scholarly journals Improvement of grapevine physiology and yield under summer stress by kaolin-foliar application: water relations, photosynthesis and oxidative damage

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. Dinis ◽  
A. C. Malheiro ◽  
A. Luzio ◽  
H. Fraga ◽  
H. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Summer Stress

scholarly journals Foliar Application of Zn Alleviates Salt Stress Symptoms of Pak Choi Plants by Activating Water Relations and Glucosinolate Synthesis

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Hamideh Fatemi ◽  
Micaela Carvajal ◽  
Juan José Rios
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Stress Symptoms

Several studies have related the application of micronutrients such as zinc, iron and molybdenum with alleviation of stress symptoms in horticultural plants. However, there are few studies that correlate the microelements with water relations. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of the foliar application of Zn on pak choi (Brassica campestris, L.) plants grown under saline conditions. When plants were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 or 80 mM NaCl, shoot biomass was greatly decreased, while, in a separate experiment, Zn toxicity was observed when it was applied at concentrations above 50 µM as a foliar spray. In a third experiment, low Zn applications, mainly 25 µM, enhanced parameters such as gas exchange, biomass and glucosinolates synthesis in plants grown under saline conditions (80 mM NaCl). Also, Zn application provoked a rise in membrane integrity and decreased oxidative damage in root cells. In conclusion, Zn application decreased oxidative damage and increased the content of glucosinolates, which could act as important signals to improve water uptake and transport and, as a consequence, alleviate salinity stress in pak choi plants.

Foliar application of exogenous polyamines to ameliorate drought-induced oxidative damage and physiological inhibition in Toona ciliata seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Liu ◽  
R. J. Arnold ◽  
S. Z. Yang ◽  
J. Y. Wu ◽  
Z. H. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Toona Ciliata

scholarly journals Drought Responses of Kentucky Bluegrass and Creeping Bentgrass as Affected by Abscisic Acid and Trinexapac-ethyl

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. McCann ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Vertical Growth

The plant growth regulators abscisic acid (ABA) and trinexapac-ethyl (TE) may affect turfgrass responses to drought stress through regulating shoot growth and water relations. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of foliar application of TE and ABA on turf growth of two cool-season turfgrass species, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) exposed to drought stress, and to examine water relations associated with changes in drought tolerance due to TE or ABA treatment. ‘L-93’ creeping bentgrass and ‘Brilliant’ Kentucky bluegrass plants were foliar sprayed with 0.904 mL·ha−1 a.i. TE five times before exposure to drought or with 6.75 mL/week of ABA at 100 μm before and after exposure to drought in growth chambers. Drought stress was imposed by withholding irrigation until plants were permanently wilted. Foliar application of TE or ABA maintained higher soil volumetric water content, leaf relative water content, and turf quality for a longer period of time during 28 days of stress exposure for Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass compared with the untreated control. Leaves of TE-treated and ABA-treated plants in both species also had lower ψS at 28 days of drought stress than the untreated control. Creeping bentgrass treated with TE or ABA and Kentucky bluegrass treated with TE exhibited significantly lower shoot vertical growth rates at the initiation of drought stress, but maintained higher growth rates during prolonged drought compared with the untreated control. Turf treated with TE or ABA also showed higher levels of photochemical efficiency than the untreated control for both species. Our results suggest that TE or ABA application could prolong the survival of turfgrass under conditions of drought stress by suppressing shoot vertical growth and lowering water use during the early phase of drought and by sustaining growth and photosynthetic activity during prolonged periods of drought stress through osmotic adjustment for retaining cellular hydration.

scholarly journals Salinity induced changes in water relations, oxidative damage and morpho-physiological adaptations of pistachio genotypes in soilless culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mirfattahi ◽  
Soheil Karimi ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Roozban
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Succulence

Selecting salt tolerant rootstocks is a sustainable approach for developing fruit trees in salinity prone areas. 60-day-old seedlings of <em>Pistacia vera </em>‘Akbari’ and ‘Ghazvini’, and <em>P. vera</em> ‘Ghazvini’ × <em>P. atlantica </em>(G×A) were subjected to 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl in half strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution. After 45 days, the growth, water relations, and oxidative damage parameters were investigated. Salt stress reduced plant biomass, height, crown diameter and leaf number, but increased specific leaf area (SLA) of the seedlings. Under salt stress, the growth of ‘Akbari’ seedlings was higher than the other genotypes. Accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline was observed in the leaves of salt affected seedlings. ‘Ghazvini’ seedlings had the highest MDA concentration and the lowest cell membrane stability in their leaves. Degredation of photosynthetic pigments under salt stress was lower in the leaves of ‘Akbari’ seedlings than that in other genotypes. Increase in leaf succulence was observed in ‘Akbari’ and G×A seedlings in response to salt stress. Relative water content and concentration of anthocyanins in the leaves of pistachio genotypes remained unchanged under salt stress. The results revealed that monitoring leaf abscission, SLA, leaf succulence, MDA concentration, and photosynthetic pigments provide suitable contrast for screening salt tolerance in pistachio. Furthuremore, ‘Akbari’ was found to be the most salt tolerant genotype.

scholarly journals Triacontanol modulates salt stress tolerance in cucumber by altering the physiological and biochemical status of plant cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubeen Sarwar ◽  
Sumreen Anjum ◽  
Qurban Ali ◽  
Muhammad Waqar Alam ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Stress Alleviation ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Almost All

AbstractCucumber is an important vegetable but highly sensitive to salt stress. The present study was designed to investigate the comparative performance of cucumber genotypes under salt stress (50 mmol L−1) and stress alleviation through an optimized level of triacontanol @ 0.8 mg L−1. Four cucumber genotypes were subjected to foliar application of triacontanol under stress. Different physiological, biochemical, water relations and ionic traits were observed to determine the role of triacontanol in salt stress alleviation. Triacontanol ameliorated the lethal impact of salt stress in all genotypes, but Green long and Marketmore were more responsive than Summer green and 20252 in almost all the attributes that define the genetic potential of genotypes. Triacontanol performs as a good scavenger of ROS by accelerating the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and compatible solutes (proline, glycinebetaine, phenolic contents), which lead to improved gas exchange attributes and water relations and in that way enhance the calcium and potassium contents or decline the sodium and chloride contents in cucumber leaves. Furthermore, triacontanol feeding also shows the answer to yield traits of cucumber. It was concluded from the results that the salinity tolerance efficacy of triacontanol is valid in enhancing the productivity of cucumber plants under salt stress. Triacontanol was more pronounced in green long and marketer green than in summer green and 20252. Hence, the findings of this study pave the way towards the usage of triacontanol @ 0.8 mg L−1, and green long and marketer genotypes may be recommended for saline soil.

scholarly journals Melatonin Counteracts Drought Induced Oxidative Damage and Stimulates Growth, Productivity and Fruit Quality Properties of Tomato Plants

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Ola H. Abd Elbar ◽  
Reham Farag ◽  
Mohamed Hikal ◽  
Amr El-Kelish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Short Period

Melatonin “N-Acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine” (MT) has recently been considered as a new plant growth regulator with multiple physiological functions. Although many previous studies have confirmed that exogenous applied-MT can alleviate the deleterious effects of drought stress in many plant species, most of these studies were exclusive on seeds, seedlings, and young plants for a short period of their life cycles. Therefore, the knowledge of using MT as a potential promising agricultural foliar application to improve crop productivity and quality is still insufficient under adverse open field conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of MT as a foliar application at 0, 20, and 40 ppm on tomato plants that were grown in the open field under the long term of optimal and deficit irrigation conditions. The results indicated that exogenous MT significantly enhanced plant growth, chlorophyll and activities of antioxidant enzymes, including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX). This improvement was associated with a marked reduction in proline and soluble sugars. In addition, applied-MT worked as a protective agent against oxidative damage by reducing the cellular content of toxic substances such as H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA). Similarly, MT-treated plants showed greater total fruit yield with improving its quality attributes like total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid, and lycopene. Generally, the highest significant fruit yield either under well-watered (13.7%) or water deficit (37.4%) conditions was achieved by the treatment of 20 ppm MT. These results indicate that exogenous MT played an essential role in enhancing tomato tolerance to deficit irrigation and could be recommended as a promising agricultural treatment under such conditions.

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