scholarly journals Assessment of the efficiency of different chemical treatments and ultrasonic cleaning for defatting of cancellous bone samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangxing Wang ◽  
Florian Metzner ◽  
Georg Osterhoff ◽  
Stefan Schleifenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Ultrasonic Cleaning ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ultrasound Group

AbstractOur study aimed to asses the defatting efficiency of different methods, which are commonly used and easily available in the laboratory in order to find a method that is effective, convenient, safe, and economical. Cylindrical cancellous bone specimens were obtained from fresh-frozen human cadaver femoral condyles, cut into multiple small specimens (Ø8 × 2 mm), and assigned to two groups that were treated with either chemical solvent soaking (Solvent group) or ultrasonic cleaning (Ultrasound group). Each group was divided into several subgroups based on different treatments. Digital photographs were taken of each specimen. The difference of material density (Δρb), apparent density (Δρapp), and porosity (ΔP) before and after treatment were used as evaluation indicators. For the solvent group, in Δρb, only the combination of 99% ethanol and detergent solution showed a significant difference before and after treatment (P = 0.00). There was no significant difference in ΔP among acetone, the mixture of 99% ethanol and acetone, and the combination of 99% ethanol and detergent solution (P = 0.93). For the ultrasound group, the median of all subgroups in Δρapp and ΔP were all lower than the solvent group. The combination of 99% ethanol and detergent solution (v/v = 1:20), as well as the mixture of 99% ethanol and acetone (v/v = 1:1), seem to be the optimal defatting methods for 2 mm thick cancellous bone slices due to their effectiveness, availability, low-cost and safety. Chemical soaking for 24 h is more effective than ultrasonic cleaning with 99% ethanol or acetone for 20 or 40 min.

scholarly journals Molecularly imprinted electrospun fiber membrane for colorimetric detection of hexanoic acid

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 500-510
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Ying ◽  
Jieyuan He ◽  
Xiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Imagej Software

Abstract An imprinted electrospun fiber membrane was developed for the detection of volatile organic acids, which are key components of human body odor. In this study, hexanoic acid (HA) was selected as the target, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was used as the substrate, and colorimetric detection of HA was achieved by a bromocresol purple (BCP) chromogenic agent. The results showed that the morphology of the fiber membrane was uniform and continuous, and it showed excellent selectivity and specificity to HA. Photographs of the color changes before and after fiber membrane adsorption were recorded by a camera and quantified by ImageJ software by the difference in gray value (ΔGray). This method is simple, intuitive, and low cost and has great potential for application in human odor analysis.

scholarly journals Influence of Apical Patency and Cleaning of the Apical Foramen on Periapical Extrusion in Retreatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marili Doro Andrade Deonizio ◽  
Gilson Blitzkow Sydney ◽  
Antonio Batista ◽  
Roberto Pontarolo ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Root Canal Retreatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Removal Technique

This study evaluated the influence of apical patency, root filling removal technique and cleaning of the apical foramen, concerning the amount of debris extruded during root canal retreatment. Forty mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups - GIM (n=10), GIIM (n=10), GIPT (n=10) and GIIPT (n=10), which were named according to leaving (I) or not (II) apical patency during canal preparation and filling removal technique (manual - M or ProTaper system - PT). After filling material removal, each specimen of each group had the apical foramen cleaned by sizes 15, 20 and 25 instruments, generating 12 subgroups: GIM15, GIM20, GIM25, GIIM15, GIIM20, GIIM25, GIPT15, GIPT20, GIPT25, GIIPT15, GIIPT20 and GIIPT25. Extruded filling debris was collected by a Milipore filtration system, an HV-durapore, 0.45 µm pore filter with a 25 mm diameter. The filters were weighed before and after the collection on an analytical scale (10–5 g), and the difference was calculated. The mean weight of extruded filling debris was analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman ANOVA tests (α=0.05). The mean values found in the groups (in mg) were: GIM (0.95±0.94), GIIM (0.47±0.62), GIPT (0.30±0.31) and GIIPT (0.32±0.44). There was no statistically significant difference among any of the groups or subgroups (p>0.05). ProTaper provided the smallest amount of extruded filling material, regardless of presence or absence of apical patency, followed by manual technique, without and with apical patency. Additional amounts of debris were collected during cleaning of the apical foramen, regardless of the instrument, presence/absence of patency or root filling removal technique.

scholarly journals The Importance of Service Attributes between Low-cost and Full-service Carrier Customers: A case of Airline Type Hybridisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10(6)) ◽  
pp. 1741-1757
Author(s):  
Nkululeko Funyane
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

This study sought to assess if the importance attached by customers to the airline service attributes differed across low-cost and full-service airline models. A Mann-Whitney U Test was used to assess the difference between the two models. However, before subjecting the data to differential tests, an exploratory factor analysis (maximum likelihood) was performed on the fifty-five items of service attributes, reducing them into forty-two items retained into ten latent factors (airline service attributes). The results of the revealed a significant difference in the importance attached to staff competence, courtesy and responsiveness only. Such findings suggest that the positioning of airlines into binary (FSC - LCC) models could be a waste of effort and resources since airlines seem to be converging.

scholarly journals The difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with fluoride containing toothpaste and without toothpaste

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Setiawan ◽  
Edeh Rolleta Haroen ◽  
Dede Hadidjah
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Difference

In administering fluoride through drinking water there is the risk of overdose, higher cost and inadequate availability of drinking water containing fluoride in developing countries like Indonesia. A safe fluoride source is contained in toothpaste. The purpose of this research was to obtain data concerning difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride and without toothpaste. The research method used was the quasi-experimental method. Samples were collected by the way of purposive sampling, conducted on 43 male and female research subjects. The data were analyzed by statistical analysis using the t test at 95% confidence level. In this research a control group consisting of 43 people was used. Research results indicated that the average saliva pH before brushing was 7.174; after brushing with fluoride containing toothpaste salivary pH was 7.593. Result research of brushing without toothpaste showed an average saliva of 7.163 before brushing and 7.379 after brushing without toothpaste. The average changes in saliva pH before and after brushing using fluoride containing toothpaste was 0.216. The conclusion of this research was that there was significant difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride; there was significant difference in saliva pH before and after brushing without toothpaste, and there was significant difference in saliva pH before and after brushing with toothpaste containing fluoride and without toothpaste.

scholarly journals OHIS Differences on Primary School Students in Relation to Little Dentist Training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Arifin Senjaya ◽  
Ni Made Sirat ◽  
I Nyoman Wirata ◽  
Ni Ketut Ratmini
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Dental healthcare is very important since dental and oral hygiene should be maintained. Statistics showed that more than 80% of children in developed and developing countries suffer from dental disease. This study aimed to see the safety of OHIS (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified) in primary school students who got and did not get little dentist cadre training in Bangli Regency in 2019. The study was done in an experimental design: pre and post-test with control design, which was conducted in August-September 2019. The sample in this study is 366 students. The difference in OHIS scores before and after treatment in the control group and treatment group was carried out by the bivariate Mann Whitney U Test. The results of the study showed that before dental health training was conducted, there were 54.3% of primary school students in the treatment group with good OHIS score criteria, and after the training was carried out as many as 98.4% of the students in the treatment group had a good OHIS. Additionally, prior to the training, 57.5% of the control group had fair OHIS criteria score. Then, after the training was carried out, 73.7% of the control group had good OHIS score. Hence, the study concluded that there was a significant difference in the OHIS of primary school students who got little doctor training prior to and after the training. Also, there was a significant difference in the OHIS of the students who did not get such treatment before and after the training.

scholarly journals The Effect of Extract Supplements of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Plus Royal Jelly on Hemoglobin (Hb) Levels of Anemia Pregnant Mother in Takalar Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Yulni Yulni ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
Burhanuddin Bahar ◽  
Citrakesumasari Citrakesumasari ◽  
Rahayu Indriasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Double Blind Design

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplements, Moringa oleifera leaf extract plus royal jelly and placebo on hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women. This research is a randomized controlled double blind design study which was conducted in Polombangkeng Utara District, Takalar Regency for 2 months. The subjects of this study were pregnant women with anemia, the majority of which were 20-35 years old, primigravida parity, income less than UMR, unemployment, higher education, pregnancy distance of more than 2 years with p value> 0.05. Then divided into three groups, namely Moringa capsules plus royal jelly (KRJ) (n = 24), Moringa capsules (KTR) (n = 24) and placeco (PLC) (n = 21). Before and after the intervention, measurements of hemoglobin levels were carried out using the Hemocue tool and interviewing the characteristics of the respondents. The results showed that the average Hb level increased from each group (mean SD): KRJ 10.06 ± 0.75 to 11.42 ± 1.23, P = 0.001, KTR 10.40 ± 0.46 to 11.15 ± 0 , 90 P = 0.001 and PLC 10.43 ± 0.42 becomes 11.14 ± 0.88 P = 0.002. but there was no significant difference from the difference in the average increase in Hb levels in the three groups, but there was a tendency that KRJ was superior to the KTR and PLC groups with an increase of 1.36 gr / dl, KTR 0.75 gr / dl and PLC 0.71 gr / dl. So it can be concluded that KRJ is better than KTR and PLC in increasing Hb levels in anemic pregnant women in Takalar Regency.

scholarly journals Sleeve Gastrectomy vs. Fundus Resection in Bariatric Surgery (Animal Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimohammad Bananzadeh ◽  
Seyed Vahid Hosseini ◽  
Hajar Khazraei ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Lashkarizadeh ◽  
Leila Ghahramani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level

Background: Bariatric surgery has resulted in body weight loss, which claimed by surgery removal specific parts of the stomach with enzyme or sleeve gastrectomy. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine weight loss and endocrine changes by 12-week fundus resection and sleeve gastrectomy in rabbits. Methods: Twenty-one rabbits, weighing 2.5 - 3.5 kg, were divided into three groups (n = 7): sleeve gastrectomy, experimental fundus resection, and sham group. The weight of rabbits and total ghrelin and leptin levels in the plasma before and after surgery were measured in 12 weeks. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Walis test for comparison of the means between the groups, and the difference after months in one group was assayed by Friedman test. Results: The results showed sleeve gastrectomy had a significant weight loss after one month when compared to fundus resection and sham-operated controls (P = 0.008). There was no significant difference in the ghrelin levels after these surgeries, but leptin levels decreased significantly after the fundectomy (P = 0.025). Conclusions: Sleeve gastrectomy is more efficient than the fundus resection in weight loss. It could be suggested as a new option in metabolic disorders due to the high level of leptin.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effectiveness of frozen platelet concentrates for transfusion

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Lazarus ◽  
EA Kaniecki-Green ◽  
SE Warm ◽  
M Aikawa ◽  
RH Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Platelet Concentrate ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Six patients received platelet concentrate transfusions from their HLA- identical siblings. Platelet concentrates were administered either fresh, or after being frozen in 10% dimethylsulfoxide, at a slow controlled rate (1 degree C/min) or rapidly (approximately 8 degrees C/min) in the vapor-phase of a liquid nitrogen refrigerator. The median freeze-thaw loss was 13.5%. The mean 1-hr and 20-hr corrected increments in platelet count were calculated for fresh platelet concentrates transfused before and after transfusion with controlled- rate frozen and vapor-phase frozen platelet concentrates. There was no significant difference among the first and second transfusion of fresh platelet concentrates, nor was the difference observed between fresh and controlled-rate frozen platelet concentrates significant. The difference between fresh and vapor-phase frozen platelet concentrates, and between controlled-rate frozen and vapor-phase frozen platelet concentrates were highly significant (p < 0.01). In vitro tests of aggregation using ristocetin and platelet ultrastructural studies paralleled the transfusion experience. Our results indicate that HLA- identical platelet concentrates can be successfully frozen and thawed for transfusion if a slow, controlled rate of freezing is employed. The use of HLA-identical frozen platelet concentrates may be important in emergency situations for the refractory patient and potentially for the establishment of a platelet concentrate bank.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF 12.5% VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (COCOS NUCIFERA) MOUTHWASH ON PLAQUE INDEX OF FIXED PROSTHETIC DENTURE USERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Leo Saputra ◽  
Farisza Gita ◽  
Ratna Sari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control

Objective: To find out the difference in the plaque index scores of FPD users before and after using a 12.5% VCO mouthwash.Methods: The plaque index measurement of an abutment tooth was taken on 40 subjects with FPD in both test and control groups. Subjects used a 12.5% VCO mouthwash or aquades twice a day for 4 days after brushing their teeth. Statistical analysis of the measurement result of the plaque index scores before and after using the coconut oil mouthwash was done using the Wilcoxon test.Results: There is a statistically significant difference in the plaque index scores of FPD users before and after using the 12.5% VCO mouthwash with a statistically significant decrease in plaque index scores among restoration margin locations and tooth brushing habits, but not among age and gender groups.Conclusion: Using a 12.5% VCO mouthwash may decrease the plaque index of fixed prosthetic denture users.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy following cardiac surgery: Program comparison

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
D. Pulmane ◽  
A. Vetra ◽  
R. Lacis ◽  
D. Driba
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2

The objective is to examine and compare the usability of two physiotherapy programmes, analyzing respiratory function in patients before and after cardiac surgery in hospital during seven postoperative days (POD). Quantitative randomized prospective study of 157 patients before and after the valve replacement surgery, coronary artery bypass graft and combined surgeries, who moved independently. Participants were randomized into two groups (1 and 2) with different physiotherapy programmes. The routine physiotherapy of breath-enhancing techniques, micro-circulation improvement were used for the first group, for the second group - modified physiotherapy – the improvement of inspiration muscles, mm. quadriceps. gluteus max strength. Anthropometric measurements were defined for both groups on the day before surgery and during spirography - dynamic indicators - forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the 2nd second (FEV1), Tiffeneau index (FEV1 / VC (%)), peak expiratory flow (PEF), operation parameters. By comparing the postoperative respiratory parameters between the two groups and using independent samples t test, it was found out that the difference in FVC between groups is 1.71 [95% CI: −8.25 to 4.8] and it is not statistically significant (t (155) = −0.52; p = 0.60). Based on the Leuven test results FVC the distribution variance is not statistically notably different for group 1 and group 2 (F = 0.27, p=0.60). Using routine and modified physiotherapy and comparing postoperative dynamic respiratory performance of the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference, proving that the two models are equally effective.

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