Effects of climate change on bioclimatic indices in vineyards along Lake Neuchatel, Switzerland

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the consequences of climate change on bioclimatic indices in vineyards along the edge of Lake Neuchatel in Switzerland. Like in other vineyards all around the world, the typicity of wines and the phenology of vines have changed, particularly since the 1970s. Trends in the growing season average temperature and in Huglin’s heliothermal index show that the climate in the Neuchatel vineyards changed from very cool or cool to temperate during the last decades. Trends in the cool night index and in the prior to harvest cool night index both indicate that in the near future this wine region will frequently experience temperate instead of cool nights during the weeks leading up to harvest. Our results highlight the need for adaptation strategies, such as an upward elevational shift for Pinot Noir, as climatic conditions will become too warm at its current location in the next decades. They also show that conditions in this region are already favorable for more thermophilic varieties such as Merlot. In the context of global warming, this kind of analysis should be conducted throughout winegrowing regions in order to develop efficient adaptation strategies at the microclimatic scale.

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Classification of Croatian winegrowing regions based on bioclimatic indices

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20185001032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 01032

Author(s):

Marko Karoglan ◽

Maja Telišman Prtenjak ◽

Silvio Šimon ◽

Mirela Osrečak ◽

Marina Anić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growing Season ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Bioclimatic Indices ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Meteorological Observations ◽

Linear Trends ◽

Cool Night

The aim of this work was to classifie vine growing regions of Croatia using bioclimatic indices. For the analysis of climatic conditions, linear trends of bioclimatic indices were determined using meteorological observations for all avaliable climatological stations located in vine growing regions of Croatia. Analysis were performed for two different climatological periods: 1961-1990 and 1988-2017. Four commonly used bioclimatic indices were determined: the Winkler index, the Huglin index, Cool night index and Growing season average temperature.

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Mediterranean Olive Orchards under Climate Change: A Review of Future Impacts and Adaptation Strategies

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Helder Fraga ◽

Marco Moriondo ◽

Luisa Leolini ◽

João A. Santos

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mediterranean Basin ◽

Olive Tree ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Projected Changes ◽

The Mediterranean Basin ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient traditional crop in the Mediterranean Basin. In the Mediterranean region, traditional olive orchards are distinguishable by their prevailing climatic conditions. Olive trees are indeed considered one of the most suitable and best-adapted species to the Mediterranean-type climate. However, new challenges are predicted to arise from climate change, threatening this traditional crop. The Mediterranean Basin is considered a climate change “hotspot,” as future projections hint at considerable warming and drying trends. Changes in olive tree suitability have already been reported over the last few decades. In this context, climate change may become particularly challenging for olive growers. The growing evidence for significant climate change in the upcoming decades urges adaptation measures to be taken. To effectively cope with the projected changes, both short and long-term adaptation strategies must be timely planned by the sector stakeholders and decision-makers to adapt for a warmer and dryer future. The current manuscript is devoted to illustrating the main impacts of climate change on olive tree cultivation in the Mediterranean Basin, by reviewing the most recent studies on this subject. Additionally, an analysis of possible adaptation strategies against the potentially negative impacts of climate change was also performed.

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Climate Change Impacts Assessment on Wine-Growing Bioclimatic Transition Areas

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10120605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 605

Author(s):

Alba Piña-Rey ◽

Estefanía González-Fernández ◽

María Fernández-González ◽

Mª. Nieves Lorenzo ◽

Fco. Javier Rodríguez-Rajo

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

High Resolution ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Study Region ◽

Bioclimatic Indices ◽

Northwestern Spain ◽

The Mediterranean

Viticultural climatic indices were assessed for the evaluation of the meteorological variations in the requirements of wine cultivars. The applied bioclimatic indices have been widely used to provide an initial evaluation of climate change impacts on grapevine and to delineate wine regions and suitable areas for planting around the world. The study was carried out over a period of 16 years (from 2000 to 2015) in five Designation of Origin areas in Northwestern Spain located in the Eurosiberian region, the transition zone between the Eurosiberian and the Mediterranean areas, and in the Mediterranean area. In addition, the high-resolution meteorological dataset “Spain02” was applied to the bioclimatic indices for the period 1950–2095. To further assess the performance of “Spain02”, Taylor diagrams were elaborated for the different bioclimatic indices. A significant trend to an increase of the Winkler, Huglin, Night Cold Index and GSS Indices was detected in the North-western Spain, whereas slight negative trends for BBLI and GSP Indices were observed. To analyze future projections 2061–2095, data from the high-resolution dynamically downscaled daily climate simulations from EURO-CORDEX project were used. To further assess the performance of Spain02, Taylor diagrams were elaborated for the different bioclimatic indices. A trend to an increase of the Winkler, Huglin, Night Cold Index and GSP Indices was detected in Northwestern Spain, whereas slight negative trends for BBLI and GSP Indices were observed. Our results showed that climatic conditions in the study region could variate for the crop in the future, more for Mediterranean than Eurosiberian bioclimatic area. Due to an advance in the phenological events or the vintage data, more alcohol-fortified wines and variations in the acidity level of wines could be expected in Northwestern Spain, these processes being most noticeable in the Mediterranean area. The projections for the BBLI and GSP Indices will induce a decrease in the pressure of the mildew attacks incidence in the areas located at the Eurosiberian region and the nearest transition zones. Projections showed if the trend of temperature increase continues, some cultural practice variations should be conducted in order to preserve the grape cultivation suitability in the studied area.

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Effects of climate change on environmental sustainability

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202125001005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 250 ◽

pp. 01005

Author(s):

Manuela Tvaronavičienė

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Industrial Pollution ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Viable Solution ◽

The World

Adaptation strategies to the climate change include measures that can be taken to take account of the new climatic conditions. This paper aims at assessing the effects of climate change on environmental sustainability. This sustainability constitutes a major problem in many countries and regions around the world that experience industrial pollution, degradation of land as well as natural disasters caused by the global warming. The paper shows that adaptation strategies are often parallel strategies that can be integrated simultaneously with the management of natural resources. They can make resources more efficient and resilient to climate change. The paper shows that reducing the carbon footprint by more than 50 percent by 2030 and eliminating it by 2050 might be a viable solution how to tackle the climate change and support the environmental sustainability.

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Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.588739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Kelem Gashu ◽

Noga Sikron Persi ◽

Elyashiv Drori ◽

Eran Harcavi ◽

Nurit Agam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Temperature Difference ◽

Global Climate ◽

Temperature Shift ◽

Pinot Noir ◽

Primary Metabolism ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Developmental Phases ◽

The Relationship

Global climate change and the expected increase in temperature are altering the relationship between geography and grapevine (V. vinifera) varietal performance, and the implications of which are yet to be fully understood. We investigated berry phenology and biochemistry of 30 cultivars, 20 red and 10 white, across three seasons (2017–2019) in response to a consistent average temperature difference of 1.5°C during the growing season between two experimental sites. The experiments were conducted at Ramat Negev (RN) and Ramon (MR) vineyards, located in the Negev desert, Israel. A significant interaction between vineyard location, season, and variety affected phenology and berry indices. The warmer RN site was generally associated with an advanced phenological course for the white cultivars, which reached harvest up to 2 weeks earlier than at the MR site. The white cultivars also showed stronger correlation between non-consecutive phenological stages than did the red ones. In contrast, harvest time of red cultivars considerably varied according to seasons and sites. Warmer conditions extended fruit developmental phases, causing berry shriveling and cluster collapse in a few cultivars such as Pinot Noir, Ruby Cabernet, and Tempranillo. Analyses of organic acid content suggested differences between red and white cultivars in the content of malate, tartrate, and citrate in response to the temperature difference between sites. However, generally, cultivars at lower temperatures exhibited lower concentrations of pulp organic acids at véraison, but acid degradation until harvest was reduced, compared to the significant pace of acid decline at the warmer site. Sugars showed the greatest differences between sites in both white and red berries at véraison, but differences were seasonal dependent. At harvest, cultivars of both groups exhibited significant variation in hexose/sucrose ratio, and the averages of which varied from 1.6 to 2.9. Hexose/sucrose ratio was significantly higher among the red cultivars at the warmer RN, while this tendency was very slight among white cultivars. White cultivars seem to harbor a considerable degree of resilience due to a combination of earlier and shorter ripening phase, which avoids most of the summer heat. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the extensive genetic capacity of V. vinifera bears significant potential and plasticity to withstand the temperature increase associated with climate change.

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Phenological model performance to warmer conditions: application to Pinot noir in Burgundy

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2014.48.3.1572 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 169 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cédric Cuccia ◽

Benjamin Bois ◽

Yves Richard ◽

Amber Kaye Parker ◽

Iñaki García de Cortázar-Atauri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Historical Data ◽

Model Performance ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Pinot Noir ◽

Phenological Model ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Cool Temperate ◽

Response To Temperature ◽

Cool Climate

Aim: The current work aims to assess the performance of two phenological models - a linear model (Grapevine Flowering Véraison model, GFV) and a curvilinear model (Wang and Engel model, WE) - to warmer temperature conditions for the grapevine variety Pinot noir in Burgundy.Methods and results: Simulations using historical data from the 1973-2005 period were similar between models and consistent with observations. To mimic potential climate warming for 2050 and 2100, 3 °C and 5 °C were added to each daily average temperature of the 1973-2005 dataset. The results showed that the two models simulated similarly the véraison stage of Pinot noir in Burgundy for temperature increases up to 5 °C. However, the simulation by the GFV model was 4.7 days earlier than that by the WE model when 10 °C was added. This difference may reflect the inhibitory effect of high temperatures on plant development incorporated in the equations of the WE model. Finally, both models were tested for three other sites in Europe (Carcassonne, Cagliari and Seville) with quite contrasting climatic conditions. Results obtained showed that both models differed significantly when they were applied at latitudes below 40°N.Conclusion: In cool-climate grape growing regions and for early grapevine varieties, increased temperatures (up to +5 °C) may advance the date of véraison as predicted by heat summation models but produce little difference in predictions between the simpler GFV model and the WE model.Significance and impact of the study: Both models (GFV and WE) satisfactorily reproduce the observed véraison dates for Pinot noir in Burgundy. For the range of temperature increases expected in the future for cool temperate areas, a model that uses a curvilinear response to temperature does not improve significantly the phenological predictions compared with a simple model based on a linear response.

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Simulating adaptation strategies to offset potential impacts of climate variability and change on maize yields in Embu County, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241147 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241147

Author(s):

Sridhar Gummadi ◽

M. D. M. Kadiyala ◽

K. P. C. Rao ◽

Ioannis Athanasiadis ◽

Richard Mulwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Models ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Model Intercomparison ◽

Climate Variability And Change ◽

Cmip5 Climate Models ◽

Rcp 8.5 ◽

Maize Yields ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

In this study, we assessed the possible impacts of climate variability and change on growth and performance of maize using multi-climate, multi-crop model approaches built on Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project (AgMIP) protocols in five different agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Embu County in Kenya and under different management systems. Adaptation strategies were developed that are locally relevant by identifying a set of technologies that help to offset potential impacts of climate change on maize yields. Impacts and adaptation options were evaluated using projections by 20 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project—Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models under two representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. Two widely used crop simulation models, Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) and Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) was used to simulate the potential impacts of climate change on maize. Results showed that 20 CMIP5 models are consistent in their projections of increased surface temperatures with different magnitude. Projections by HadGEM2-CC, HadGEM2-ES, and MIROC-ESM tend to be higher than the rest of 17 CMIP5 climate models under both emission scenarios. The projected increase in minimum temperature (Tmin) which ranged between 2.7 and 5.8°C is higher than the increase in maximum temperature (Tmax) that varied between 2.2 and 4.8°C by end century under RCP 8.5. Future projections in rainfall are less certain with high variability projections by GFDL-ESM2G, MIROC5, and NorESM1-M suggest 8 to 25% decline in rainfall, while CanESM2, IPSL-CM5A-MR and BNU-ESM suggested more than 85% increase in rainfall under RCP 8.5 by end of 21st century. Impacts of current and future climatic conditions on maize yields varied depending on the AEZs, soil type, crop management and climate change scenario. Impacts are largely negative in the low potential AEZs such as Lower Midlands (LM4 and LM5) compared with the high potential AEZs Upper Midlands (UM2 and UM3). However, impacts of climate change are largely positive across all AEZs and management conditions when CO2 fertilization is included. Using the differential impacts of climate change, a strategy to adapt maize cultivation to climate change in all the five AEZs was identified by consolidating those practices that contributed to increased yields under climate change. We consider this approach as more appropriate to identify operational adaptation strategies using readily available technologies that contribute positively under both current and future climatic conditions. This approach when adopted in strategic manner will also contribute to further strengthen the development of adaptation strategies at national and local levels. The methods and tools validated and applied in this assessment allowed estimating possible impacts of climate change and adaptation strategies which can provide valuable insights and guidance for adaptation planning.

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COMPLEX EVALUATION OF GRAPES FOR THE TERROIR WINES PRODUCTION

Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2310-0478-2020-2-89-94 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 89-94

Author(s):

O. Tkachenko

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Climate ◽

Soil Condition ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Pinot Noir ◽

Scientific Concept ◽

Main Task ◽

Wine Production ◽

Qualitative Characteristics

. The influence of changes in agro-climatic conditions of grape growing on the wines quality in the conditions of LLC “ITC Shabo” is studied in the paper. For the past two decades, scientists around the world have been concerned about the effects of climate change. Studies of the global climate change impact on agriculture have already covered a significant area of global food crops. Growing grapes more than growing any other plant depends on climatic conditions, soil condition, temperature in certain periods of vegetation and development. This requires a particularly careful approach to the territorial location of wine production, including in terms of varietal. As a result of research, the qualitative characteristics of red grapes: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, white varieties: Pinot Gris, Rhine Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay and Telti Kuruk were analyzed in order to justify production of the Shabo terroir wines. Comparative analysis of data obtained from the white and red wine materials study, allowed to establish ranges of their chemical composition variation. Compliance of wine products with the regulatory documentation requirements primarily characterizes the qualitative characteristics of wine materials. The scientific concept provides taking into account by the winemaker a set of natural, climatic conditions and agricultural techniques for a particular area of the vineyard from which the wine is produced. The main task of this approach is to maximize display and preserve in wine individual characteristics, as display of a complex of terroir descriptors with obligatory preservation of descriptors of a grape variety.

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