Seroprevalence of vaccine preventable and blood transmissible viral infections (measles, mumps, rubella, polio, HBV, HCV and HIV) in medical students

The article is devoted to the problem of improving immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the related effect of lymphatic self-massage.The article analyzes the general concepts of the lymphatic system and its functions, as well as lymphatic self-massage and its effect on cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.It is noted that the lymph flow stimulation through movements activates and normalizes the most important body functions. Using Skype, the authors surveyed medical students about knowledge on benefits and techniques of lymphatic selfmassage.Further, a master class was held on the technique of lymphatic self-massage. The authors studied the awareness of students about the benefits of lymphatic selfmassage, revealed a tendency to chronic diseases and assessed the benefits after the procedure.Based on the data obtained, it was revealed that viral infections, namely COVID-19, provoke one of the most common diseases — autoimmune thyroiditis. So, 64% of the respondents noted about it.Using lymphatic self-massage, the manifestations of this pathology decreases, the facial muscles relax and the blood and lymph outflow improves.Thus, there is an undoubted benefit of lymphatic self-massage for the prevention of diseases with immune involvement, including COVID-19.

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The Knowledge on antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance among Polish medical students

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.517 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

T Sobierajski ◽

M Wanke-Rytt ◽

B Mazińska ◽

K Karpierz ◽

W Hryniewicz

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Medical University ◽

Future Education

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide, compromising ability to treat infections. Medical students as a future doctors will have an important role to play in preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to analyse the knowledge and attitudes of Polish medical students towards antibiotics and AMR. Methods A questionnaire containing 24 questions, on medical students’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of antibiotic prescribing and antibiotic resistance was developed. The survey was conducted in May-June 2018 among medical students of Medical University of Warsaw at various years of their studies. Results The study group consisted of 291 students (70% women, 30% men). Forty six of the students had used antibiotics within the previous 12 months. The prevailing reasons for taking an antibiotic were: pharyngitis (25%), bronchitis (12,8%), sore throat (12%), cough (8.3%), pneumonia (7.9%), urinary tract infection (7.6%), cold (6.6%). Ninety-two percent of the respondents considered AMR to be a significant problem, and 7.9% stated it will become in the future. Four percent of respondents believed that antibiotics are effective in treating common cold. The majority of students (83.5%) expressed the opinion that doctors often prescribe an antibiotic without need. Most respondents think that too frequent prescription and low awareness of the consequences of their overuse have an impact on the rise and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The vast majority of respondents (80%) declared that university studies enabled the gaining of a wider knowledge about the use of antibiotics. The vast majority of respondents (92.4%) indicated a willingness to extend their knowledge on antibiotic use. Conclusions Medical students are aware that AMR is a growing problem resulting in diminishing treatment options. The results of the study should be taken into future education programs. Key messages Medical students have a good understanding of the health risk of AMR but consider antibiotics for viral infections. More training on rationale antibiotic use included in the curriculum is warranted.

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Antibiotic use: evaluating knowledge, attitude and practices among medical students in a sub Himalayan state

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20174387 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 2516 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajiv Kumar Gupta ◽

Parveen Singh ◽

Renu Rani ◽

Rashmi Kumari ◽

Bhavna Langer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Medical Students ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Health Organization

Background: The growing concern about antibiotic resistance, of late, led World Health Organization to declare it as World Health Day theme in 2011. Knowledge spreads awareness and understanding by melting the barriers of ignorance while attitudes and practices have a bearing on the health related behaviour. The present study aims at evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and practices of medical students towards antibiotic usage.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among the Pre-final medical students (6th / 7th semester) who participated in the questionnaire survey on knowledge, attitude and practice towards antibiotics usage. The data was analysed and Chi-square was used as test of significance.Results: Overall, 132 students were interviewed. Majority (96.2%) had heard of antibiotic resistance. About 22% of the sample stated that antibiotics can cure viral infections, among them female being in the higher proportion (p<0.05). Majority (>90%) agreed that antibiotic resistance is a serious problem and had positive attitude about population awareness campaign regarding antibiotic resistance. Among practices, higher proportion of male respondents preferred antibiotics in case of cough and sore throat. (p<0.05).Conclusions: Despite being Pre-final MBBS students, the results have revealed that knowledge and attitude of the respondents were not up to the desired levels. The practices regarding use of antibiotics were more or less adequate. For effective curriculum, thorough knowledge and rational prescription of antibiotics needs to be reinforced among medical students both before and during internship.

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Immunity to viral infections among medical students in London

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.309.6958.876 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 309 (6958) ◽

pp. 876-876 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J M Best ◽

S J Palmer ◽

L Hesketh ◽

P Morgan-Capner ◽

K Mathers

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Viral Infections

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The Diagnosis of Viral Disease by Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010005398x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 270-273

Author(s):

William B. McCombs ◽

Cameron E. McCoy

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Medical Profession ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Viral Pathogens ◽

Academic Interest ◽

The Past

Recent years have brought a reversal in the attitude of the medical profession toward the diagnosis of viral infections. Identification of bacterial pathogens was formerly thought to be faster than identification of viral pathogens. Viral identification was dismissed as being of academic interest or for confirming the presence of an epidemic, because the patient would recover or die before this could be accomplished. In the past 10 years, the goal of virologists has been to present the clinician with a viral identification in a matter of hours. This fast diagnosis has the potential for shortening the patient's hospital stay and preventing the administering of toxic and/or expensive antibiotics of no benefit to the patient.

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Detection of Nucleic Acids in Cells or Tissue Sections Using In situ Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100162545 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 16-17

Author(s):

J. R. Hully ◽

K. R. Luehrsen ◽

K. Aoyagi ◽

C. Shoemaker ◽

R. Abramson

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acids ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Anatomical Location ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Cellular Source ◽

Gene Transcripts ◽

Initial Description ◽

In Cells

The development of PCR technology has greatly accelerated medical research at the genetic and molecular levels. Until recently, the inherent sensitivity of this technique has been limited to isolated preparations of nucleic acids which lack or at best have limited morphological information. With the obvious exception of cell lines, traditional PCR or reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) cannot identify the cellular source of the amplified product. In contrast, in situ hybridization (ISH) by definition, defines the anatomical location of a gene and/or it’s product. However, this technique lacks the sensitivity of PCR and cannot routinely detect less than 10 to 20 copies per cell. Consequently, the localization of rare transcripts, latent viral infections, foreign or altered genes cannot be identified by this technique. In situ PCR or in situ RT-PCR is a combination of the two techniques, exploiting the sensitivity of PCR and the anatomical definition provided by ISH. Since it’s initial description considerable advances have been made in the application of in situ PCR, improvements in protocols, and the development of hardware dedicated to in situ PCR using conventional microscope slides. Our understanding of the importance of viral latency or viral burden in regards to HIV, HPV, and KSHV infections has benefited from this technique, enabling detection of single viral copies in cells or tissue otherwise thought to be normal. Clearly, this technique will be useful tool in pathobiology especially carcinogenesis, gene therapy and manipulations, the study of rare gene transcripts, and forensics.

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