scholarly journals Can Financial Economics Cure Cancer?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Lo
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Biomedical Innovation ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Human Genome Project

AbstractFunding for early-stage biomedical innovation has become more difficult to secure at the same time that medical breakthroughs seem to be occurring at ever increasing rates. One explanation for this counterintuitive trend is that increasing scientific knowledge can actually lead to greater economic risk for investors in the life sciences. While the Human Genome Project, high-throughput screening, genetic biomarkers, immunotherapies, and gene therapies have made a tremendously positive impact on biomedical research and, consequently, patient lives, they have also increased the cost and complexity of the drug development process, causing many investors to shift their assets to more attractive investment opportunities. This suggests that new business models and financing strategies can be used to reduce the risk and increase the attractiveness of biomedical innovation so as to bring new and better therapies to patients faster.

2. How to read the book of life

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
John Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Human Genome Project ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Chain Termination ◽  
Single Molecule Sequencing ◽  
Semiconductor Sequencing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Human Genome Project

For all its biological importance, DNA is a fragile molecule so extracting it is a difficult process. ‘How to read the book of life’ explains the techniques required to sequence DNA. It begins by explaining the techniques developed for protein and RNA sequencing by Frederick Sanger, Robert Holley, and Carl Woese that were then developed further for DNA sequencing. Following the success of the Human Genome Project, the next generation of DNA sequencing was developed in the mid-2000s. Pyrosequencing was capable of generating orders of magnitude more data at a fraction of the cost, but was superceded within a decade by semiconductor sequencing, reversible chain-termination sequencing, and single-molecule sequencing.

scholarly journals Genome editing and selection based on genes associated with sports athletic performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-340
Author(s):  
Matea Zajc Petranović ◽  
Petra Korać ◽  
Nataša Jermen ◽  
Matija Mato Škerbić ◽  
Julija Erhardt
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
The Human Genome Project ◽  
Improved Methods

In 2003 the final results of the Human Genome Project revealed the details of our genome: a set of information about how human beings look, how we act, feel, think and develop. Soon after, other global collaborations such as the HapMap project and 1000 Genomes Project were conducted. Although the main focus was to investigate the variability in human populations and the possible connections of certain variations to different conditions and diseases, these projects also had a great impact on the understanding of the genetic influence on sports performance. In parallel, improved methods for gene analysis and gene editing were developed. Based on those methods, it became possible to detect candidate genes responsible for different performance phenotypes and develop protocols similar to gene therapies for performance enhancement in athletes. This review covers developments in genetics, the overview of candidate genes associated with athletic performance, and ethical dilemmas related to the modification of genome for sport performance enhancement.

scholarly journals Design of Power Supply Package for Electricity Sales Companies Considering User Side Energy Storage Configuration

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu ◽  
Gao ◽  
Yang ◽  
Liang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Elite Strategy ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Cost

With the deepening of the reform of the power system, electricity sales companies are required to explore new business models and provide multi-faceted marketing programs for users. At the same time, with the reduction of energy storage (ES) costs and the gradual maturity of technology, user side ES, especially Battery ES, has become an effective means for enhancing users' power supply reliability and reducing electricity bills. Battery ES, as the standby power supply, has a vast user side application. The configuration of ES can help users to ameliorate power quality and reduce electricity cost. It is a critical strategy for electricity sales companies to improve their competitiveness as well. Firstly, this paper analyzes the user side ES and introduces the user side ES development status and relevant policies. Then, we establish an ES configuration optimization model based on the cost–benefit system. To determine the optimal ES capacity of the system’s storage capacity, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy (NSGA-II) is used as the method solving model. Finally, according to the cost-effectiveness of ES and the period of a contract signed by users, a price package with ES configuration is designed for users to choose.

scholarly journals Analysis of food retail efficiency in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Radojko Lukić ◽  
Dragana Vojteski-Kljenak
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Strategic Management Accounting ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
New Business ◽  
Dea Analysis ◽  
Private Brand ◽  
Food Sales ◽  
The Cost

It is well known that the problem of analyzing the efficiency of all companies, including trading companies, is very topical, significant and complex. In the context of the above mentioned, mathematical methods and models are increasingly being applied. With this in mind, this paper explores the effectiveness of food retailers in Serbia using AHP and DEA methods. Of all the observed optimization criteria (cost of goods sold, operating costs, gross margin and net profit), the most significant one was the cost of goods sold. The most efficient food retailer in Serbia is Delhaize Serbia. Mercator-S is inefficient according to DEA analysis. In order to improve the efficiency of food retailers in Serbia, it is necessary to look up to the Western models and apply new business models (private brand, multichannel sales, organic food sales and others) and new concepts of strategic management accounting as well as strengthen the digitalization of business.

scholarly journals HUMAN CAPITAL, PERCEIVED DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG HIGHLY SKILLED CHINESE RETURNEES

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650002 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUE BAO ◽  
QI MIAO ◽  
YING LIU ◽  
DANIEL GARST
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
New Business ◽  
Overseas Work

Over the past two decades, returnee entrepreneurs have emerged as major promoters of business startups and entrepreneurship in China. Recognizing their positive impact in promoting new and innovative companies, Chinese national and local governments have instituted a raft of preferential policies aimed at assisting returnee entrepreneurs. Based on a survey of Chinese returnees and returnee entrepreneurship from 2011 to 2012, this paper examines how human capital and perceptions of domestic institutional quality affect entrepreneurial activity among highly skilled returnees. We find their educational levels, overseas work experience, the degree to which they bring back new business models and their perception of domestic economic opportunities affects the likelihood of such individuals becoming entrepreneurs. Our work suggests regulatory transparency discourages returnees from entering entrepreneurship, suggesting the relationship between regulatory transparency and entrepreneurial behavior is more complex than is portrayed in previous research done on this matter. The results of our analysis are robust against a number of rigorous statistical specification checks.

Making Clinical Trials Safer for Human Subjects

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 253-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Baram
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Human Genome Project ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Medical Innovation ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
The Human Genome Project

The pace of medical innovation is quickening, pushed by advances in biotechnology and pulled by growing demand for healthcare. Completion of the Human Genome Project has provided a multitude of data for determining genes and their functions, and stimulated the application of information technology and private capital for the development of new individualized drugs, gene therapies, and biomaterials for tissue and organ regeneration. Concurrently, demand for healthcare continues to grow, expanding the market for medical innovations that are proven in clinical trials to be safe and effective.

Putting risk management into the corporate sustainability context

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorren Kirsty Haywood
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
South African ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Business ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

Purpose This research investigates what is driving corporate sustainability within South African organisations and to what extent these drivers intersect with risk management. This is important as new and emerging business risks are proving to be directly linked to sustainability issues having implication on long-term organisational performance. This implies that sustainability and risk should not be mutually exclusive. Design/methodology/approach By means of semi-structured interviews, sustainability managers of 11 South African organisations were engaged to gain insight relating to the immediate sustainability issues, risk landscape and the possible intersection between these issues within their organisations. Questions posed were around drivers of sustainability, risks to an organisation, changes in risks, relationship between sustainability and risk. By means of thematic analysis key issues emerging from the responses of the sustainability managers could be identified and themes determined based on similarities. This was followed by trend analysis of the frequency of responses to different sustainability and risk themes to interpret the data. Findings Results reveal that sustainability and risk management are similar in their intent purpose and output both aligned towards reducing impacts and managing uncertainty. However even though sustainability has increasingly become integral to business its value contribution and linkage with risk management differ significantly amongst organisations. This suggests that sustainability and risk management remain two distinct frameworks for managing uncertainty in business. Originality/value Research on integrating a sustainability perspective in risk management is at an early stage. To understand and respond to emerging risks, organisations need to integrate sustainability and risk management into their decision strategies – not only to minimize potential losses but also to exploit new business opportunities arising from the sustainability agenda. Future research should be directed towards advancing systematic methods for identifying and managing sustainability risks such that key sustainability challenges are firmly embedded in the risk management of the business. In this regard, organisations would be in a position to build resilience into their business models and operations.

scholarly journals Beacons and Blockchains in the Mobile Gaming Ecosystem: A Feasibility Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Iakovos Pittaras ◽  
Nikos Fotiou ◽  
Vasilios A. Siris ◽  
George C. Polyzos
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mobile Gaming ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
New Business ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Permissioned Blockchains ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Attraction And Retention

We explore the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs), such as blockchains, in mobile gaming, focusing on ecosystem expansion and diversification, customer attraction and retention, exploitation of context sensitive and personalized advertisements, and improved monetization of in-game assets. We evaluate the cost and transaction delay of DLTs in a location-based mobile game ecosystem using two types of blockchains (permissioned and permissionless or public), based on defined Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Our evaluation shows the advantages of using both types of blockchains as well as interledger technologies that combine them. Permissioned blockchains enable high performance, e.g., in terms of throughput and delay, and low cost, while permissionless (public) blockchains, through their transparency, immutability, and openness, support trust and facilitate interactions among unrelated parties. Finally, we show that the combination of IoT devices and DLTs in mobile gaming offers new business opportunities and enables innovative business models for both traditional mobile gaming companies and other participants in the ecosystem, e.g., game players, cafes, malls, and similar establishments, advertising companies, and independent programmers.

scholarly journals Personal genomes in progress: from the human genome project to the personal genome project

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Personal Genome ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Personal Genomes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Human Genome Project

The cost of a diploid human genome sequence has dropped from about $70M to $2000 since 2007--even as the standards for redundancy have increased from 7x to 40x in order to improve call rates. Coupled with the low return on investment for common single-nucleotide polylmorphisms, this has caused a significant rise in interest in correlating genome sequences with comprehensive environmental and trait data (GET). The cost of electronic health records, imaging, and microbial, immunological, and behavioral data are also dropping quickly. Sharing such integrated GET datasets and their interpretations with a diversity of researchers and research subjects highlights the need for informed-consent models capable of addressing novel privacy and other issues, as well as for flexible data-sharing resources that make materials and data available with minimum restrictions on use. This article examines the Personal Genome Project's effort to develop a GET database as a public genomics resource broadly accessible to both researchers and research participants, while pursuing the highest standards in research ethics.

Blowing Smoke? How Early-Stage Investors Interpret Hopeful Discourse within Entrepreneurially Oriented Business Plans

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wales ◽  
Kevin C. Cox ◽  
Jason Lortie ◽  
Curtis R. Sproul
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Business Plans ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Business Models

Abstract This study examines how written expressions of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and hope may affect investor evaluations of funding potential in business plan competitions. To understand why some firms are evaluated more favorably, we combine screening and signaling theory when analyzing early-stage venture-investor communication. Findings support that expressions of EO while business planning contribute to greater expressions of hope to cope with the Knightian uncertainty when developing new business models. Results suggest that the impact of hopeful dialogue on investor impressions of fundability critically depends upon the presence or absence of past founder financial investment. Implications for future research are discussed.

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