scholarly journals Multicomponent fractionation of Saccharina latissima brown algae using chelating salt solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 2561-2574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sterner ◽  
Ulrica Edlund
Keyword(s):  
Brown Algae ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Salt Solutions

scholarly journals Effects of Fucoidans from Five Different Brown Algae on Oxidative Stress and VEGF Interference in Ocular Cells

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Dörschmann ◽  
Kaya Saskia Bittkau ◽  
Sandesh Neupane ◽  
Johann Roider ◽  
Susanne Alban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Competitive Binding Assay ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Oxidative Stress Protection

Background: Fucoidans are interesting for potential usage in ophthalmology, and especially age-related macular degeneration. However, fucoidans from different species may vary in their effects. Here, we compare fucoidans from five algal species in terms of oxidative stress protection and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) interference in ocular cells. Methods: Brown algae (Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus distichus subsp. evanescens, Fucus serratus, Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima) were harvested and fucoidans isolated by hot-water extraction. Fucoidans were tested in several concentrations (1, 10, 50, and 100 µg/mL). Effects were measured on a uveal melanoma cell line (OMM-1) (oxidative stress), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell line ARPE19 (oxidative stress and VEGF), and primary RPE cells (VEGF). Oxidative stress was induced by H2O2 or tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Cell viability was investigated with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT or MTS) assay, and VEGF secretion with ELISA. Affinity to VEGF was determined by a competitive binding assay. Results: All fucoidans protected OMM-1 from oxidative stress. However, in ARPE19, only fucoidan from Saccharina latissima was protective. The affinity to VEGF of all fucoidans was stronger than that of heparin, and all reduced VEGF secretion in ARPE19. In primary RPE, only the fucoidan from Saccharina latissima was effective. Conclusion: Among the fucoidans from five different species, Saccharina latissima displayed the most promising results concerning oxidative stress protection and reduction of VEGF secretion.

scholarly journals Physical and oxidative stability of n‐3 delivery emulsions added seaweed‐based polysaccharide extracts from Nordic brown algae Saccharina latissima

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte B. Hermund ◽  
Ioanna Anagnostara ◽  
Xiaoru Hou ◽  
Maria Dalgaard Mikkelsen ◽  
Nanna Rhein‐Knudsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Saccharina Latissima

scholarly journals Screening of Bioactive Properties in Brown Algae from the Northwest Iberian Peninsula

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1915
Author(s):  
Aurora Silva ◽  
Carla Rodrigues ◽  
Paula Garcia-Oliveira ◽  
Catarina Lourenço-Lopes ◽  
Sofia A. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Wide Range

Algae are an underexploited source of natural bioactive compounds in Western countries, so an increasing interest in the valorization of these marine organisms has emerged in recent years. In this work, the effect of extracting solvent on the extraction yield, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity of nine brown macroalgae species (Ascophyllum nodosum, Himanthalia elongata, Undaria pinnatifida, Pelvetia canaliculata, Saccharina latissima, Bifurcaria bifurcata, Laminaria ochroleuca, Sargassum muticum, and Fucus spiralis) was assessed. Total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant properties of extracts by different assays: radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were performed. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was studied against six different foodborne microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest extraction yield was achieved in ethanolic extracts. However, the highest TPC and FRAP values were obtained on the ethyl acetate extracts, especially from A. nodosum. Concerning algal species, the highest TPC and FRAP values were found in A. nodosum, while the highest DPPH-RSA values were achieved in the hexane extracts of B. bifurcata. The antimicrobial activity of algal extracts varied according to the solvent and alga selected, suggesting the species- and solvent-dependent behavior of this property, with B. bifurcata extracts showing the highest results for a wide range of bacteria. Our results provide insight on the characterization of widespread brown algae in the coasts of the North-Western region of the Iberian Peninsula, reflecting multiple health-enhancing properties which may lead to their exploitation in food, pharmacological, and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Physical and oxidative stability of n-3 delivery emulsions added seaweed-based polysaccharide extracts from Nordic brown algae Saccharina latissima

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditte Hermund ◽  
Ioanna Anagnostara ◽  
Xiaoru Hou ◽  
Maria Mikkelsen ◽  
Nanna Rhein-Knudsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Droplet Size Distribution ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
G Ratio

Enriching foods with long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) requires a delivery emulsion system, which is both thermodynamically and oxidatively stable. The antioxidant and stabilizing properties of three types of polysaccharide extracts from brown algae Saccharina latissima with mixed composition of polysaccharides (SA: 98% Sodium alginate, SF: 90% alginate and 9% fucoidan, SL: 14.5% fucoidan, 9.5% laminarin and co-extracted non-polysaccharides) were evaluated. SA, SF, SL and REF (added commercial sodium alginate) all showed in vitro ferrous ion chelating ability in the order: SA(99%)>SL(78%)>REF(31%)>SF(16%). The difference in antioxidant activity between SA, REF and SF appeared related to structural differences of alginate (M/G ratio). A storage trial was conducted using 70% (w/w) fish oil-in-water delivery emulsions added sodium caseinate (NaCas) (0.23 wt%) as emulsifier in combination with SA, SF, SL or commercial NaAlg (REF) in different concentrations (C1=0.1, C2=0.2 C3=0.3 and C4=0.4 wt%). A control with only NaCas were included (CON). The physical (e.g. creaming and droplet-size distribution) and oxidative (peroxide value and volatiles) stability of the emulsions, were evaluated (12 days, dark at 20˚C). Acceptable physical stability (creaming index, CI) was found for, REF (all concentrations), SF=0.2 wt% (C2), SL and SA=0.3 wt% (C3) and 0.4 wt% (C4). In general, the oxidative stability decreased by adding REF, SA and SF (except for REF at C1), as prooxidant activity was observed. However, SA showed antioxidant activity against formation of 2-ethylfuran. SL showed antioxidant activity in decreasing formation of volatile compounds in emulsions when added in concentrations above 0.2 wt%.

scholarly journals Underpinning the Development of Seaweed Biotechnology: Cryopreservation of Brown Algae (Saccharina latissima) Gametophytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Visch ◽  
Cecilia Rad-Menéndez ◽  
Göran M. Nylund ◽  
Henrik Pavia ◽  
Matthew J. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Algae ◽  
Saccharina Latissima

Isomorphous replacement in electron diffraction of wet crystals of rat hemoglobin

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 446-447
Author(s):  
William F. Tivol ◽  
Murray Vernon King ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Heavy Atom ◽  
Isomorphous Substitution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Isomorphous Replacement ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Diffraction Structure ◽  
The Mean

Feasibility of isomorphous substitution in electron diffraction is supported by a calculation of the mean alteration of the electron-diffraction structure factors for hemoglobin crystals caused by substituting two mercury atoms per molecule, following Green, Ingram & Perutz, but with allowance for the proportionality of f to Z3/4 for electron diffraction. This yields a mean net change in F of 12.5%, as contrasted with 22.8% for x-ray diffraction.Use of the hydration chamber in electron diffraction opens prospects for examining many proteins that yield only very thin crystals not suitable for x-ray diffraction. Examination in the wet state avoids treatments that could cause translocation of the heavy-atom labels or distortion of the crystal. Combined with low-fluence techniques, it enables study of the protein in a state as close to native as possible.We have undertaken a study of crystals of rat hemoglobin by electron diffraction in the wet state. Rat hemoglobin offers a certain advantage for hydration-chamber work over other hemoglobins in that it can be crystallized from distilled water instead of salt solutions.

Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

Pyrolysis of brown algae (Bifurcaria Bifurcata) in a stainless steel tubular reactor: From a review to a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Guida ◽  
F. E. Laghchioua ◽  
A. Hannioui
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Bifurcaria Bifurcata ◽  
Bio Oil

This article deals with fast pyrolysis of brown algae, such as Bifurcaria Bifurcata at the range of temperature 300–800 °C in a stainless steel tubular reactor. After a literature review on algae and its importance in renewable sector, a case study was done on pyrolysis of brown algae especially, Bifurcaria Bifurcata. The aim was to experimentally investigate how the temperature, the particle size, the nitrogen flow rate (N2) and the heating rate affect bio-oil, bio-char and gaseous products. These parameters were varied in the ranges of 5–50 °C/min, below 0.2–1 mm and 20–200 mL. min–1, respectively. The maximum bio-oil yield of 41.3wt% was obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, particle size between 0.2–0.5 mm, nitrogen flow rate (N2) of 100 mL. min–1 and heating rate of 5 °C/min. Liquid product obtained under the most suitable and optimal condition was characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, FT-IR and GC-MS. The analysis of bio-oil showed that bio-oil from Bifurcaria Bifurcata could be a potential source of renewable fuel production and value added chemicals.

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