Exploring the interaction of physical exercise load and pattern recall performance in female handball players

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maximum oxygen uptake is an effective indicator of the level of human cardiopulmonary function and aerobic work capacity. Observing the effects of aerobic training and formulating scientific training plans are of considerable value. Objective: To observe the effect of physical exercise on the human body's maximum oxygen uptake and arterial blood ketone body ratio. Methods: Before and after 4 weeks of physical exercise, the maximum oxygen uptake, blood lactic acid and heart rate changes, and ketone body content in the incremental load exercise experiment was measured in the human body. Results: The subjects’ maximum oxygen uptake, maximum exercise load, heart rate, and blood lactic acid levels increased significantly after physical exercise. Conclusion: The human body's maximum oxygen uptake is enhanced under sports. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Download Full-text

BIOMEDICINE ON HORMONE MEDIATION OF SPORTS IN ADOLESCENT HEIGHT DEVELOPMENT

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte ◽

10.1590/1517-8692202228012021_0427 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 23-26

Author(s):

Lulu Gao ◽

Jian Tian

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Serum Testosterone ◽

High Volume ◽

Free Testosterone ◽

Hormonal Changes ◽

Load Prediction ◽

Quiet Time ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Exercise Load

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise is an important factor in regulating energy balance and body composition. Exercise itself is a kind of body stress. It involves the central nervous system, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and other systems. Sports have various effects on the hormones in adolescent height development. Objective: This article analyzes the effects of different time and load exercise training on the levels of serum testosterone, free testosterone, and cortisol in young athletes. Methods: The athletes’ blood samples were collected at the quiet time in the morning before each experiment, immediately after exercise, and at three time intervals the next morning. Then blood testosterone (T), free testosterone (FT), and corticosteroids (C) were measured. Results: One-time and one-day high-volume training can cause a decrease in serum testosterone and free testosterone levels and an increase in cortisol hormones in young athletes. The testosterone level of young athletes rises immediately after exercise. Conclusion: Hormonal changes after physical exercise provide a scientific basis for athlete exercise load prediction and exercise plan formulation. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Download Full-text

Classical Pattern Recall Tests and the Prospective Nature of Expert Performance

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology ◽

10.1080/17470218.2011.644306 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 1151-1160 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Adam D. Gorman ◽

Bruce Abernethy ◽

Damian Farrow

Keyword(s):

Recall Performance ◽

Expert Performance ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Pattern Recall ◽

Classical Pattern ◽

Novel Method ◽

Key Features ◽

Pattern Presentation ◽

Player Positions ◽

Moving Patterns

It is well established that experts are particularly adept at recalling and/or recognizing the key features of domain-relevant patterns. We compared the recall performance of expert and novice basketball players when viewing static and moving patterns. A novel method of analysis was used where the accuracy of the participants in recalling player positions was compared to actual player positions both at the final frame of pattern presentation and at 50 successive 40 ms increments thereafter. Experts encoded the locations of the players in both the static and moving patterns significantly further in advance of their actual finishing point than did nonexperts. Experts' use of an anticipatory encoding process, which was of a magnitude unmatched by nonexperts, suggests that many previous investigations may have underestimated the extent of the expert advantage in pattern recall.

Download Full-text

Physical Inactivity: A Modifiable Risk Factor for Morbidity and Mortality in Kidney Transplantation

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11090927 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 927

Author(s):

Claudio Ponticelli ◽

Evaldo Favi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Positive Feedbacks ◽

Exercise Load ◽

Regular Physical Exercise

In patients with chronic kidney disease, sedentary behavior is widely recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, and depression. Nevertheless, the real impact of physical inactivity on the health of kidney transplant (KT) recipients remains uncertain. Over the last decade, there has been a renewed interest in exploring the effects of regular physical exercise on transplant-related outcomes. There is now mounting evidence that physical activity may reduce the burden of cardiovascular risk factors, preserve allograft function, minimize immunosuppression requirement, and ameliorate the quality of life of KT recipients. Many positive feedbacks can be detected in the early stages of the interventions and with a minimal exercise load. Despite these encouraging results, the perceived role of physical activity in the management of KT candidates and recipients is often underrated. The majority of trials on exercise training are small, relatively short, and focused on surrogate outcomes. While waiting for larger studies with longer follow-up, these statistical limitations should not discourage patients and doctors from initiating exercise and progressively increasing intensity and duration. This narrative review summarizes current knowledge about the deleterious effects of physical inactivity after KT. The benefits of regular physical exercise are also outlined.

Download Full-text

Can IGF-1 Serum Levels Really be Changed by Acute Physical Exercise? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2019-0453 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 575-584

Author(s):

Diego de Alcantara Borba ◽

Eduardo da Silva Alves ◽

João Paulo Pereira Rosa ◽

Lucas Alves Facundo ◽

Carlos Magno Amaral Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Exercise Load ◽

Exercise Type ◽

Acute Physical Exercise

Background: Physical exercise plays an important role in metabolic health, especially in the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) system. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of a single endurance and resistance exercise session on IGF-1 serum. Methods: The systematic review was performed in SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. All analyses are based on random-effect models. The study identified 249 records of which 21 were included. Results: There was an effect of endurance exercise on total IGF-1 (P = .01), but not for free IGF-1 (P = .36). Resistance exercise similarly only affected total IGF-1 (P = .003) and not free IGF-1 (P = .37). The effect size indicated that total IGF-1 is more affected (ES = 0.81) by endurance than by resistance exercise (ES = 0.46). The present study showed that IGF-1 serum concentrations are altered by exercise type, but in conditions which are not well-defined. Conclusions: The systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that there is no determinant in serum IGF-1 changes for the exercise load characteristic. Therefore, physical exercise may be an alternative treatment to control changes in IGF-1 metabolism and blood concentration.

Download Full-text

P374 Prediction of an adverse cardiovascular response to physical exercise from resting echocardiography imaging in young adults with suboptimal blood pressure

European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1093/ehjci/jez319.222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

M Alsharqi ◽

O J Huckstep ◽

W Williamson ◽

A Mohamed ◽

C Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Young Adults ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Global Longitudinal Strain ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Ejection ◽

Peak Exercise ◽

Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽

Exercise Load

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements British Heart Foundation (BHF) grants (PG/13/58/30397) Background Young adults with mildly elevated blood pressure are less likely to engage with physical activity. This may be because early hypertension alters myocardial response to moderate exercise, leading to greater perceived exertion and lower levels of enjoyment. As atrial and ventricular function are closely coupled we investigated whether subclinical atrial changes at rest may identify this myocardial response. Purpose To identify whether subclinical changes in left atrial function at rest predict response to exercise by performing left atrial deep-phenotyping in a cohort of young adults with a range of blood pressures. Methods Seventy-one full-term born young adults (25.25 ± 5.13 years) were enrolled in the Young Adult Cardiovascular Health sTudy (YACHT) to undergo baseline clinical and cardiovascular phenotyping including detailed blood pressure measurement. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing combined with echocardiography imaging was performed to assess the myocardial response to physical exercise at 40%, 60% and 80% of peak exercise load for all participants. Left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain were measured from an apical four chamber view at each exercise load, and resting left atrial phasic function was assessed by conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography from apical four and two chamber views (figure 1). Results In this young cohort with a range of blood pressure (120.9 ± 12.96/70.85 ± 9.78 mmHg), resting left atrial reservoir and conduit function, but not left atrial structural measures, showed good correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain during 40%, 60% and 80% of peak exercise. The association between resting left atrial conduit with left ventricular deformation at 60% of peak exercise intensity remained significant when adjusted for age, sex and mean arterial pressure (P = 0.007). Conclusion Left atrial phasic function at rest predicts left ventricular responses to physical exercise in this cohort of young adults, which may relate to early subclinical left atrial remodelling in early hypertension. These findings require validation in other cohorts and investigation of whether this exercise limitation can be overcome in young hypertensives. Abstract P374 Figure 1

Download Full-text

Supervised versus Recommended Physical Exercise in Hypertensive Women. Is its Recommendation Enough?

Blood Pressure ◽

10.1080/08037050301806 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

JOSEP BONET ◽

RAMON COLL ◽

ENRIQUE ROCHA ◽

RAMóN ROMERO

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise

Download Full-text

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000172 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 247-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gayatri Kotbagi ◽

Laurence Kern ◽

Lucia Romo ◽

Ramesh Pathare

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Large Population ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Download Full-text

Weekly Exercise Consistently Reinstates Positive Mood

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.3.4.271 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 271-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Hannah Steinberg ◽

Briony R. Nicholls ◽

Elizabeth A. Sykes ◽

N. LeBoutillier ◽

Nerina Ramlakhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Negative Mood ◽

Real Life ◽

Positive Mood ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Single Bout ◽

Before And After ◽

Exercise Class ◽

Negative Feelings ◽

Over Time

Mood improvement immediately after a single bout of exercise is well documented, but less is known about successive and longer term effects. In a “real-life” field investigation, four kinds of exercise class (Beginners, Advanced, Body Funk and Callanetics) met once a week for up to 7 weeks. Before and after each class the members assessed how they felt by completing a questionnaire listing equal numbers of “positive” and “negative” mood words. Subjects who had attended at least five times were included in the analysis, which led to groups consisting of 18, 20, 16, and 16 subjects, respectively. All four kinds of exercise significantly increased positive and decreased negative feelings, and this result was surprisingly consistent in successive weeks. However, exercise seemed to have a much greater effect on positive than on negative moods. The favorable moods induced by each class seemed to have worn off by the following week, to be reinstated by the class itself. In the Callanetics class, positive mood also improved significantly over time. The Callanetics class involved “slower,” more demanding exercises, not always done to music. The Callanetics and Advanced classes also showed significantly greater preexercise negative moods in the first three sessions. However, these differences disappeared following exercise. Possibly, these two groups had become more “tolerant” to the mood-enhancing effects of physical exercise; this may be in part have been due to “exercise addiction.”

Download Full-text

Personal Goals of Older Female Twins

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.14.2.160 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 160-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Katariina Salmela-Aro ◽

Sanna Read ◽

Jari-Erik Nurmi ◽

Markku Koskenvuo ◽

Jaakko Kaprio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Independent Living ◽

Environmental Effect ◽

Close Relationships ◽

Environmental Influence ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Additive Genetic Effect ◽

Personal Goals ◽

Cultural Activities ◽

The Individual

This study examined genetic and environmental influences on older women’s personal goals by using data from the Finnish Twin Study on Aging. The interview for the personal goals was completed by 67 monozygotic (MZ) pairs and 75 dizygotic (DZ) pairs. The tetrachoric correlations for personal goals related to health and functioning, close relationships, and independent living were higher in MZ than DZ twins, indicating possible genetic influence. The pattern of tetrachoric correlations for personal goals related to cultural activities, care of others, and physical exercise indicated environmental influence. For goals concerning health and functioning, independent living, and close relationships, additive genetic effect accounted for about half of the individual variation. The rest was the result of a unique environmental effect. Goals concerning physical exercise and care of others showed moderate common environmental effect, while the rest of the variance was the result of a unique environmental effect. Personal goals concerning cultural activities showed unique environmental effects only.

Download Full-text