scholarly journals Compensation and Socio-Economic Status of Borrowers in Foreclosure: Evidence from Swedish Micro-data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lundholm
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Debt Relief ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Micro Level

AbstractProper compensation during foreclosure is essential to any effort to protect borrowers as consumers. However, the effectiveness of consumer protection and other safety nets during foreclosure has been debated within academia. This study contributes to this debate by exploring socio-economic group differences related to the compensatory potential of foreclosure proceedings. It employs micro-level data on foreclosure auctions in Sweden from 2000 to 2014. The results indicate that there is a correlation between high socio-economic status and a greater potential for compensation and that this is likely not explained by appraiser bias. This article discusses these empirical findings in terms of the need for strict consumer protection regulation and other safety nets, such as alternative mortgage products or debt relief, to ensure that there is a potential for compensation for all borrowers in foreclosure, regardless of socio-economic status.

scholarly journals The Lasting Impact of Grandfathers: Class, Occupational Status, and Earnings over Three Generations in Sweden 1815–2011

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dribe ◽  
Jonas Helgertz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Mobility ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Fathers And Sons ◽  
Over Time

This article examines socioeconomic mobility across three generations in Sweden from 1815 and until 2011. Using longitudinal micro-level data from the Scanian Economic-Demographic Database (SEDD), we examine the transmission of socio-economic status along three different dimensions; social class (HISCLASS), occupational status (HISCAM), and earnings. We demonstrate an association between grandfathers' class or occupational status and the outcome of grandsons, when controlling for the association between fathers and sons. The associations remain stable over time and are stronger for paternal grandfathers than for maternal. For earnings, we find no grandparental association.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Socio-Economic Status of Households in Southern Punjab

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-331
Author(s):  
Salyha Zulfiqar Ali Shah ◽  
Imran Sharif Chaudhry ◽  
Fatima Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Household Head ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
The Government

The Households having low socio-economic status possess less resource in term of wealth and income to resist against any kind of external shocks. Apart from heath shocks (physical and mental disabilities) there are numerous other factors that force them to follow subsistence life style having low per capita income. A primary level data has been collected to examine the socio economic status of households in Southern Punjab for the year 2019.The findings show that household size, occupation, dependency ratio, mental disability and physical disability are negatively affecting economic development across the region. However, age, education of the household head, own house, spouse ‘s participation, remittances, number of earners in the household and value of physical assets are increasing economic development in Southern Punjab. Developing strategies, adequate planning and their timely implementation is very crucial for the government to pursue the process of economic growth and development of the poor countries like Pakistan.

scholarly journals Associations between Socio-Economic Status and Unfavorable Social Indicators of Child Wellbeing; a Neighbourhood Level Data Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12661
Author(s):  
Minke R. C. van Minde ◽  
Marlou L. A. de Kroon ◽  
Meertien K. Sijpkens ◽  
Hein Raat ◽  
Eric A. P. Steegers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Cubic Splines ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Child Wellbeing ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Health Differences

Background: Living in deprivation is related to ill health. Differences in health outcomes between neighbourhoods may be attributed to neighbourhood socio-economic status (SES). Additional to differences in health, neighbourhood differences in child wellbeing could also be attributed to neighbourhood SES. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between neighbourhood deprivation, and social indicators of child wellbeing. Methods: Aggregated data from 3565 neighbourhoods in 390 municipalities in the Netherlands were eligible for analysis. Neighbourhood SES scores and neighbourhood data on social indicators of child wellbeing were used to perform repeated measurements, with one year measurement intervals, over a period of 11 years. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the associations between SES score and the proportion of unfavorable social indicators of child wellbeing. Results: After adjustment for year, population size, and clustering within neighbourhoods and within a municipality, neighbourhood SES was inversely associated with the proportion of ‘children living in families on welfare’ (estimates with two cubic splines: −3.59 [CI: −3.99; −3.19], and −3.00 [CI: −3.33; −2.67]), ‘delinquent youth’ (estimate −0.26 [CI: −0.30; −0.23]) and ‘unemployed youth’ (estimates with four cubic splines: −0.41 [CI: −0.57; −0.25], −0.58 [CI: −0.73; −0.43], −1.35 [−1.70; −1.01], and −0.96 [1.24; −0.70]). Conclusions: In this study using repeated measurements, a lower neighbourhood SES was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of unfavorable social indicators of child wellbeing. This contributes to the body of evidence that neighbourhood SES is strongly related to child health and a child’s ability to reach its full potential in later life. Future studies should consist of larger longitudinal datasets, potentially across countries, and should attempt to take the interpersonal variation into account with more individual-level data on SES and outcomes.

scholarly journals Income Inequality and Household Labor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Schneider ◽  
Orestes P Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Remarkable Change ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Domestic Outsourcing

Income inequality has increased dramatically in the United States since the mid 1970s. This remarkable change in the distribution of household income has spurred a great deal of research on the social and economic consequences of exposure to high inequality. However, the empirical record on the effects of income inequality is mixed. In this paper, we suggest that previous research has generally overlooked a simple but important pathway through which inequality might manifest in daily life: inequality shapes the ability of women to outsource domestic labor by hiring others to perform it. One important venue where such dynamics might then manifest is in time spent on housework and in particular in the time divide in housework between women of high and low socio-economic status. We combine micro-data from the 2003-2013 American Time Use Survey with area-level data on income inequality to show the class divide in housework time between women with a college degree and from high earning households and women of lower socio-economic status is wider in more unequal places. We further assess whether this gap can be explained by domestic outsourcing by combining micro-data from the 2003-2013 Consumer Expenditure Survey with area-level inequality and show that the gap in spending for household services between households of high and low socio-economic status also increases in contexts of higher inequality.

Group Differences in Dyslexia Screening Test scores Between 8- and 9-Year-old Dutch and Immigrant Children

2010 ◽  
Vol 84-85 ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Anick Verpalen ◽  
Fons van de Vijver
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cultural Bias ◽  
Item Bias ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
Linguistic Influences

The prevalence of dyslexia is 4-5% in the Netherlands. A well known instrument for measuring the risk for dyslexia is the Dyslexia Screening Test (DST). This study addresses cultural bias in the DST in a sample of 63 Dutch and 53 immigrant fifth-graders. A positive relationship between DST scores, word lexicon and socio-economic status was found. Although DST scores did not show group differences in risk indicators, a comparison of subtest scores showed that confounding cultural and linguistic influences complicated the identification of at risk children. Differences were only found in the subtests naming letters, naming pictures and verbal fluency. Probably, these differences are caused by bias, because of the specific cultural and linguistic character of these subtests. It was concluded that cultural bias (both construct and item bias) challenges the validity of the DST for assessment in multicultural groups.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sales and Evidence from Micro Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Yi Guo ◽  
Yangxiaoteng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Cost Model ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Retail Sales ◽  
Product Level ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Menu Cost ◽  
Micro Level

The concept of menu cost indicates that firms are facing a fixed menu cost when they want to change the nominal prices. However, the standard menu cost model is hardly to explain the observed facts from micro-level data, especially in terms of sales. In this paper, we investigate the effect of sales through a novel product-level dataset. There are at least three findings from our estimation results. First, we find that retail sales themselves, rather than price decreases, have a large effect on consumers’ purchases. Second, consumers are more prices sensitive when the product is on sale than they are when the product is not on sale. Third, consumers are far more aware of price decreases than price increases.

scholarly journals Spatial Relationships Between Socio-Economic Status And Sources of Hazardous Air Pollution in the City of Toronto, Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bradford Shock
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Industrial Air Pollution ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Dissemination Area ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The City

This research paper identifies and characterizes areas in the City of Toronto that may be impacted by facilities that emit air pollutants. The impacted areas were isolated using a combination of K-Means cluster analysis and kernel density estimation to determine whether disparity in socio-economic status can be correlated with the location of these facilities. Dissemination Area (DA) level data from the 2006 Canadian Census were evaluated against pollution data provided by Environment Canada’s 2006 National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) database. A total of 67 socio-economic variables from the 2006 Statistics Canada census were analysed. The City of Toronto’s 3,577 DAs were assigned to one of two cluster groups: Underprivileged Areas, or Areas of Affluence. The DAs represented by the two cluster groups were then analyzed alongside the NPRI pollution data, which had been developed into generalized concentration ranges using a 5km search radius. Although the Areas of Affluence cluster contains 15% more facilities (141) than the Underprivileged Areas (104), the latter are generally impacted by higher concentrations of a more diverse range of pollution. For example, a larger percent of Toronto residents living in Underprivileged Areas are exposed to the highest concentrations of total emissions, heavy metals, miscellaneous compounds, and non-carcinogenic emissions when compared to the population of DAs designated as Areas of Affluence. Conversely, a larger percent of residents living in Areas of Affluence are generally exposed to the highest concentrations of volatile organic compounds and carcinogenic emissions. The findings suggest an environmental justice concern, with respect to industrial air pollution within the City of Toronto.

scholarly journals Gender Discrimination in Nepal: Does It Vary Across Socio-Demographics?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Gupta ◽  
Poonam Kumari Kanu ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Lamsal
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
Gender Research ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Gender discrimination is a pressing issue in gender research across the globe, including Nepal. The Government of Nepal has taken several measures against gender discrimination at all levels, but prevalence of gender discrimination is still evident. In this backdrop, this paper examined the prevalence of gender discrimination in Nepal by socio-demographic status. Micro-level data generated by Nepal National Governance Survey 2017/18 was used, and analyzed employing a logistic regression model. The results showed that the experience of gender-based discrimination is varied by socio-demographic factors. Gender, age, urban/rural, education, and economic status all have an impact on gender discrimination in Nepal. Hence, it is time to intervene in these factors to achieve the goal of gender justice.

scholarly journals Importance of Urban Factor and Selected Socio-Economic Variables in the Differentiation of Coordination Motor Abilities Level (CMA)

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Janusz Jaworski ◽  
Eligiusz Madejski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
The City

Importance of Urban Factor and Selected Socio-Economic Variables in the Differentiation of Coordination Motor Abilities Level (CMA)Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the urban factor and socio-economic status on selected coordination motor abilities of non-practicing physical education female students. Material and methods. The research covered 83 female students aged 20.6±0.8 SD years. Data on place of residence and socio-economic status of respondents were collected through a survey. The study of coordination motor abilities was carried out by a special computer application using for this purpose a "tablet" with touch screen. Assessment of the size, scope and direction of differentiation between the groups was made on the basis of standardized inter-group differences. Results. The inter-group differences were presented in the surveyed female students' coordination motor abilities, depending on the urban factor and socio-economic status. The gradient of these changes was as follows: the city over 25 thousand population > city of 25 thousand population > small town. The scale of differentiation was dependent on the type of tested abilities and the environmental factor. Conclusion. Gradient of observed changes could be caused by, e.g. more environmental stimuli stimulating the nervous system in the earlier periods of development of the female students from larger urban clusters and families with higher socio-economic status.

scholarly journals Gaps in protest activities between natives and individuals of migrant origin in Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Pilati
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Political Incorporation ◽  
Segmented Assimilation ◽  
Micro Data ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Citizenship Regime ◽  
Cross National

This article explores gaps in protest engagement between natives and individuals of migrant origin in European cities. It examines migrant–native gaps and second generation–native gaps by associating them with different sources of inequalities: differential individual socio-economic status resources, differential attitudes, and differential characteristics related to migration; differential effects of such factors for natives and for individuals of migrant origin; and differential contexts offering varying opportunities of participation. The study uses cross-national micro-data from a population survey of immigrant-origin individuals and natives in 9 European cities undertaken in 2004–2008. The findings show that observed inequalities in protest participation involving migrants and second generations are largely based on different levels of education attained and of political interest. Some migration-related characteristics, like holding the citizenship of the host country and experienced discrimination, affect protest gaps as well. In addition, results support the claimed importance of the context where individuals of migrant origin settle, in particular, of the characteristics of the citizenship regime. Finally, our findings support a segmented assimilation hypothesis whereby different socio-economic modes of incorporation of ethnic groups in the host cities affect different trajectories of political incorporation.

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