A comparison of the heart and muscle total lipid and fatty acid profiles of nine large shark species from the east coast of South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Davidson ◽  
Jonathan Sidell ◽  
Jeffrey Rhodes ◽  
Geremy Cliff
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles

scholarly journals Monitoring of Biochemical Compounds and Fatty Acid in Marine Microalgae from the East Coast of Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-347
Author(s):  
Kwanchayanawish MACHANA ◽  
Amonrat KANOKRUNG ◽  
Sirinart SRICHAN ◽  
Boonyadist VONGSAK ◽  
Maliwan KUTAKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Ft Ir

Determinations of fatty acid profiles of five microalgae; Amphora sp., Chaetoceros sp., Melosira sp., Bellerochae sp., and Lithodesmium sp., from the east coast of Thailand were evaluated by conventional Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results exhibited that the fatty acids suitable for biodiesel production were the most frequent entities encountered in all microalgae profiles. The GC chromatogram of fatty acid profiles in microalgae showed that both Amphora sp. and Chaetoceros sp. comprised essential omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, this study assessed whether Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy could be used to evaluate and monitor the biochemical compositions of microalgae, including lipid, carbohydrate, and protein profiles, by using colorimetric methods. Results showed that FT-IR spectra combined with biochemical values of lipid, carbohydrate, and protein contents were used as predictive models generated by partial least square (PLS) regression. Cross-validation of the lipid, protein, and carbohydrate models showed high degrees of statistical accuracy with RMSECV values of approximately 0.5 - 3.22 %, and a coefficient of regression between the actual and predicted values of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins were 92.66, 95.73, and 96.43 %, respectively. The RPD values were all high (> 3), indicating good predictive accuracy. This study suggested that FT-IR could be a tool for the simultaneous measurement of microalgae composition of biochemical contents in microalgae cells.

scholarly journals Interannual variability in the lipid and fatty acid profiles of east Australia-migrating humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) across a 10-year timeline

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Groß ◽  
Patti Virtue ◽  
Peter D. Nichols ◽  
Pascale Eisenmann ◽  
Courtney A. Waugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Prey Item ◽  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Humpback Whales ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Southern hemisphere humpback whales are classified as high-fidelity Antarctic krill consumers and as such are vulnerable to variability and long-term changes in krill biomass. Evidence of heterogeneous feeding patterns of east coast of Australia migrating humpback whales has been observed, warranting a comprehensive assessment of interannual variability in their diet. We examined the lipid and fatty acid profiles of individuals of the east coast of Australia migrating stock sampled between 2008 and 2018. The use of live-sampled blubber biopsies showed that fatty acid profiles varied significantly among all years. The two trophic indicator fatty acids for Antarctic krill, 20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3 remained largely unchanged across the 10-year period, suggesting that Antarctic krill is the principal prey item. A distance-based linear model showed that 33% of the total variation in fatty acid profiles was explained by environmental variables and climate indices. Most of the variation was explained by the Southern Annular Mode (23.7%). The high degree of variability observed in this study was unexpected for a species that is thought to feed primarily on one prey item. We propose that the observed variability likely arises from changes in the diet of Antarctic krill rather than changes in the whale’s diet.

scholarly journals FATTY ACID PROFILES OF CYCLOPOID COPEPOD NAUPLII Apocyclops panamensis AND THE EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Gede Suwarthama Sumiarsa ◽  
Ronald P. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Cyclopoid Copepod ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles

<p>Lipid and fatty acid profiles were described for copepod nauplii Apocy clops panamensis from fertilized brackish water ponds, and after being acclimated to fullsea water salinity. Mean total lipid content of copepod nauplii collected from ponds fertilized with inorganic fertilizer combined either with alfalfa meal, rice bran, wheat bran, and a combination of these fertilizers ranged from 5.66 ± 0.15 to 7.76% ± 0.27%. Non-polar (neutral) lipid fraction of pond copepod nauplii was a significantly higher percentage of the total lipid content (74.5 ± 1.8 - 93.5% ± 1.0%) compared to those of polar lipid (6.5 ± 1.0 - 21.3% ± 1.8%) (P= 0.000). DHA/EPA ratio in neutral lipids ranged from 1.8 ± 0.2 - 2.0 ± 0.1 with no significant differences in three fertilization regimes. DHA was 27.5% ± 0.56% of the neutral lipids and EPA 14.8% ± 0.8%. Acclimation of copepod nauplii for six hours from brackish to full-sea water salinity reduced their lipid content and individual dry weight significantly. Mean total lipid content was reduced 44.2%, non-polar lipid was reduced 46.9% and polar lipid was reduced 24.4%. Acclimation altered the DHA/EPA ratio, in the neutral fraction the ratio increased 26.3% but in the polar fraction it decreased 25%.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative Health-Related Fatty Acid Profiles, Atherogenicity and Desaturase Indices of Marula Seed Cake Products from South Africa and Eswatini

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doctor Mziwenkosi Nhlanhla Mthiyane ◽  
Arno Hugo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
South African ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Composite Samples ◽  
Improve Health

Marula seed cake (MSC) is a nutritionally-rich natural feed resource that can enhance the healthiness of animal-derived foods (ADFs) for human consumption. This study compared the health-related fatty acid (FA) profiles of MSC products from South Africa and Eswatini. Composite samples monthly collected from both countries were analysed for FAs. MSC products from both countries were found to be dominated by oleic acid (&gt;70%), followed by palmitic, linoleic and stearic acids. Consequently, both products had their FA totals dominated by ƩMUFA followed by ƩSFA, ƩPUFA, Ʃn-6 PUFA and Ʃn-3 PUFA. Both oleic and stearic acids were higher (P &lt; 0.01) whilst linoleic (P &lt; 0.001), &alpha;-linolenic (P &lt; 0.05), margaric (P &lt; 0.05), palmitoleic (P &lt; 0.05) and eicosatrienoic (P &lt; 0.05) acids were lower in South African in comparison to Eswatini MSC. Consequently, South African MSC had higher ƩMUFA (P &lt; 0.01) but lower ƩPUFA (P &lt; 0.001), Ʃn-6 PUFA (P &lt; 0.001) and Ʃn-3 PUFA (P &lt; 0.05). Also, Eswatini MSC had higher n-6 : n-3 PUFA, PUFA : SFA (P = 0.001) and PUFA : MUFA (P &lt; 0.05) ratios. Further, MSC products from both countries had similarly (P &gt; 0.05) low atherogenicity and high desaturase indices. In conclusion, both country products are rich particularly in oleic acid and their incorporation into farm animal diets would increase content of the MUFA in ADFs and, consequently, improve health benefits to human consumers.

scholarly journals FemaleLeuciscus lepidusMay Be a New Alternative for Fish Oil Supplements

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Cakmak ◽  
Aynur Altuntas ◽  
Veli Ugurcu ◽  
Hacı Kemal Erdemli ◽  
Sumeyya Akyol
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Triacylglycerol Analysis

The proximate composition of male and femaleLeuciscus lepidusin Beyşehir Lake was investigated. The fatty acid profiles of total lipid, phospholipid, and triacylglycerol in muscle and liver of male and femaleL. lepiduswere evaluated by gas chromatography. Proximate analyses showed that meat of male and femaleL. lepidushad 15.13 ± 0.04 and 18.75 ± 0.11% fat, 20.42 ± 0.45 and 22.21 ± 0.56% protein, 65.47 ± 1.37 and 61.28 ± 1.03% moisture, and 1.51 ± 0.05 and 1.50 ± 0.03% ash, respectively. The percentage of total saturated fatty acids was higher in liver than in muscle, whereas the total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content was the lowest in all fatty acid profiles. The phospholipids contained more PUFAs than triacylglycerol. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences (P<0.05) between male (47.51%) and female (49.98%) muscle PUFAs in total lipid. The proportion of omega 3 (ω3) to omega 6 (ω6) fatty acids of total lipid was 3.15 in male and 3.68 in female. The ratio is an important indicator for comparing the value of fish oil. Therefore, it was concluded thatL. lepiduswas considered to be a high quality product for healthy food choice. Additionally, femaleL. lepidusmay especially be used to produce fish oil supplements from freshwater fish combined with vegetable oils.

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