craven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chest Pain ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Fdg Pet ◽

Coronary Artery Spasm ◽

High Energy ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Glucose Utilisation ◽

Fdg Uptake ◽

Pet Scanning

792 Background: This is the first ever case series which presents a series of PET images that conclusively demonstrate reversible abnormal myocardial glucose utilisation in 7 patients with normal coronary arteries occurring during 5-FU infusions. Fluoropyrimidine induced myocardial toxicity is estimated to occur in 9% of cases, with some instances proving fatal. Traditionally some hypothesised coronary artery spasm as the mechanism of action behind such events and an animal study suggesting dysfunction of the Krebs cycle, with depletion of high-energy phosphate compounds, was largely ignored. Having observed abnormal myocardial FDG uptake in a patient with chest pain undergoing FDG PET scanning, we prospectively evaluated a further 6 patients presenting with cardiac symptoms whilst receiving infusional 5-FU. Methods: Over an eighteen-month period, 7 patients experienced cardiac like chest pain during 5FU infusion. All were investigated for cardiac ischaemia as per institutional protocol (serial troponin, ECGs and coronary artery imaging), as well as FDG PET scanning to assess FDG uptake in the myocardium. Results: All 7 cases showed reduced FDG uptake throughout the myocardium, with the ventricular blood pool demonstrating a higher affinity for FDG than the myocardium itself. All 7 cases showed normal physiological uptake of FDG in the myocardium on previous and subsequent PET imaging. Imaging of the myocardium and coronary arteries in all cases showed no structural vascular disease. Conclusions: All cases demonstrated a global pattern of reduced FDG myocardial uptake that could not be isolated to a single coronary territory. Angiography or myocardial perfusion scanning demonstrated no significant coronary artery disease, and there were no features consistent with coronary artery spasm found on ECG. This supports the hypothesis that 5FU inhibits physiological myocardial glucose utilisation, thus acting as a direct myocardial toxin. We believe our findings warrant further investigation into the metabolic effects of 5FU on myocardial tissue.

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