Grape stems as a source of bioactive compounds: application towards added-value commodities and significance for human health

Ana Barros; Amadeo Gironés-Vilaplana; Ana Texeira; Nieves Baenas; Raúl Domínguez-Perles

doi:10.1007/s11101-015-9421-5

Potential and opportunities of nutmeg pericarp as functional foods

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202130604007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 306 ◽

pp. 04007

Author(s):

Rosniyati Suwarda ◽

Risma Fira Suneth ◽

Wahid ◽

Dewi Sondari

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Economic Value ◽

Added Value ◽

Seed Kernel ◽

Native Plant ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Phytochemical Compounds

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is a native plant of Banda Island known as the Spice Islands. Nutmeg fruit consists of the pericarp or rind, the seed kernel inside (nutmeg), and the nutmeg is a red lacy (aryl) covering the kernel (mace). Nutmeg pericarp contributing 80-85% of the total weight of the nutmeg fruit but its use is still not getting enough attention and a lot of it is wasted as agricultural waste which can pollute the environment. This is because the economic value is considered to be lower than the seeds and mace of nutmeg. This article aims to review the potential and oppurtunity benefits of nutmeg meat waste (pericarp) for human health and its application in functional foods. The method used in this paper is a literature review. The results show that, the pericarp has been reported to contain bioactive compounds similar to those of nutmeg and mace oil which have pharmacological values. Phytochemical compounds are beneficial to human health as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, anti-microbial agents, antixidants, anti-depressants, anti-convulsants, and anti-cancer agents. Based on the composition, the pericarp is potentially used as a functional food to increase added value and reduce environmental pollution. In addition, the abundance of materials, relatively low prices, and the importance of healthy food for the health of the human provide opportunities for the development of functional foods based on bioactive compounds.

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Bioactive Compounds Obtained from Polish “Marynka” Hop Variety Using Efficient Two-Step Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Comparison of Their Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Anti-Proliferative Activities In Vitro

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26082366 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 2366

Author(s):

Katarzyna Klimek ◽

Katarzyna Tyśkiewicz ◽

Malgorzata Miazga-Karska ◽

Agnieszka Dębczak ◽

Edward Rój ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽

Supercritical Fluid ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Normal Skin ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Added Value ◽

Fluid Extraction

Given the health-beneficial properties of compounds from hop, there is still a growing trend towards developing successful extraction methods with the highest yield and also receiving the products with high added value. The aim of this study was to develop efficient extraction method for isolation of bioactive compounds from the Polish “Marynka” hop variety. The modified two-step supercritical fluid extraction allowed to obtain two hop samples, namely crude extract (E1), composed of α-acids, β-acids, and terpene derivatives, as well as pure xanthohumol with higher yield than that of other available methods. The post-extraction residues (R1) were re-extracted in order to obtain extract E2 enriched in xanthohumol. Then, both samples were subjected to investigation of their antibacterial (anti-acne, anti-caries), cytotoxic, and anti-proliferative activities in vitro. It was demonstrated that extract (E1) possessed more beneficial biological properties than xanthohumol. It exhibited not only better antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria strains (MIC, MBC) but also possessed a higher synergistic effect with commercial antibiotics when compared to xanthohumol. Moreover, cell culture experiments revealed that crude extract neither inhibited viability nor divisions of normal skin fibroblasts as strongly as xanthohumol. In turn, calculated selectivity indexes showed that the crude extract had from slightly to significantly better selective anti-proliferative activity towards cancer cells in comparison with xanthohumol.

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Valorization of Kiwi by-Products for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds: Circular Economy Model

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/foods_2020-07647 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Franklin Chamorro ◽

María Carpena ◽

Bernabé Nuñez-Estevez ◽

Miguel A. Prieto ◽

Jesus Simal-Gandara

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Added Value ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries ◽

By Products

Currently, agricultural production generates large amounts of organic waste, both from the maintenance of farms and crops, and from the industrialization of the product. Generally, these wastes are accumulated in landfills or burned, sometimes causing environmental problems. However, many scientific studies suggest that these residues are rich in bioactive compounds, so these matrices could be revalued for their use in food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries. In this way, the circular and sustainable economy is favored, while obtaining products with high added value. In this case, this approach is applied to the residues generated from kiwi production, since numerous studies have shown the high content of kiwi in bioactive compounds of interest, such as phenolic compounds, vitamins, and carotenoids. These compounds have been reported for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, among other beneficial properties for health such as its use as prebiotic. Therefore, this article reviews the potential of residues derived from industrial processing and agricultural maintenance of kiwi as promising matrices for the development of new nutraceutical, cosmetic, or pharmacological products, obtaining, at the same time, economic returns and a reduction of the environmental impact of this industry, attaching it to the perspective of the circular economy.

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Impact of Bacillus in fermented soybean foods on human health

Annals of Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s13213-021-01641-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Trishala Gopikrishna ◽

Harini Keerthana Suresh Kumar ◽

Kumar Perumal ◽

Elavarashi Elangovan

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Health Risks ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Potential Health ◽

Fermented Soybean ◽

Food Pathogens ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Fermented Soybean Foods

Abstract Purpose Fermented soybean foods (FSF) is popularly consumed in the South-East Asian countries. Bacillus species, a predominant microorganism present in these foods, have demonstrated beneficial and deleterious impacts on human health. These microorganisms produce bioactive compounds during fermentation that have beneficial impacts in improving human health. However, the health risks associated with FSF, food pathogens, biogenic amines (BAs) production, and late-onset anaphylaxis, remain a concern. The purpose of this review is to present an in-depth analysis of positive and negative impacts as a result of consumption of FSF along with the measures to alleviate health risks for human consumption. Methods This review was composed by scrutinizing contemporary literature of peer-reviewed publications related to Bacillus and FSF. Based on the results from academic journals, this review paper was categorized into FSF, role of Bacillus species in these foods, process of fermentation, beneficial, and adverse influence of these foods along with methods to improve food safety. Special emphasis was given to the potential benefits of bioactive compounds released during fermentation of soybean by Bacillus species. Results The nutritional and functional properties of FSF are well-appreciated, due to the release of peptides and mucilage, which have shown health benefits: in managing cardiac disease, gastric disease, cancer, allergies, hepatic disease, obesity, immune disorders, and especially microbial infections due to the presence of probiotic property, which is a potential alternative to antibiotics. Efficient interventions were established to mitigate pitfalls like the techniques to reduce BAs and food pathogens and by using a defined starter culture to improve the safety and quality of these foods. Conclusion Despite some of the detrimental effects produced by these foods, potential health benefits have been observed. Therefore, soybean foods fermented by Bacillus can be a promising food by integrating effective measures for maintaining safety and quality for human consumption. Further, in vivo analysis on the activity and dietary interventions of bioactive compounds among animal models and human volunteers are yet to be achieved which is essential to commercialize them for safe consumption by humans, especially immunocompromised patients.

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Technologies and Extraction Methods of Polyphenolic Compounds Derived from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peels. A Mini Review

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9020236 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 236

Author(s):

Dimitrios Lampakis ◽

Prodromos Skenderidis ◽

Stefanos Leontopoulos

Keyword(s):

Electric Fields ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

New Technologies ◽

Ohmic Heating ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Added Value ◽

Green Solvents ◽

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽

Functional Product

The interest in using plant by-product extracts as functional ingredients is continuously rising due to environmental and financial prospects. The development of new technologies has led to the achievement of aqueous extracts with high bioactivity that is preferable due to organic solvents nonuse. Recently, widely applied and emerging technologies, such as Simple Stirring, Pressure-Applied Extraction, Enzymatic Extraction, Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Pulsed Electric Fields, High Hydrostatic Pressure, Ohmic Heating, Microwave Assistant Extraction and the use of “green” solvents such as the deep eutectic solvents, have been investigated in order to contribute to the minimization of disadvantages on the extraction of bioactive compounds. This review is focused on bioactive compounds derived from pomegranate (Punica granatum) peels and highlighted the most attractive extraction methods. It is believed that these findings could be a useful tool for the pomegranate juices industry to apply an effective and economically viable extraction process, transforming a by-product to a high added value functional product.

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The Bioactive Potential of Trawl Discard: Case Study from a Crinoid Bed Off Blanes (North-Western Mediterranean)

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19020083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Alfredo García-de-Vinuesa ◽

Montserrat Demestre ◽

Arnau Carreño ◽

Josep Lloret

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Fish Habitat ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Marine Species ◽

Western Mediterranean ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Added Value ◽

Future Research ◽

Trawl Survey ◽

Bioactive Potential

Although knowledge of the bioactive compounds produced by species inhabiting coastal waters is increasing, little is known about the bioactive potential produced by marine species occupying deeper habitats with high biodiversity and productivity. Here, we investigate about the bioactive potential of molecules produced by species that inhabit the crinoid beds, a poorly known essential fish habitat affected by trawling, wherein large amounts of commercial and noncommercial species are discarded. Based on a trawl survey conducted in 2019, 14% of the 64 species discarded on crinoid beds produce molecules with some type of bioactive potential, including; soft corals (Alcyonium palmatum); tunicates (Ascidia mentula); bony fish, such as horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus); European hake (Merluccius merluccius); and chondrichthyans, such as small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula). In addition, 16% of the discarded species had congeneric species that produce compounds with bioactive potential, indicating that such species might also possess similar types of bioactive molecules. Molecules with antioxidant, antitumour, antihypertensive, and antibacterial properties were the most frequent, which could provide the basis for future research aiming to discover new marine-based drugs and compounds for other human uses. Among all species or genera that produce compounds with bioactive potential, 68% presented medium or high vulnerability to trawling. Results show that the discarded catch contains many species, which produce different bioactive compounds that represent an added-value resource. These results highlight the importance of manage properly crinoid beds, to ensure that species that produce molecules with bioactive potential inhabiting these habitats are protected.

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Pinus Species as Prospective Reserves of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Use in Functional Food—Current State of Knowledge

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1306

Author(s):

Marcin Dziedziński ◽

Joanna Kobus-Cisowska ◽

Barbara Stachowiak

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Functional Food ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Pine Tree ◽

Pine Trees ◽

Health Promoting ◽

Few Data

The pine (Pinus L.) is the largest and most heteromorphic plant genus of the pine family (Pinaceae Lindl.), which grows almost exclusively in the northern hemisphere. The demand for plant-based remedies, supplements and functional food is growing worldwide. Although pine-based products are widely available in many parts of the world, they are almost absent as food ingredients. The literature shows the beneficial effects of pine preparations on human health. Despite the wide geographical distribution of pine trees in the natural environment, there are very few data in the literature on the widespread use of pine in food technology. This study aims to present, characterise and evaluate the content of phytochemicals in pine trees, including shoots, bark and conifer needles, as well as to summarise the available data on their health-promoting and functional properties, and the potential of their use in food and the pharmaceutical industry to support health. Various species of pine tree contain different compositions of bioactive compounds. Regardless of the solvent, method, pine species and plant part used, all pine extracts contain a high number of polyphenols. Pine tree extracts exhibit several described biological activities that may be beneficial to human health. The available examples of the application of pine elements in food are promising. The reuse of residual pine elements is still limited compared to its potential. In this case, it is necessary to conduct more research to find and develop new products and applications of pine residues and by-products.

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Bioactive Compounds of Arid and Semiarid Fruits: Impact on Human Health

Reference Series in Phytochemistry ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-30182-8_2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 21-34

Author(s):

Randah Muqbil Alqurashi ◽

Muneera Qassim Al-Mssallem ◽

Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Arid And Semiarid

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TERMS RELATED TO PRACTICE RULES AND REGULATIONS OF ORGANIC BEEKEEPING PRODUCTION IN TURKEY

ICONTECH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ◽

10.46291/icontechvol4iss3pp65-76 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 65-76

Author(s):

Lale Taş

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Human Health ◽

Organic Farming ◽

Low Income ◽

Organic Agriculture ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Transition Process ◽

Added Value ◽

Artificial Nutrition

Organic farming production; To the extent permitted by the regulation, it is a production in which chemical drugs are used that are friendly to human health and nature, and do not harm the environment and human health; It is a form of production that gives priority to the quality of the product rather than the amount of manufacture, and every stage is checked and certified by control and certification. Organic Beekeeping, on the other hand, does not apply chemical drugs and artificial nutrition to bees at every stage from production to consumption, It is a production that is carried out on intact natural flora or organic farming areas and is controlled and certified by control certification companies. Beekeeping; producers with low income, especially in rural areas, both in European countries and in our country and it is an important source of income for producers who do not have land. With this aspect, it adds added value at the micro-level in the rural areas and at the macro level in the country's economy. The products obtained from bees are faced with the threat of risk factors that negatively affect food safety during the process of taking their place on the market shelves from production. For this reason, the importance of organic beekeeping increases as the aim is to increase the quality of organic beekeeping. According to the Organic Agriculture Information System (OTBİS) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, in 2019, There are 249 enterprises engaged in organic beekeeping in Turkey. Organic beekeeping, the total number of organic hives is 50.100 and the total organic honey production is 576.76 tons. Moreover according to the Organic Agriculture Information System of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, in 2019, 159 enterprises engaged in beekeeping in the transition process in Turkey present, it has a total of 21 484 hives in transition. To increase this potential of our country and to ensure its sustainability, It can be achieved by producing reliable and better quality organic beekeeping products. For this, the production and consumption of organic beekeeping products should be expanded.

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