scholarly journals Hard Boiled: Alcohol Use as a Risk Factor for MDMA-Induced Hyperthermia: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan van Amsterdam ◽  
Tibor M. Brunt ◽  
Mimi Pierce ◽  
Wim van den Brink
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Induced Hyperthermia ◽  
Delayed Initiation ◽  
Health Related

AbstractAlthough MDMA (ecstasy) is a relatively safe recreational drug and is currently considered for therapeutic use for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD), recreational MDMA use occasionally elicits hyperthermia and hyponatremia, sometimes with a fatal outcome. Specific risk factors for both adverse effects are profuse sweating while vigorously dancing under unfavorable conditions such as high ambient temperatures and insufficient fluid suppletion which result in dehydration. Concomitant use of MDMA and alcohol is highly prevalent, but adds to the existing risk, because alcohol facilitates the emergence of MDMA-induced adverse events, like hyperthermia, dehydration, and hyponatremia. Because of potential health-related consequences of concomitant use of MDMA and alcohol, it is important to identify the mechanisms of the interactions between alcohol and MDMA. This review summarizes the main drivers of MDMA-induced hyperthermia, dehydration, and hyponatremia and the role of concomitant alcohol use. It is shown that alcohol use has a profound negative impact by its interaction with most of these drivers, including poikilothermia, exposure to high ambient temperatures, heavy exercise (vigorous dancing), vasoconstriction, dehydration, and delayed initiation of sweating and diuresis. It is concluded that recreational and clinical MDMA-users should refrain from concomitant drinking of alcoholic beverages to reduce the risk for adverse health incidents when using MDMA.

scholarly journals A One Health Perspective to Recognize Fusarium as Important in Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Valeri Sáenz ◽  
Carlos Alvarez-Moreno ◽  
Patrice Le Pape ◽  
Silvia Restrepo ◽  
Josep Guarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
One Health ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Plumbing Systems ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Human Infections

Any strategy that proposes solutions to health-related problems recognizes that people, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Fusarium is an example of this interaction because it is capable of infecting plants, animals, and humans. This review provides information on various aspects of these relations and proposes how to approach fusariosis with a One Health methodology (a multidisciplinary, and multisectoral approach that can address urgent, ongoing, or potential health threats to humans, animals, and the environment). Here, we give a framework to understand infection pathogenesis, through the epidemiological triad, and explain how the broad utilization of fungicides in agriculture may play a role in the treatment of human fusariosis. We assess how plumbing systems and hospital environments might play a role as a reservoir for animal and human infections. We explain the role of antifungal resistance mechanisms in both humans and agriculture. Our review emphasizes the importance of developing interdisciplinary research studies where aquatic animals, plants, and human disease interactions can be explored through coordination and collaborative actions.

scholarly journals Exposure to Adverse Social Behavior in the Workplace and Sickness Presenteeism among Korean Workers: The Mediating Effects of Musculoskeletal Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sookja Choi ◽  
Yunjeong Yi ◽  
Jiyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Sickness Presenteeism ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Health Related

Adverse social behavior (ASB) by colleagues or superiors in the workplace is considered highly stressful for workers in South Korea. The authors investigate the mechanism by which ASB reduces productivity (measured in terms of sickness presenteeism (SP)), by examining the potential mediating role of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). All data are derived from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey, which investigated a representative sample of the working population. The authors analyze their general characteristics (age, gender, income, and education), work-related factors (job type, occupational ergonomic risk, job resource, employment contract, work schedule, working hour, and job demand), and health-related factors (self-rated health and MSDs). The authors use a two-step regression analysis to estimate the direct effect of ASB on SP and the indirect effect of SP via MSDs. The authors find that MSDs mediate 16.7% of the total effect of ASB on SP. When employment type and job conditions are considered, the role of the mediating variable in the group with a permanent contract, no shift or night work, and high working time is greater than the counterpart of each variable. Various strategies are needed to address MSDs according to the working environment, which might help limit the negative impact of ASB on SP.

scholarly journals Effects of Padel Competition on Brain Health-Related Myokines

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6042
Author(s):  
Francisco Pradas ◽  
María Pía Cádiz ◽  
María Teresa Nestares ◽  
Inmaculada C. Martínez-Díaz ◽  
Luis Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Brain Health ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The Brain

Padel is becoming one of the most widespread racket sports that may have potential health benefits. Considering that several myokines mediate the cross-talk between skeletal muscles and the brain, exerting positive effects on brain health status, this study was designed to evaluate the responses of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and irisin (IR) to padel competition in trained players and to determine whether these responses were sex-dependent. Twenty-four trained padel players (14 women and 10 men with a mean age of 27.8 ± 6.3 years) participated voluntarily in this study. Circulating levels of BDNF, LIF, and IR were assessed before and after simulated padel competition (real playing time, 27.8 ± 8.49 min; relative intensity, 75.2 ± 7.9% maximum heart rate). Except for BDNF responses observed in female players (increasing from 1531.12 ± 269.09 to 1768.56 ± 410.75 ng/mL), no significant changes in LIF and IR concentrations were reported after padel competition. In addition, no sex-related differences were found. Moreover, significant associations between IR and BDNF were established at both pre- and post-competition. Our results suggest that while competitive padel practice stimulates BDNF response in female players, padel competition failed to boost the release of LIF and IR. Future studies are needed to further explore the role of these exercise-induced myokines in the regulation of brain functions and to identify the field sports that can contribute to myokine-mediated muscle–brain crosstalk.

scholarly journals Elucidating the Role of Recovery Experiences in the Job Demands-Resources Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 659-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Moreno-Jiménez ◽  
Alfredo Rodríguez-Muñoz ◽  
Ana Isabel Sanz-Vergel ◽  
Eva Garrosa
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Psychological Detachment ◽  
Recovery Experiences ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Mastery Experiences ◽  
And Control ◽  
Psychological Detachment From Work

Based on the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the current study examined the moderating role of recovery experiences (i.e., psychological detachment from work, relaxation, mastery experiences, and control over leisure time) on the relationship between one job demand (i.e., role conflict) and work-and health-related outcomes. Results from our sample of 990 employees from Spain showed that psychological detachment from work and relaxation buffered the negative impact of role conflict on some of the proposed outcomes. Contrary to our expectations, we did not find significant results for mastery and control regarding moderating effects. Overall, findings suggest a differential pattern of the recovery experiences in the health impairment process proposed by the JD-R model.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
N. M. Oliynyk ◽  
N. Ya. Kravets ◽  
O. V. Pokryshko ◽  
N. I. Yelahina
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Lecture Material ◽  
Physical Exercises

The article analyzes the problem of forming a healthy lifestyle of students. The current approach to deteriorating youth health encourages the search for new ways to generate positive motivation for a healthy lifestyle and scientific research. According to the literature data analysis, less than 15 % of students are considered healthy, 70 % of them have low and below-average levels of physical health, more than half (52.6 %) of them have different morphofunctional abnormalities, 36–40 % have chronic non-infectious diseases, which complicate the process of adaptation to physical and mental activity, impede learning lecture material as well as effective training at universities. The aim of the research was to evaluate and analyze the components of a healthy lifestyle of students and on this basis to determine approaches to the introduction of health-saving technologies in the educational process of higher schools. A survey of students revealed a lack of understanding of the simplest aspects of health care and an inability to assess one’s level of health adequately. 53 students (39.5 %) consider themselves healthy; 38 students (28.3 %) adhere to healthy lifestyles; and only 9 % of students regularly do physical exercises and sports. Only 25 % of them follow the diet. 82 % of students were well informed about the negative impact of bad habits on their health, but 66 % of respondents smoked cigarettes, including 43 % of women. 90 % of students occasionally consume alcoholic beverages, of whom 14 % often consume, and 8 % do not consume. Most of the respondents are confident in the absolute harmlessness of beer, which ranks the first place in the structure of alcoholic beverages consumed by students. But only 9 % of students regularly do physical exercises and sports. Therefore, the priority goals of the modern stage of higher education modernization should be the preservation and strengthening of students’ health, the formation of value orientations, their awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle, the introduction of health-saving technologies into the educational process, as significant components in achieving career and life success of youths.

scholarly journals Education and alcohol use in adolescence – The role of social causation and health-related selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Schmengler ◽  
M Peeters ◽  
A E Kunst ◽  
A J Oldehinkel ◽  
W A M Vollebergh
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Social Causation ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

Abstract Background Both social causation and health-related selection may influence educational gradients in alcohol use in adolescence. From past studies it is unclear which of these mechanisms predominates, as drinking may be both a cause and consequence of low educational attainment. Furthermore, gradients in alcohol use may reflect 'third variables' already present in childhood, such as parental socioeconomic status (SES), effortful control, and IQ. We investigated social causation and health-related selection in the development of educational gradients in alcohol use. Methods We used data from a Dutch population-based cohort (TRAILS Study; n = 2,229), including measurements of educational level and drinking at ages around 14, 16, 19, 22, and 26 years. First, we evaluated the directionality in longitudinal associations between education and alcohol use with cross-lagged panel models, with and without adjusting for pre-existing individual differences using fixed effects. Second, we assessed the role of childhood characteristics around age 11, i.e. IQ, effortful control, and parental SES, both as confounders in these longitudinal associations, and as predictors of educational level and drinking around age 14. Results In fixed effects models, lower education at age 14 strongly predicted increases in drinking at 16. From age 19 onward, we found a non-significant tendency towards opposite associations, with higher education predicting increases in alcohol use. Alcohol use was not associated with subsequent changes in education. All childhood characteristics strongly predicted education around age 14 and, to a lesser extent, early drinking. Conclusions We found conclusive evidence for social causation from education to alcohol use in early adolescence only, and no evidence for selection attributable to alcohol use. By determining initial educational level, childhood characteristics also predict subsequent trajectories in alcohol use. Key messages Our findings illustrate the importance of social causation in relation to alcohol use in early adolescence, while no support was found for health-related selection from alcohol use to education. Parental SES, effortful control, and IQ in childhood strongly predicted educational level in early adolescence, which subsequently predicted trajectories in alcohol use during adolescence.

scholarly journals Behavioral Consequences of Alcohol Use Among Students of Isabela State University – Main Campus

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Edmelyn B. Cacayan ◽  
Queenie B. Solatre ◽  
Mark Hipolito Placido Galingana
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
State University ◽  
Behavioral Consequences ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Counselling Interventions

The study was focused on the behavioural consequences state of alcohol use among the students. The respondents were all levels of students of Isabela State University-Main Campus. The researcher used survey questionnaire and interview to gather data. The study found out that the majority of the respondents were under 19-20 years old, male, junior with allowance of 100-200 pesos per day. The Behavioral Consequences on Alcohol Use Among Students of Isabela State University-Main Campus were the following: First was the Profile of the Respondents, followed by the Awareness of the Respondents on Alcohol, Behavioral Consequences of Alcohol and lastly the Leading Factors on Using Alcohol. Based on the above conclusions, the following recommendations were: Clinicians are important to screen students of Isabela State University-Main Campus for alcohol misuse and provide persons engaged in risky or hazardous drinking with behavioral counselling interventions to reduce alcohol misuse. That those who do not consume alcoholic beverages should not start doing so because of the negative impact. Provide Educational Programs among Isabela State University-Main Campus students to enhance their knowledge about alcohol consumption. Since the majority of respondent were 19-20 years old, a similar study should be conducted regarding other possible behavioral consequences, awareness and factors on alcohol and should also be conducted with larger number of respondents. Keywords: behavioral consequences; alcohol use; students

Health Communication: Implications for Diverse Populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Amy Hasselkus
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Health Care Decisions ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Health Related

The need for improved communication about health-related topics is evident in statistics about the health literacy of adults living in the United States. The negative impact of poor health communication is huge, resulting in poor health outcomes, health disparities, and high health care costs. The importance of good health communication is relevant to all patient populations, including those from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Efforts are underway at all levels, from individual professionals to the federal government, to improve the information patients receive so that they can make appropriate health care decisions. This article describes these efforts and discusses how speech-language pathologists and audiologists may be impacted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document