scholarly journals Automatic segmentation and volumetric assessment of internal organs and fatty tissue: what are the benefits?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Schick
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Volumetric Assessment

A semi-automatic and an automatic segmentation algorithm to remove the internal organs from live pig CT images

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 290-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Xiberta ◽  
Imma Boada ◽  
Anton Bardera ◽  
Maria Font-i-Furnols
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Segmentation Algorithm ◽  
Internal Organs

Pasture type in relation to live-weight gain, carcass composition, iodine nutrition and some rumen characteristics of sheep II. Carcass composition and the non-carcass components of live weight

1963 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Barton ◽  
M. J. Ulyatt
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Iodine Nutrition ◽  
Rye Grass ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Omental Fat

1. The results of two trials with Romney ewes grazed on perennial rye-grass (P), perennial rye-grass with white clover (P + C), short-rotation rye-grass (S) and short-rotation rye-grass with white clover (S + C) are reported. Chemical and dissection analyses of their carcasses were made and the weights of certain internal organs were obtained.2. It was found that the sheep grazed on the P plots had the lightest carcasses (56·2 and 40·9 lb. in trials I and II, respectively), followed by those on the P + C (70·2 and 59·2 lb.), by those on S (74·7 and 61·2 lb.) and the heaviest carcasses were yielded by sheep from the S + C plots (81·5 and 69·1 lb., respectively).3. The weights of dissectible fatty tissue and chemical fat of the carcasses were related to the carcass weights of the different groups of sheep; the group with the lightest carcass weight had the least fat. The other components of the carcass (protein, water and ash) followed the order for group mean carcass weights except that the S carcasses in trial II had slightly less water, protein and ash than the P + C carcasses. The percentage chemical fat of the S carcasses in trial I was also lower than the P + C carcasses.4. In general, the non-carcass components of live weight (head, feet, skin, liver, mesenteric fat, omental fat, kidneys, stomach empty, and intestines empty) all followed the same pattern of increasing weight (P < P + C < S < S + C).

A novel semi-automatic segmentation protocol for volumetric assessment of alveolar cleft grafting procedures

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nard G. Janssen ◽  
Ruud Schreurs ◽  
Gerhard K.P. Bittermann ◽  
Wilfred A. Borstlap ◽  
Ronald Koole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Alveolar Cleft ◽  
Volumetric Assessment

RAPESEED OILS LOW OR HIGH IN ERUCIC ACID IN MILK REPLACERS FOR LAMBS: THEIR EFFECTS ON GROWTH, DIGESTION, NITROGEN BALANCE AND INTERNAL ORGANS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. L. GORRILL ◽  
D. M. WALKER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Butter Oil ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Milk Replacers

Unrefined rapeseed (Brassica napus) oils which contained 0.4 (Oro), 16.0 (Bronowski) and 39.3% (Target) erucic acid were compared with butter oil as the sole source of fat in milk replacers for lambs. Lambs were fed 210 kcal gross energy/kg body weight0.73 per day for 2 wk, and then were killed to determine effects of the oils on internal organs. Lamb body weight gains were similar on the Oro and butter oil diets (37 vs. 41 g/kg0.73/day), but were less on the Bronowski and Target oil diets (32 and 19 g/kg0.73/day, respectively). Nutrients in the Oro oil diet were highly digestible, but were less than those in butter oil (94 vs. 99% apparent fat digestibility). Lambs fed the Bronowski and Target oil diets digested only 74 and 82% of the fat. Lambs fed the butter, Oro, Bronowski and Target oil diets retained 72, 62, 57 and 48%, respectively, of the nitrogen consumed. Livers from lambs fed the Target oil diet were pale and showed fatty tissue infiltration. Lambs fed the Bronowski and Target oil diets had enlarged thyroid glands. It was concluded that Oro rapeseed oil could effectively replace all or part of animal fats used in lamb milk replacers.

scholarly journals EASE: Clinical Implementation of Automated Tumor Segmentation and Volume Quantification for Adult Low-Grade Glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin A. van Garderen ◽  
Sebastian R. van der Voort ◽  
Adriaan Versteeg ◽  
Marcel Koek ◽  
Andrea Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Low Grade Glioma ◽  
Tumor Segmentation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
Ensure Patient Safety ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
The Individual

The growth rate of non-enhancing low-grade glioma has prognostic value for both malignant progression and survival, but quantification of growth is difficult due to the irregular shape of the tumor. Volumetric assessment could provide a reliable quantification of tumor growth, but is only feasible if fully automated. Recent advances in automated tumor segmentation have made such a volume quantification possible, and this work describes the clinical implementation of automated volume quantification in an application named EASE: Erasmus Automated SEgmentation. The visual quality control of segmentations by the radiologist is an important step in this process, as errors in the segmentation are still possible. Additionally, to ensure patient safety and quality of care, protocols were established for the usage of volume measurements in clinical diagnosis and for future updates to the algorithm. Upon the introduction of EASE into clinical practice, we evaluated the individual segmentation success rate and impact on diagnosis. In its first 3 months of usage, it was applied to a total of 55 patients, and in 36 of those the radiologist was able to make a volume-based diagnosis using three successful consecutive measurements from EASE. In all cases the volume-based diagnosis was in line with the conventional visual diagnosis. This first cautious introduction of EASE in our clinic is a valuable step in the translation of automatic segmentation methods to clinical practice.

Hyperthermia for deep seated tumours – possibilities of heating with capacitive devices

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
О. Курпешев ◽  
O. Kurpeshev ◽  
Я. ван дер Зее ◽  
J. van der Zee ◽  
М. Кавагнаро ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue ◽  
Electromagnetic Hyperthermia

The review examines the general principles of capacitive electromagnetic hyperthermia (EMHT), the distribution of electromagnetic energy in various experimental models and in patients’ tumors, the design features of applicators from various capacitive hyperthermic systems and their role in achieving hyperthermic mode in tumors of deep localization. In classical capacitive EMHT, the main obstacle in achieving the required temperature in such tumors is overheating of the subcutaneous fatty tissue under the electrodes. For some capacitive hyperthermic systems, the heating of adipose tissues is enhanced due to the fact that the applicator design does not conform to certain technical requirements. In capacitive EMHT at frequencies of 8–13.56 MHz, obtaining the minimum hyperthermic mode is possible with output powers of 500–800 W, maximum – 1000–1200 W and above. The results of the use of various hyperthermic capacitive systems in patients with malignant tumors of internal organs are analyzed.

scholarly journals Whole brain and deep gray matter structure segmentation: Quantitative comparison between MPRAGE and MP2RAGE sequences

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254597
Author(s):  
Amgad Droby ◽  
Avner Thaler ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
R. Matthew Hutchison ◽  
Anat Mirelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Tissue Segmentation ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
Total Brain

Objective T1-weighted MRI images are commonly used for volumetric assessment of brain structures. Magnetization prepared 2 rapid gradient echo (MP2RAGE) sequence offers superior gray (GM) and white matter (WM) contrast. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the agreement of whole brain tissue and deep GM (DGM) volumes obtained from MP2RAGE compared to the widely used MP-RAGE sequence. Methods Twenty-nine healthy participants were included in this study. All subjects underwent a 3T MRI scan acquiring high-resolution 3D MP-RAGE and MP2RAGE images. Twelve participants were re-scanned after one year. The whole brain, as well as DGM segmentation, was performed using CAT12, volBrain, and FSL-FAST automatic segmentation tools based on the acquired images. Finally, contrast-to-noise ratio between WM and GM (CNRWG), the agreement between the obtained tissue volumes, as well as scan-rescan variability of both sequences were explored. Results Significantly higher CNRWG was detected in MP2RAGE vs. MP-RAGE (Mean ± SD = 0.97 ± 0.04 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1 respectively; p<0.0001). Significantly higher total brain GM, and lower cerebrospinal fluid‏ volumes were obtained from MP2RAGE vs. MP-RAGE based on all segmentation methods (p<0.05 in all cases). Whole-brain voxel-wise comparisons revealed higher GM tissue probability in the thalamus, putamen, caudate, lingual gyrus, and precentral gyrus based on MP2RAGE compared with MP-RAGE. Moreover, significantly higher WM probability was observed in the cerebellum, corpus callosum, and frontal-and-temporal regions in MP2RAGE vs. MP-RAGE. Finally, MP2RAGE showed a higher mean percentage of change in total brain GM compared to MP-RAGE. On the other hand, MP-RAGE demonstrated a higher overtime percentage of change in WM and DGM volumes compared to MP2RAGE. Conclusions Due to its higher CNR, MP2RAGE resulted in reproducible brain tissue segmentation, and thus is a recommended method for volumetric imaging biomarkers for the monitoring of neurological diseases.

A novel semi-automatic segmentation method for volumetric assessment of the colon based on magnetic resonance imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2232-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Holm Sandberg ◽  
Matias Nilsson ◽  
Jakob Lykke Poulsen ◽  
Mikkel Gram ◽  
Jens Brøndum Frøkjær ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Volumetric Assessment

Clinical Application and Results of the Assessment of Coronary Blood Flow by the Regional Precordial Xenon Residue Detection Technique

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 161-171
Author(s):  
H.-J. Engel ◽  
H. Hundeshagen ◽  
P. R. Lichtlen
Keyword(s):  
Wall Motion ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Detection Technique ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Residue Detection ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Right ◽  
Drug Interventions

Methodological and technical aspects as well as application and results of the precordial Xenon-residue-detection technique are critically reviewed. The results concern mainly normal flow in various regions of the heart esp. in the free wall of the right and left ventricle, poststenotic flow in patients with coronary artery disease in relation to the degree of proximal nar-rowings as well as wall motion of the corresponding LV segment, bypassgraft flow and flow after drug interventions esp. nitrates, betablockers, the calcium-antagonist Nifedipine and the coronary dilator Dipyridamole. In spite of its serious limitations (high affinity of Xenon for fatty tissue, geometrical problems in the assessment of flow and its relation to anatomy, gas exchange in situations of high flow etc.), the technique is found to be a usefull investigatory tool. Due to its technical display and the related high costs routine application is, however, prohibitive.

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