scholarly journals Does the freshwater mussel Anodonta anatina remove the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare from water?

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Hajisafarali ◽  
Sari Aaltonen ◽  
Katja Pulkkinen ◽  
Jouni Taskinen
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Algal Cell ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
The Common ◽  
Foot Position

AbstractGlobal decline of freshwater mussels (Unionoida) is threatening biodiversity and the essential ecosystem services that mussels provide. As filter-feeding organisms, freshwater mussels remove phytoplankton and suspended particles from the water. By filtering bacteria, freshwater mussels also decrease pathogen loads in the water. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the common freshwater bivalve Anodonta anatina (duck mussel) could remove the bacterial fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare from the water. Mussels reduced bacteria in both of the two experiments performed, so that the bacterial concentration at the end of the 96-h monitoring in mussel treatments was only 0.3–0.5 times that of the controls. Surprisingly, mussels did not reduce algal cell concentration statistically significantly. Mussel behavior (shell openness, foot position, and movement) was not affected by the presence of bacteria or algae, except for biodeposition formation, which was greatest in algal-fed treatments, followed by bacterial-fed treatments and controls, respectively. The intestines of bacteria-incubated A. anatina harbored F. columnare, suggesting that mussels ingested the bacteria. Present results suggest that freshwater mussels may also have a potential to mitigate aquaculture pathogen problems, as well as play a role in water quality management.

Recirculation versus flow-through rainbow trout laboratory Flavobacterium columnare challenge

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
C Birkett ◽  
R Lipscomb ◽  
T Moreland ◽  
T Leeds ◽  
JP Evenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Replacement Rate ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Water Replacement ◽  
Dose Concentration ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
And Control

Flavobacterium columnare immersion challenges are affected by water-related environmental parameters and thus are difficult to reproduce. Whereas these challenges are typically conducted using flow-through systems, use of a recirculating challenge system to control environmental parameters may improve reproducibility. We compared mortality, bacterial concentration, and environmental parameters between flow-through and recirculating immersion challenge systems under laboratory conditions using 20 rainbow trout families. Despite identical dose concentration (1:75 dilution), duration of challenge, lot of fish, and temperature, average mortality in the recirculating system (42%) was lower (p < 0.01) compared to the flow-through system (77%), and there was low correlation (r = 0.24) of family mortality. Mean days to death (3.25 vs. 2.99 d) and aquaria-to-aquaria variation (9.6 vs. 10.4%) in the recirculating and flow-through systems, respectively, did not differ (p ≥ 0.30). Despite 10-fold lower water replacement rate in the recirculating (0.4 exchanges h-1) compared to flow-through system (4 exchanges h-1), differences in bacterial concentration between the 2 systems were modest (≤0.6 orders of magnitude) and inconsistent throughout the 21 d challenge. Compared to the flow-through system, dissolved oxygen during the 1 h exposure and pH were greater (p ≤ 0.02), and calcium and hardness were lower (p ≤ 0.03), in the recirculating system. Although this study was not designed to test effects of specific environmental parameters on mortality, it demonstrates that the cumulative effects of these parameters result in poor reproducibility. A recirculating immersion challenge model may be warranted to empirically identify and control environmental parameters affecting mortality and thus may serve as a more repeatable laboratory challenge model.

Elemental composition of mantle tissue granules in Hyridella depressa (Unionida) from the Hawkesbury-Nepean River system, Australia: inferences from catchment chemistry

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Byrne ◽  
Peter A. Vesk
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
River System ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Mantle Tissue ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Common ◽  
Australian Freshwater ◽  
River Site

The Australian freshwater mussel Hyridella depressa sequesters elements in calcium phosphate (CaP) granules that form extensive aggregations in its tissues. Elements contained in these granules were determined by X-ray microanalysis of river and lake mussels from the Hawkesbury–Nepean River system, New South Wales. Granules in freeze-substituted mantle tissue were analysed to determine the variation in element profiles in granules among mussels and among sites. For the common elements Ca, P, Fe, Mg and Mn, granule composition reflected catchment lithology and site trophic status and indicated exogenous input. These were most important for differentiation among lake sites and also indicated differences between lake and river mussels. Site differences seen with some common elements in granules from lake mussels correlated with differences in water chemistry. Trace elements, particularly Al, Cu, Zn and Pb, were also important in lake and river site differentiation. The granules play a major role in element dynamics in freshwater mussel tissues and provide a focal structure for direct analysis of element accumulation by these bivalves. The results indicate that characterization of element content of granules in mussel populations would provide valuable insights into animal–element interactions in freshwater systems for ecological and ecotoxicological investigations.

scholarly journals Rich resource environment of fish farms facilitates phenotypic variation and virulence in an opportunistic fish pathogen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Pulkkinen ◽  
Tarmo Ketola ◽  
Jouni Laakso ◽  
Johanna Mappes ◽  
Lotta-Riina Sundberg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Host Environment

SummaryPhenotypic variation allows adaptation of opportunistic pathogens to variable conditions in the outside-host environment with strong effects on their epidemiology and pathogenicity in hosts. Here we found that the isolates of an opportunistic fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare from fish farming environment had higher phenotypic variation between two morphotypes in growth, as compared to the isolates from the natural water environment. The rough morphotypes had higher growth rate than the rhizoid morphotypes especially in the higher resource concentrations and in the higher temperature, but only if the isolate was originating from the fish farms. Rhizoid morphotype was more virulent than the rough type regardless of their origin. However, the virulence of the rough type increased sharply with the size of the fish, and the bacterial isolates from the gills of diseased fish were rhizoid type, indicating a reversal of the rough morphotype into rhizoid in contact with the fish. The high growth rate of the rough morphotype combined with the morphotype reversibility could increase the probability of columnaris epidemics at fish farms. Our findings suggest that intensive farming imposes different selection pressures on bacterial survival in the outside-host environment and its transmission compared to the natural water environment.

scholarly journals Morphology and distribution of the freshwater mussel Diplodon granosus, a rare and poorly understood species

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Christo MIYAHIRA ◽  
Maria Cristina Dreher MANSUR ◽  
Daniel Mansur PIMPÃO ◽  
Sheyla Regina Marques COUCEIRO ◽  
Sonia Barbosa dos SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Rivers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time

ABSTRACT Diplodon granosus was one of the first freshwater mussels to be described for South America. However, the status of the species was confusing for a long time, receiving different taxonomic treatments. In this paper, we redescribe the shell, with new data on the soft parts and information on the distribution and conservation of D. granosus, a rarely recorded species. The shell is thin, not inflated; the macrosculpture is composed only by granules that cover the whole shell, not forming bars; the microsculpture comprises short spikes. In the soft parts we highlight the few, weak and irregularly distributed lamellar connections of the outer demibranch and some features of the stomach, such as the distally enlarged minor typhlosole. There are records of D. granosus over a large area of South America, from Guiana to Argentina. However, most of these records are related to other species and the distribution of D. granosus is restricted to the north of South America in the basins of the Amazonas and Orinoco rivers, and coastal rivers in between. Despite this wide distribution, the species occurs in specific habitats, mainly streams (igarapés), resulting in an extremely fragmented occurrence. Thus, any disturbance to these habitats can threat this freshwater mussel.

Characterization of Patients with Primary Peroneus Longus Tendinopathy: a Review of Twenty-Two Cases

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 462-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton B Brandes ◽  
Ronald W Smith
Keyword(s):  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Arch Height ◽  
Peroneus Longus ◽  
Metatarsal Angle ◽  
Partial Tears ◽  
The Common ◽  
Peroneus Brevis ◽  
Foot Position

Between 1985 and 1996 we treated 22 patients with a diagnosis of PLT which was confirmed by MRI and/or surgery. This review identifies the shared clinical traits and associated pathology of our patients. Clinically, 82% of the patients had a cavo-varus hindfoot position. This finding was supported by measurements of the calcaneal pitch angle and the calcaneal-1st metatarsal angle which both showed the patients in this study to be in the 90th percentile for the general population for arch height. The combined MRI and surgical findings revealed injury to the peroneus longus at the cuboid notch in 17 of 22 cases. The subgroup of surgical findings demonstrated that all 6 complete tears occured at the cuboid notch, while 8 of 9 (89%) of the partial tears involved the region of the lateral calcaneal process. In addition, the surgical findings showed 7 of the cases (33%) to have associated peroneus brevis tendon involvement, with an increased incidence when the longus pathology occurred at the cuboid notch. The findings predicated by MRI correlated well with the surgical findings, but there was a tendency for MRI to predict a more severe level of pathology. A grading system developed to compare the MRI and surgical findings is presented. This study facilitates making the diagnosis of PLT by drawing attention to the common characteristic of the cavo-varus foot position and the common locations of tendon injury.

scholarly journals Growth pattern of freshwater bivalve mollusk Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819) from the northwest Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
DA Nahar ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
S Jasmine ◽  
MMR Mondol
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Sustainable Fishery

Growth, morphometry and length-weight relationships of the freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819) was studied during January 2014 and May 2015. Sampling was carried out monthly and a total of 560 specimens were collected from Rajshahi district, northwest of Bangladesh. The recorded length -breadth and length-width relationships were B = 0.179 + 0.475L and W = 0.196 + 0.3163L respectively. The length-total weight, length-wet tissue weight, length-dry tissue weight, length-shell weight, length-dry shell weight relationships were W = 0.1241L2.9066, W = 0.0524L2.7377, W =0.0116L2.7849, W = 0.0533L2.9178 and W = 0.0391L3.0386 respectively. Monthly b values of length-lengths and length-weights relationships indicated a negative allometric growth pattern except length-shell weights relationships which showed an isometric growth of the mussel. This study is the first report on growth pattern of Lamellidens marginalis from Bangladesh and the results would be useful for fishery managers to impose adequate regulations for a sustainable fishery management of this species in the freshwater ecosystem in Bangladesh. J. bio-sci. 27: 121-132, 2019

scholarly journals An insight into the structure, composition and hardness of a biological material: the shell of freshwater mussels

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (49) ◽  
pp. 29543-29554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Chakraborty ◽  
Saida Parveen ◽  
Dipak Kr. Chanda ◽  
Gautam Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Mussel Shells ◽  
Insight Into

Freshwater mussel shells: prospects as multifunctional biological material.

X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of Trace Metals in the Annual Growth Layers of Freshwater Mussel Shells

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 665-670
Author(s):  
William E. Maddox ◽  
Leon Duobinis-Gray ◽  
David A. Owen ◽  
James B. Sickel
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Freshwater Mussels ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Filter Feeders ◽  
Mussel Shells

Freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) are filter feeders that are relatively immobile, widely distributed and are known to concentrate trace metals in their shells (1,2,3). These characteristics make them good candidates for monitoring metal pollution in lakes and rivers. Another characteristic of mussels that make them particularly attractive as pollution monitors is the fact the shell is deposited in distinctive, annual growth layers. The concentrations of metals in these shell layers may provide a history ol the metals present in the environment where the mussel was collected.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium columnare Strain B185, Originating from Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne J. Ravantti ◽  
Elina Laanto ◽  
Petri Papponen ◽  
Lotta-Riina Sundberg
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare ◽  
Fish Pathogen ◽  
Sequencing Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pacbio Rs Ii ◽  
Circular Genome

We report a complete genome sequence of a Finnish isolate of the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare. Using PacBio RS II sequencing technology, the complete circular genome of F. columnare strain B185 with 3,261,404 bp was obtained.

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