Soil water affects transpiration response to rainfall and vapor pressure deficit in poplar plantation

New Forests ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Tonggang Zha ◽  
Kangle Mo ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Poplar Plantation

Transpiration Response to Vapor Pressure Deficit in Field Grown Peanut

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Balota ◽  
Steve McGrath ◽  
Thomas G. Isleib ◽  
Shyam Tallury
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Water deficit, i.e., rainfall amounts and distribution, is the most common abiotic stress that limits peanut production worldwide. Even though extensive research efforts have been made to improve drought tolerance in peanut, performance of genotypes largely depends upon the environment in which they grow. Based on greenhouse experiments, it has been hypothesized that stomata closure under high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is a mechanism of soil water conservation and it has been shown that genotypic variation for the response of transpiration rate to VPD in peanut exists. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between stomatal conductance (gs) and VPD for field grown peanut in Virginia-Carolina (VC) rainfed environments. In 2009, thirty virginia-type peanut cultivars and advanced breeding lines were evaluated for gs at several times before and after rain events, including a moisture stress episode. In 2010, eighteen genotypes were evaluated for gs under soil water deficit. In 2009, VPD ranged from 1.3 to 4.2 kPa and in 2010 from 1.78 to 3.57 kPa. Under water deficit, genotype and year showed a significant effect on gs (P  =  0.0001), but the genotype × year interaction did not. During the water deficit episodes while recorded gs values were relatively high, gs was negatively related to VPD (R2  =  0.57, n  =  180 in 2009; R2  =  0.47, n  =  108 in 2010), suggesting that stomata closure is indeed a water conservation mechanism for field grown peanut. However, a wide range of slopes among genotype were observed in both years. Genotypes with significant negative relationships of gs and VPD under water deficit in both years were Florida Fancy, Gregory, N04074FCT, NC-V11, and VA-98R. While Florida Fancy, Gregory, and NC-V11 are known to be high yielding cultivars, VA-98R and line N04074FCT are not. The benefit of stomatal closure during drought episodes in the VC environments is further discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Short-Term Exposure to High Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) Severely Impacts Durum Wheat Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in the Absence of Edaphic Water Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Dorra Fakhet ◽  
Fermín Morales ◽  
Iván Jauregui ◽  
Gorka Erice ◽  
Pedro M. Aparicio-Tejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
N Metabolism

Low atmospheric relative humidity (RH) accompanied by elevated air temperature and decreased precipitation are environmental challenges that wheat production will face in future decades. These changes to the atmosphere are causing increases in air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and low soil water availability during certain periods of the wheat-growing season. The main objective of this study was to analyze the physiological, metabolic, and transcriptional response of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolism of wheat (Triticum durum cv. Sula) to increases in VPD and soil water stress conditions, either alone or in combination. Plants were first grown in well-watered conditions and near-ambient temperature and RH in temperature-gradient greenhouses until anthesis, and they were then subjected to two different water regimes well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS), i.e., watered at 50% of the control for one week, followed by two VPD levels (low, 1.01/0.36 KPa and high, 2.27/0.62 KPa; day/night) for five additional days. Both VPD and soil water content had an important impact on water status and the plant physiological apparatus. While high VPD and water stress-induced stomatal closure affected photosynthetic rates, in the case of plants watered at 50%, high VPD also caused a direct impairment of the RuBisCO large subunit, RuBisCO activase and the electron transport rate. Regarding N metabolism, the gene expression, nitrite reductase (NIR) and transport levels detected in young leaves, as well as determinations of the δ15N and amino acid profiles (arginine, leucine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, and serine) indicated activation of N metabolism and final transport of nitrate to leaves and photosynthesizing cells. On the other hand, under low VPD conditions, a positive effect was only observed on gene expression related to the final step of nitrate supply to photosynthesizing cells, whereas the amount of 15N supplied to the roots that reached the leaves decreased. Such an effect would suggest an impaired N remobilization from other organs to young leaves under water stress conditions and low VPD.

HUMIDITY AND SOIL WATER INFLUENCE THE TRANSPIRATION RESPONSE OF MAIZE TO CO2 ENRICHMENT

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN G. BARR ◽  
K. M. KING ◽  
G. W. THURTELL ◽  
M. E. D. GRAHAM
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Water Vapor Pressure ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Leaf Conductance ◽  
High Vapor ◽  
Water Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
The Impact

The impact of increasing atmospheric CO2 on the productivity of C4 crops may vary with soil water availability. This study investigates the hypothesis that elevating CO2 in Zea mays L. reduces the degree to which transpiration is limited by soil water at high vapor pressure deficits or low soil water contents. Plants growing in controlled environments at 300 and 600 μmol mol−1 CO2 were exposed daily to five levels of vapor pressure deficit as water was withheld and the soil dried over an 8-d period. Doubling CO2 caused an overall reduction of 23% in the transpiration rate and 34% in the leaf conductance, but the effect of CO2 on transpiration and leaf conductance was greatest at high soil water content and low vapor pressure deficit, when soil water least limited transpiration. Implications for the productivity of C4 crops in the field are discussed.Key words: Maize, transpiration, carbon dioxide, soil water, vapor pressure deficit, controlled environment

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