scholarly journals Performance of the eazyplex® BloodScreen GN as a simple and rapid molecular test for identification of Gram-negative bacteria from positive blood cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Bach ◽  
Birgit Edel ◽  
Steffen Höring ◽  
Lucie Bartoničkova ◽  
Stefan Glöckner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Test ◽  
Molecular Assay ◽  
Gram Negative

AbstractThe LAMP-based eazyplex® BloodScreen GN was evaluated for the detection of frequent Gram-negatives directly from positive blood culture (BC) bottles. A total of 449 BCs were analyzed. Sensitivities and specificities were 100% and 100% for Escherichia coli, 95.7% and 100% for Klebsiella pneumoniae, 100% and 100% for blaCTX-M, 100% and 100% for Klebsiella oxytoca, 100% and 99% for Proteus mirabilis, and 100% and 99.8% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. The time to result ranged from 8 to 16 min, plus about 6 min for sample preparation. The eazyplex® BloodScreen GN is a reliable molecular assay for rapid BC testing.

scholarly journals National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteremic Gram-Negative Bacteria with Emphasis on Community-Acquired Resistant Isolates: Report from the 2019 Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan (SMART)

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yu Liu ◽  
Yu-Lin Lee ◽  
Min-Chi Lu ◽  
Pei-Lan Shao ◽  
Po-Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT A multicenter collection of bacteremic isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 423), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 300), and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (n = 199) was analyzed for susceptibility. Xpert Carba-R assay and sequencing for mcr genes were performed for carbapenem- or colistin-resistant isolates. Nineteen (67.8%) carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (n = 28) and one (20%) carbapenem-resistant E. coli (n = 5) isolate harbored blaKPC (n = 17), blaOXA-48 (n = 2), and blaVIM (n = 1) genes.

scholarly journals A survey on gram-negative bacteria in saffron finches (Sicalis flaveola) from illegal wildlife trade in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamê Miniero Davies ◽  
Marta Brito Guimarães ◽  
Liliane Milanelo ◽  
Maria Gabriela Xavier de Oliveira ◽  
Vasco Túlio De Moura Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Serratia Liquefaciens

No Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, os pássaros como os canários-da-terra têm sido uma das espécies mais frequentemente resgatadas do tráfico illegal e enviadas aos centros de vida selvagem. Em situações de estresse estas aves podem ser acometidas por infecções causadas por bactérias oportunistas. Este fato é de grande importância quando é planejada da reintrodução das aves na natureza. O presente trabalho foi delineado para avaliar o estado de saúde de canários-da-terra resgatados do tráfico ilegal. Foram colhidas soabes da traqueia e da cloaca de 100 aves resgatadas durante os anos de 2012 e 2013. Os resultados obtidos revelaram alta frequência de bactérias gram-negativas nas fezes e no orofaringe dos animais, com maior frequência para os membros da família Enterobacteriaceae (97,5%). Os gêneros mais frequentes foram Escherichia coli (46,55) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,4%). Outros microorganismos incluindo Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia spp, Klebsiella oxytoca e Citrobacter freundii também foram isolados em menor frequencia de aves assintomáticas. A presença de estirpes de Escherichia coli enteropagênicas (EPEC) e as produtoras da toxina de Shiga confirmam o risco de zoonose e a importância para saúde pública deste tipo de ave. 

scholarly journals Association between fluoroquinolone utilization rates and susceptibilities of gram-negative bacilli: Results from an 8-year intervention by an antibiotic stewardship program in an inner-city United States hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110118
Author(s):  
Cosmina Zeana ◽  
Frank E. Palmieri ◽  
Vikas Gupta ◽  
Gang Ye ◽  
Peter Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic

This study evaluated an antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) intervention aimed at reducing inpatient fluoroquinolone (FQ) use and examined its impact on ciprofloxacin susceptibilities of gram-negative bacteria in a large 611-bed community hospital. A two-step ASP intervention was implemented: an electronic medical record algorithm that prompted physicians to re-evaluate FQ use shortly after admission and changed institutional UTI/pneumonia guidelines that recommended options alternate to FQs for first-line empiric antibiotic therapy in 2010 and 2011 respectively. Between 2007 and 2017 FQ use and ciprofloxacin susceptibilities of all non-duplicate cultured isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained ≥72 h after admission were reviewed. Ambulatory care isolates served as a comparison group. FQ utilization rates and relationships to ciprofloxacin susceptibility were evaluated using interrupted time series models. Over the 11-year period, FQ use decreased from 110.0 (2007) to 26.2 (2017) days of therapy/1000 days at risk ( p < 0.001). Compared to pre-intervention, the estimated (post-intervention) reduction in FQ utilization was 28.4 (95% CI: 10.9–46) days of therapy/1000 days at risk. Reduced FQ utilization was correlated with increase susceptibilities to ciprofloxacin of hospital onset isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis ( p < 0.02), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( p = 0.07). No significant susceptibility change was observed in the ambulatory care isolates. Persuasive interventions by an ASP successfully modified physicians’ inpatient empiric antibiotic use, produced a sustained reduction in FQ utilization rates and increased ciprofloxacin susceptibility to four commonly encountered gram-negative bacteria in a community hospital.

scholarly journals Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in the 21st Century: Characterization, Epidemiology, and Detection of This Important Resistance Threat

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
The World

SUMMARY β-Lactamases continue to be the leading cause of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics among gram-negative bacteria. In recent years there has been an increased incidence and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), enzymes that hydrolyze and cause resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins and aztreonam. The majority of ESBLs are derived from the widespread broad-spectrum β-lactamases TEM-1 and SHV-1. There are also new families of ESBLs, including the CTX-M and OXA-type enzymes as well as novel, unrelated β-lactamases. Several different methods for the detection of ESBLs in clinical isolates have been suggested. While each of the tests has merit, none of the tests is able to detect all of the ESBLs encountered. ESBLs have become widespread throughout the world and are now found in a significant percentage of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in certain countries. They have also been found in other Enterobacteriaceae strains and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Strains expressing these β-lactamases will present a host of therapeutic challenges as we head into the 21st century.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Triiodide [Na(12-Crown-4)2]I3 on the Pathogens Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Edis ◽  
Samir Haj Bloukh ◽  
Hamed Abu Sara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

New antibacterial agents are needed to overcome the increasing number of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. &nbsp;In this context, halogens, especially Iodine is known since ages for its antimicrobial activity. Therefore, especially triiodides encapsulated in organometallic complexes can be helpful as new agents against microorganisms. The aims of this work was to study the biological activity of [Na(12-Crown-4)2]I3 against gram positive Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, the spore forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis and gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as the yeast Candida albicans. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the triiodide were determined by zone of inhibition plate studies. [Na(12-Crown-4)2]I3 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity on gram positive Streptochocci and the yeast C. albicans. Furthermore, the gram negative bacteria P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were less effectively inhibited, while E. coli and P. mirabilis proved to be even resistant.

Антимікробна резистентність провідних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів у Києві (Україна)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
A.G. Salmanov ◽  
A.V. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
E Coli

Мета роботи — вивчити резистентність до антибіотиків бактеріальних збудників інфекцій сечових шляхів (ІСШ), виділених у пацієнтів урологічного стаціонару в м. Києві. Матеріали і методи. Досліджено 1612 штамів бактерій, виділених із сечі хворих з ІСШ (цистит, уретрит, пієлонефрит), госпіталізованих в урологічне відділення ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України» у м. Києві протягом 2016 р. Серед пацієнтів переважали жінки — 1201 (74,5 %). Вік хворих становив від 17 до 74 років. Для збору даних використано медичну документацію лікарні. Мікробіологічні дослідження виконано у лабораторії мікробіології ДУ «Інститут урології НАМН України». Аналізували результати культурального дослідження зразків сечі, зібраних за наявності клінічних ознак ІСШ. Дослідження клінічного матеріалу та інтерпретацію отриманих результатів проводили загальноприйнятими методами. Вивчено чутливість уропатогенів до 31 антибіотика дискодифузійним методом відповідно до рекомендацій Інституту клінічних та лабораторних стандартів США (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)). Результати та обговорення. Аналіз мікробного спектра сечі виявив домінування серед уропатогенів штамів Escherichia coli (32,0 %), Enterococcus faecalis (19,5 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,9 %), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8,9 %), S. haemolyticus (6,5 %) та Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,4 %). Частка Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter aerogenes і Streptococcus viridans становила відповідно 2,5, 2,2 і 1,6 %, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris та Providencia rettgeri — менше 1,0 %. У більшості випадків (69,7 %) мікроорганізми виділено у монокультурі, у решті випадків — у мікробних асоціа- ціях. Високу резистентність до тестованих антибіотиків виявили штами E. aerogenes (45,1 %), E. cloacae (45,7 %), E. faecium (40,9 %), E. faecalis (40,7 %), E. coli (39,9 %), P. aeruginosa (34,0 %), K. pneumoniae (28,6 %). Найбільш активними до уропатогенів були іміпенем (E. coli — 87,6 %, P. aeruginosa — 75,7 %, E. cloacae — 67,3 %, E. aerogenes — 72,6 %, K. pneumoniae — 93,2 %), меропенем (E. coli — 89,1 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, K. pneumoniae — 82,6 %), лефлоцин (E. coli — 74,5 %, ентерококи — 78,7 %, P. aeruginosa — 76,7 %, E. cloacae — 73,9 %, E. aerogenes — 80,4 %, K. pneumoniae — 83,5 %), амоксицилін/клавуланат (ентерококи — 84,6 %), фурагін (ентерококи — 82,6 %), цефоперазон (K. pneumoniae — 89,2 %, P. aeruginosa — 73,8 %), цефтріаксон (K. pneumoniae — 80,1 %). Висновки. Антибіотикорезистентність збудників ІСШ — важлива терапевтична проблема. Найбільшою активністю до уропатогенів характеризуються іміпенем, меропенем, лефлоцин, амоксицилін/ клавуланат, фурагін, цефоперазон, цефтріаксон, які можна розглядати як препарат вибору для призначення стартової терапії ІСШ. Необхідно здійснювати постійний моніторинг за резистентністю до дії антибіотиків. Політику використання антибіотиків у кожному стаціонарі слід визначати залежно від локальних даних щодо резистентності до протимікробних препаратів.

scholarly journals MexAB-OprM Efflux Pump Interaction with the Peptidoglycan of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5328
Author(s):  
Miao Ma ◽  
Margaux Lustig ◽  
Michèle Salem ◽  
Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx ◽  
Gilles Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Active Efflux

One of the major families of membrane proteins found in prokaryote genome corresponds to the transporters. Among them, the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) transporters are highly studied, as being responsible for one of the most problematic mechanisms used by bacteria to resist to antibiotics, i.e., the active efflux of drugs. In Gram-negative bacteria, these proteins are inserted in the inner membrane and form a tripartite assembly with an outer membrane factor and a periplasmic linker in order to cross the two membranes to expulse molecules outside of the cell. A lot of information has been collected to understand the functional mechanism of these pumps, especially with AcrAB-TolC from Escherichia coli, but one missing piece from all the suggested models is the role of peptidoglycan in the assembly. Here, by pull-down experiments with purified peptidoglycans, we precise the MexAB-OprM interaction with the peptidoglycan from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, highlighting a role of the peptidoglycan in stabilizing the MexA-OprM complex and also differences between the two Gram-negative bacteria peptidoglycans.

scholarly journals Emergence of Colistin Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Tertiary Care Rural Hospital in 2019

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed ◽  
Nusrat Akhtar Juyee ◽  
SM Ali Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Rural Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Gram Negative

Background: Colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria is a rapidly emerging global threatgenerated a sense of public alarm. Objective: To combat this challenge a study was designedto evaluate the fast spreading infections by colistin-resistant pathogens in the tertiary care rural hospital of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: To study isolation ofpathogenic gram-negative bacilli,clinical sample (n-640) of hospitalized patients of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital in Enayetpur, Bangladesh during the 1st quarter of the year 2019 were used. The bacterial isolates were screened for meropenem and colistin-resistance. Results: A total of 156 bacterial isolates were studied which included Escherichia coli (n-112), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n-14), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n-27), and Salmonella typhi (n-3). Antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that 32/156(20%) and 119/156 (76%) isolates were resistant to meropenem and colistin, respectively. whereas 50/156 (32%) isolates were resistant to both antibiotics. Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi isolates respectivelywere 112/156 (72%), 14/156 (9%). 27/156 (17%), and 3/156 (2%). Conclusion: Colistin is typically used as salvage therapy, or last-line treatment, for MDR gramnegative infections.But there is worrisome therapeutic scenario in our study finding of colistin resistance is 76% in Gram-negative bacteria of the clinical isolates. The restricted and rational use of colistin drug is the need of hour. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 87-90

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Multiresistant Gram-Negative Bacteria to Fosfomycin and Performance of Different Susceptibility Testing Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 1763-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Perdigão-Neto ◽  
M. S. Oliveira ◽  
C. F. Rizek ◽  
C. M. D. M. Carrilho ◽  
S. F. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Systemic Infections

ABSTRACTFosfomycin may be a treatment option for multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. This study compared susceptibility methods using 94 multiresistant clinical isolates. With agar dilution (AD), susceptibilities were 81%, 7%, 96%, and 100% (CLSI) and 0%, 0%, 96%, and 30% (EUCAST), respectively, forAcinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae, andEnterobacterspp. Categorical agreement between Etest and AD forEnterobacteriaceaeandA. baumanniiwas ≥80%. Disk diffusion was adequate only forEnterobacter. CLSI criteria for urine may be adequate for systemic infections.

Susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to the synergistic bactericidal action of serum and polymyxin B nonapeptide

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Viljanen ◽  
Helena Käyhty ◽  
Martti Vaara ◽  
Timo Vaara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bactericidal Action ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Degree Of Sensitization ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Polymyxin B nonapeptide was able to sensitize Escherichia coli strains and strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzae to the bactericidal action of fresh normal human serum. The degree of sensitization varied significantly within the strains. Strains of Proteus mirabilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and N. meningitidis remained resistant.

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