The root endophytes Trametes versicolor and Piriformospora indica increase grain yield and P content in wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 426 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Taghinasab ◽  
Jafargholi Imani ◽  
Diedrich Steffens ◽  
Stefanie P. Glaeser ◽  
Karl-Heinz Kogel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Piriformospora Indica ◽  
Root Endophytes ◽  
P Content

scholarly journals Response of spring wheat to NPK and S fertilization. The content and uptake of macronutrients and the value of ionic ratios

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Klikocka ◽  
Marek Marks ◽  
Bożena Barczak ◽  
Bogdan Szostak ◽  
Anna Podleśna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mass Ratios ◽  
S Application ◽  
S Fertilizers

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) fertilizers on the content and uptake of macronutrients by grain dry mass (DM) of spring wheat. A field experiment was conducted in southeastern Poland on Cambisols (WRB 2007), in conditions of low S content in the soil. The experiment included 2 factors: fertilization with N (0, 40, 80, 120 kg ha-1) and with S (0, 50 kg ha-1).The experiment showed a positive response of spring wheat to N and S fertilization. The highest grain yield was found after application of 80 kg N ha-1 and addition of 50 kg S ha-1 (5.43 t ha-1). The described combination resulted in beneficial content of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) (P –4.267, K–4.533, Mg–1.567, Ca–0.433 g kg-1) and uptake of macroelements by grain dry mass (DM) (P–20.48, K–21.79, Mg–7.52, Ca–2.08 kg ha-1). A generally positive correlation was found between content and uptake of macronutrients with exception of P content. Fertilization with N caused significantly narrowed mass ratios of K+: Ca2+, K+: Mg2+ and mass and mole ratio of K+:(Ca2++Mg2+) and increased mass ratio of Ca:P. While S application narrowed significantly, mass ratios of K+:Ca2+ and K+: (Ca2+ + Mg2+) and increased mass ratio of Ca:P.

Lupin grain yields and fertiliser effectiveness are increased by banding superphosphate below the seed

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Jarvis ◽  
MDA Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
P Content ◽  
Better Than

Five field experiments with lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) measured the effectiveness, for production, of 4 superphosphate placements either: (i) drilled with the seed to a depth of 4 or 5 cm; (ii) applied to the soil surface (topdressed) before sowing; or (iii) banded 2.5-5 cm and 7.5-8 cm below the seed while sowing. Levels of applied phosphate (P) from 0 to 36 kg P/ha were tested. In all experiments lupin grain yield responded to the highest level of superphosphate applied. At this P level, the average grain yield from all trials was 1.16 t/ha for the deepest banded treatment. This was 0.38 t/ha (49%) better than P drilled with the seed, and 0.62 t/ha (115%) better than P topdressed. Relative to superphosphate drilled with the seed and regardless of the lupin cultivar or the phosphate status of the soil, the effectiveness of superphosphate was increased by 10-90% by banding below the seed, and decreased by 30-60% by topdressing. Increasing the levels of superphosphate drilled with the seed generally reduced the density of seedlings and reduced early vegetative growth, probably due to salt or P toxicity. However, during the growing season, the plants treated with high levels of superphosphate recovered, so that eventually yields of dried tops and grain responded to increasing superphosphate drilled with the seed. In each experiment there was a common relationship between yield and P content in lupin tissue, regardless of how the superphosphate was applied, suggesting that lupins responded solely to P, and other factors did not alter yield. We recommend that farmers band superphosphate 5-8 cm below the seed while sowing, rather than continue the present practices of either drilling the fertiliser with the seed, or topdressing it before sowing.

Effect of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica on yield and some physiological traits of millet (Panicum miliaceum) under water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goudarz Ahmadvand ◽  
Somayeh Hajinia
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Piriformospora Indica ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Severe Water Stress

Piriformospora indica is one of the cultivable root-colonising endophytic fungi of the order Sebacinales, which efficiently promote plant growth, uptake of nutrients, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of P. indica on millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) under water-stress conditions. Two field experiments were carried out in a factorial arrangement at Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Iran, during 2014 and 2015. The first factor was three levels of water-deficit stress, with irrigation after 60 mm (well-watered), 90 mm (mild stress) and 120 mm (severe stress) evaporation from pan class A. The second factor was two levels of fungus P. indica: inoculated and uninoculated. Results showed that water-deficit stress significantly decreased grain yield and yield components. Colonisation by P. indica significantly increased number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight, regardless of water supply. Inoculation with P. indica increased grain yield by 11.4% (year 1) and 19.72% (year 2) in well-watered conditions and by 35.34% (year 1) and 32.59% (year 2) under drought stress, compared with uninoculated plants. Maximum flag-leaf area (21.71 cm2) was achieved with well-watered conditions. Severe water stress decreased flag-leaf area by 53.36%. Flag-leaf area was increased by 18.64% by fungus inoculation compared with the uninoculated control. Under drought conditions, inoculation with P. indica increased plant height by 27.07% and panicle length by 9.61%. Severe water stress caused a significant decrease in grain phosphorus concentration, by 42.42%, compared with the well-watered treatment. By contrast, grain nitrogen and protein contents were increased about 30.23% and 30.18%, respectively, with severe water stress. Inoculation with P. indica increased grain phosphorus by 24.22%, nitrogen by 7.47% and protein content by 7.54% compared with control. Water stress reduced leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, whereas P. indica inoculation enhanced chlorophyll concentrations by 27.18% under severe water stress. The results indicated the positive effect of P. indica on yield and physiological traits of millet in both well-watered and water-stressed conditions.

Effect of seed source and seed phosphorus content on the growth and yield of wheat in north-eastern Victoria

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Burnett ◽  
P. J. Newton ◽  
D. R. Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
P Content ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Early Seedling

Summary. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed was grown at 2 locations differing in phosphorus (P) status (low and high) in north-eastern Victoria (36°S, 146°E), with applied superphosphate (kg P/ha: 0, 12, 24, 100 and 200), to produce seed of different P content. This seed was used in field and glasshouse experiments in 1993 and 1994 to investigate the effects of seed source and P content on the growth and yield of wheat. Wheat seed grown at the low P status site was smaller than seed grown at the high P status site, irrespective of the amount of applied P. Seed from the low P status site produced less early dry matter in both field and glasshouse experiments in 1993, but there was no effect of seed source on grain yield in either experiment. High seed P content either had no effect or reduced seedling emergence in the field experiments. In the glasshouse, low P content in seed from the low P status site resulted in reduced emergence. Increases in dry matter production and grain yield with higher seed P content were only observed in the drought season of 1994. Application of P resulted in increased emergence, dry matter production and grain yield at most seed P content levels but there were no significant interactions between seed P content and applied P. Application of N did not affect dry matter production in either year, but increased grain protein in both years and grain yield in 1993. Seed from low P status environments can affect early seedling growth but in average growing seasons, or in glasshouse conditions, wheat growth compensates so that differences in grain yield are not observed. However, in order to avoid risk of poor early seedling growth and possible yield penalties when the crop is stressed, wheat seed should be collected from adequate soil P status sites.

scholarly journals Phosphate fertilization with organomineral fertilizer on corn crops on a Rhodic Khandiudox with a high phosphorus contente

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco André Grohskopf ◽  
Juliano Corulli Corrêa ◽  
Dirceu Maximino Fernandes ◽  
Vinícius de Melo Benites ◽  
Paulo César Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Available P ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Crop Cycle

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional content and grain yield of three corn (Zea mays) crops in response to phosphate fertilization with an organomineral fertilizer based on poultry litter or a mineral fertilizer, when cultivated on a Rhodic Khandiudox with a high initial phosphorus content. The experiment was carried out in the field in a randomized complete block design in a 2×4+1 factorial arrangement (organomineral or mineral fertilizer × 20, 40, 60, or 80 kg ha-1 P + control treatment with no phosphate fertilization), with four replicates each. Available P and total organic carbon (TOC) contents in the soil at the end of the crop cycle, plant tissue P contents, and grain yield were determined. The agronomic efficiency index (AEI) was estimated based on corn grain yield. After three harvests, soil available P and TOC contents did not increase significantly due to fertilizer use, but were directly related to P doses. In a Rhodic Khandiudox with a high initial P content, the use of an organomineral fertilizer based on poultry litter promotes higher corn crop yield, with an AEI 20% higher than that of the mineral fertilizer.

Influence of Rhizophagus intraradices and phosphorus fertilization on growth, yield and N P content in grain of Phaseolus vulgaris.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Aguirre-Medina ◽  
Juan Francisco Aguirre- Cadena ◽  
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
María de Lourdes Arevalo-Galarza ◽  
Raymundo Rosas-Quijano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Rhizophagus Intraradices ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Content ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Rhizophagus intraradices (RI) interaction with phosphorus fertilization on the yield of Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Negro Tacaná, and the N and P content in plant tissue and grain were determined. The experiment consisted of six treatments:1) Control, 2) RI, 3) 40 kg.ha-1 of P2O5, 4) RI + 40 kg.ha-1 of P2O5, 5) RI + 26 kg.ha-1 of P2O5, and 6) RI + 13 kg.ha-1 of P2O5, using a randomized block design with four replicates. Results probed that inoculation of plants with RI promoted a better health, growth and grain yield. In particular, grain yield inoculated with RI presented similar values as obtained with inorganic fertilization of 40 kg.ha-1 of P2O5, indicating that inorganic fertilization can be fully substituted by RI. The use of this technology provides an efficient use of soil nutrients, which is translated into a lower investment for producers.

Effect of crop rotation, fertilizer and tillage management on spring wheat grain yield and N and P content in a thin Black Chernozem: A long-term study

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
G. P. Lafond ◽  
A. J. Vandenbygaart ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
R. Lemke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
P Content

The response of organic and conventionally grown wheat to superphosphate and reactive phosphate rock

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Dann ◽  
JW Derrick ◽  
DC Dumaresq ◽  
MH Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Reactive Phosphate ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Reactive Phosphate Rock ◽  
P Content

In 1991 and 1992 wheat was sown on adjacent properties at Ardlethan in southern New South Wales to assess its response to superphosphate (SP) and reactive phosphate rock (RPR) under conventional and organic management systems. Five rates of P (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 kg/ha) were applied as SP and RPR. No response to RPR was recorded in terms of crop growth or grain yield. However, in both years and on both sites, SP significantly increased plant dry weight at tillering and anthesis, the number of tillers and spikes per plant and grain yield. Superphosphate also increased the P content of grain and the amount of P exported. SP (40 kg P/ha) increased the level of cadmium in the grain, although not beyond permitted maximum concentrations. The use of SP reduced the level of colonisation by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM). The data indicate that the choice of the organic farmer, not to use SP, incurs a large yield penalty.

scholarly journals Glutacetine® Biostimulant Applied on Wheat under Contrasting Field Conditions Improves Grain Number Leading to Better Yield, Upgrades N-Related Traits and Changes Grain Ionome

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Victor Maignan ◽  
Patrick Géliot ◽  
Jean-Christophe Avice
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Total N ◽  
P Content ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Grain Yield Components ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Mn Content

Wheat is one of the most important cereals for human nutrition, but nitrogen (N) losses during its cultivation cause economic problems and environmental risks. In order to improve N use efficiency (NUE), biostimulants are increasingly used. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Glutacetine®, a biostimulant sprayed at 5 L ha−1 in combination with fertilizers (urea or urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)), on N-related traits, grain yield components, and the grain quality of winter bread wheat grown at three field sites in Normandy (France). Glutacetine® improved grain yield via a significant increase in the grain number per spike and per m2, which also enhanced the thousand grain weight, especially with urea. The total N in grains and the NUE tended to increase in response to Glutacetine®, irrespective of the site or the form of N fertilizer. Depending on the site, spraying Glutacetine® can also induce changes in the grain ionome (analyzed by X-ray fluorescence), with a reduction in P content observed (site 2 under urea nutrition) or an increase in Mn content (site 3 under UAN nutrition). These results provide a roadmap for utilizing Glutacetine® biostimulant to enhance wheat production and flour quality in a temperate climate.

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