scholarly journals Meaning in Life as a Moderator between Homophobic Stigmatization and Coping Styles in Adult Offspring from Planned Lesbian-Parent Families

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-606
Author(s):  
Henny Bos ◽  
Audrey S. Koh ◽  
Gabriël van Beusekom ◽  
Esther D. Rothblum ◽  
Nanette Gartrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Emotional Coping ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Introduction The current study examined whether achieving a sense of meaning in life moderated the association between experienced homophobic stigmatization and coping styles in emerging adult offspring of lesbian mothers. In the sixth wave of the U S National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study, completed in 2017, the 76 participating offspring were 25 years old. Methods The offspring completed an online survey containing questions about homophobic stigmatization, coping styles (problem-focused, active emotional, and avoidant emotional coping), and meaning in life. Results The interaction between homophobic stigmatization and meaning in life was significant for problem-focused and avoidant emotional coping. Further analyses showed that for participants with low levels of meaning in life, exposure to homophobic stigmatization was associated with less problem-focused coping and more avoidant emotional coping. Discussion The social policy implications of these findings suggest that achieving a sense of meaning in life can serve as a protective factor in reducing the negative influence of homophobic stigmatization on coping styles. Social Policy Implications Thus homophobia associated with being raised by sexual minority parents may affect offspring as adults, even after these offspring no longer live with their parents. This finding illuminates the importance of developing a sense of meaning in life by encouraging self-efficacy on the part of schools and community organizations.

scholarly journals Awareness of Meaning in Life is Protective Against Burnout Among Family Physicians: A CERA Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Hooker ◽  
Robert E. Post ◽  
Michelle D. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Program Directors ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Residency Program Directors

Background and Objectives: Burnout is considered a public health crisis among physicians and is related to poor quality of life, increased medical errors, and lower patient satisfaction. A recent literature review and conceptual model suggest that awareness of life meaning, or meaning salience, is related to improved stress and coping, and may also reduce experience of burnout. This study examined associations among meaning salience, burnout, fatigue, and quality of life among family medicine residency program directors. Methods: Data were collected via an online survey administered by the Council of Academic Family Medicine (CAFM) Educational Research Alliance (CERA; n=268, response rate of 45.4%) in December 2018. Program directors completed measures of meaning salience, burnout, fatigue, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlations and path analysis. Results: Program directors who reported greater experienced meaning salience also reported significantly less burnout (β=-.40, P<.001) and less fatigue (β=-.38, P<.001), which were then both significantly associated with greater quality of life (Ps<.001). Program directors who reported greater meaning salience also reported greater quality of life (β=.21, P<.001). Additionally, there were significant indirect associations between meaning salience and quality of life through less burnout and fatigue (β=.26, P<.001). Conclusions: The potential for increasing physicians’ awareness of their sense of meaning as a means to prevent or decrease burnout is underresearched and warrants further study. Both preventive measures (eg, wellness curricula) and interventions with already-distressed physicians may encourage regular reflection on meaning in life, especially during busy workdays.

scholarly journals Understanding the Differing Impacts of On-Call Work for Males and Females: Results from an Online Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Roberts ◽  
Grace Vincent ◽  
Sally Ferguson ◽  
Amy Reynolds ◽  
Sarah Jay
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Coping

On-call work is prevalent worldwide and is associated with adverse outcomes, including disrupted sleep, impaired leisure time, and difficulties in mentally detaching from work. Limited studies specifically explored whether men and women experience on-call differently; therefore, our aim was to investigate whether sex differences exist in terms of both the impacts of and coping strategies to deal with on-call work. On-call workers (n = 228) participated in an online survey to investigate how on-call work impacts domestic, non-domestic, and leisure activities, and coping strategies. Pearson chi-squared analyses were used to determine sex differences for each construct of interest. Results indicated that female respondents were more likely to be responsible for running their household, and reported that being on call disturbed leisure, domestic, and non-domestic activities “a lot/very much”. While both males and females adopted engaged coping styles, a greater proportion of males used “problem solving” and a greater proportion of females “talked about their feelings” when managing on-call work. These findings provide valuable insight into how males and females are differentially impacted and cope with on-call work. Further research is required to better understand these impacts, particularly over time, and should include measures such as of quality of life, relationship satisfaction, and physical and mental health outcomes.

The Impact of Death Anxiety, Meaning and Coping on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychiatric Co-Morbidity Among Iraqi Civilians Exposed to a Car Bomb Attack A Latent Class Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110551
Author(s):  
Man Cheung Chung ◽  
Fuaad Mohammed Freh
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
And Coping

Much has been documented that the experience of a bombing is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and psychiatric co-morbidity. Whether the co-existing relationship between death anxiety, meaning in life and coping styles would influence the aforementioned association is unknown. The present study aimed to identify latent classes of victims with different levels of death anxiety, meaning in life and coping styles, and to examine whether the severity of PTSD and co-morbid psychiatric symptoms differed between classes. One hundred and eighty-five victims who had experienced the first car bombing completed a demographic page, the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnosis Scale, General Health Questionnaire-28, Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale, Meaning in Life Questionnaire and Coping Responses Inventory. The results showed that 82% and 18% of the victims met the criteria for PTSD and no-PTSD, respectively. Four classes of victims were identified: Class 1 victims were approach copers with low levels of death anxiety and meaning. Class 2 victims were minimal copers with high levels of death anxiety and meaning. Class 3 victims were approach copers with a high level of death anxiety and meaning. Class 4 victims were avoidance copers with high levels of death anxiety. Individuals in Class 1 reported significantly lower levels of PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity than the other three classes. Class 3 victims also reported significantly lower levels of psychiatric co-morbidity than Class 2 victims. To conclude, victims exposed to a car bombing were likely to exhibit posttraumatic stress symptoms in addition to other psychological symptoms. The severity of these symptoms tended to be lower among those who had little fear of death, did not search for meaning in life and approached their distress proactively.

scholarly journals Demographic factors, attitude and knowledge of persons with special needs towards COVID-19 in Nigeria: Implications for counselling and social policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Kelechi Uchemadu Lazarus ◽  
David Adebayo Oluwole
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Government ◽  
Knowledge Of Persons ◽  
And Control

This study investigated demographic factors, attitude and knowledge of persons with special needs towards COVID-19 in Nigeria between 12th and 25th May, 2020. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 72 persons with special needs purposively selected from the six geo-political zones in Nigeria. A questionnaire comprising questions on demographic information (three), knowledge (24) and attitude (28) towards COVID-19 was completed via Google forms by the participants (r = 0.78). There were more males (51, 70.8%) than females (21, 29.2%) and the most common age group was 34-44 years (37.5%). The number of participants with a hearing impairment was 34 (47.2%) and the number with a visual impairment was 26 (36.1%). The results indicate adequate knowledge about the characteristics of COVID-19. It was found that 98.6% of the participants had heard about COVID-19; 94.4% were aware that COVID-19 is a contagious disease, 91.7% stated that COVID-19 is a virus and 88.9% reported correctly that the incubation period is 3-14 days. The knowledge about symptoms of COVID-19 among participants was high (x = 2.63; participants obtained 87.8% of the total achievable score for these questions). The knowledge about prevention and control of COVID 19 among participants needs was very high (x = 2.77; participants obtained 92.3% of the total achievable score for these questions). Attitude of participants towards the COVID-19 outbreak was positive and above average (x = 2.84). However, participants reported that it is hard to get palliatives or financial and material support from others during COVID-19 lockdown (52.8%) and that they feel frustrated by the uncaring attitude of the government towards them during COVID-19 lockdown (55.6%). On this basis, counselling and social policy implications were suggested including the need for widespread enlightenment on how to reduce hearing and vision impairments in the country.

scholarly journals Inner Harmony as an Essential Facet of Well-Being: A Multinational Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Carreno ◽  
Nikolett Eisenbeck ◽  
José Antonio Pérez-Escobar ◽  
José M. García-Montes
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Country Level

This study aimed to explore the role of two models of well-being in the prediction of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, namely PERMA and mature happiness. According to PERMA, well-being is mainly composed of five elements: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning in life, and achievement. Instead, mature happiness is understood as a positive mental state characterized by inner harmony, calmness, acceptance, contentment, and satisfaction with life. Rooted in existential positive psychology, this harmony-based happiness represents the result of living in balance between positive and negative aspects of one's life. We hypothesized that mature happiness would be a more prominent protective factor during the present pandemic than the PERMA composite. A total of 12,203 participants from 30 countries responded to an online survey including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the PERMA-Profiler, and the Mature Happiness Scale-Revised (MHS-R). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that PERMA and mature happiness were highly correlated, but nonetheless, they represented two separate factors. After controlling for demographic factors and country-level variables, both PERMA Well-being and MHS-R were negative predictors of psychological distress. Mature happiness was a better predictor of stress, anxiety, and general distress, while PERMA showed a higher prediction of depression. Mature happiness moderated the relation between the perceived noxious effects of the pandemic and all markers of distress (depression, anxiety, stress, and total DASS-21). Instead, PERMA acted as a moderator in the case of depression and stress. These findings indicate that inner harmony, according to the mature happiness theory, is an essential facet of well-being to be taken into consideration. The results of this study can also orient policies aimed to alleviate the negative effects of the pandemic on mental health through the promotion of well-being.

Spirituality as a Coping Strategy among Practitioners and Non Practitioners

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Palkee Baruah ◽  
Dr. Neelam Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Task Oriented

Taking the path less travelled by exploring your spirituality can lead to a clearer life purpose, better personal relationships and enhanced stress management skills. This study explores the role played by spirituality in coping and presents the relationships between spiritual dimensions and coping styles. Spirituality has been considered as an important buffer against stressful events which may help people to overcome their distress and difficulties. Some stress relief tools are very tangible: exercising more, eating healthy foods and talking with friends. A less tangible — but no less useful — way to find stress relief is through spirituality. Spirituality has many definitions, but at its core spirituality helps to give our lives context. It’s not necessarily connected to a specific belief system or even religious worship. Instead, it arises from your connection with yourself and with others, the development of your personal value system, and your search for meaning in life. For many, spirituality takes the form of religious observance, prayer, meditation or a belief in a higher power. For others, it can be found in nature, music, art or a secular community. Spirituality is different for everyone. Methods: One hundred individuals completed questionnaires which included the Expressions of Spirituality Inventory Douglas A. MacDonald 1997 and the Coping Strategies Assessment by DJ, 2008. The results suggest that five spiritual dimensions, i.e., Experiential/ Phenomenological Dimensions (EPD), Cognitive Orientation towards Spirituality (COS), Existential Well- Being (EWB), Paranormal Beliefs (PAR), and Religiousness (REL) play an important role in coping processes. The dimensions have a different impact on particular styles depending on their internal structure. Overall spirituality was associated with Task-oriented and Social Diversion coping. It means that people characterized by a high level of spirituality will try to solve problems through efforts aimed at solving the problem and seeking out social support. There was no statistically significant relationship between Religious attitudes and coping styles. Ethical sensitivity was positively connected with using Task-oriented, Avoidance-oriented, and Social Diversion coping. Harmony was associated positively with Task-oriented, but negatively with Avoidance-oriented, coping. The relationships between spirituality dimensions and coping styles confirmed the assumption that people’s reactions to stress relate to the configuration of their spiritual qualities. Results and Implications: The study reported that there is significant relationship between spirituality and coping. Individuals high on spirituality have positive coping strategies whereas individuals low on spirituality has negative coping strategies. Also it adds to the already existing data pool with equivocal studies.

scholarly journals Love in Quarantine: Sexting, Stress, and Coping During the COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Bianchi ◽  
Roberto Baiocco ◽  
Antonia Lonigro ◽  
Sara Pompili ◽  
Marta Zammuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Introduction This study investigated the relationships of pandemic-related stress and coping strategies with different kinds of sexting (i.e., experimental, risky, and emotional) during the COVID-19 lockdown in the Italian context. Methods A sample of 1929 emerging adults (Mage = 24.17, SDage = 2.75; 71.6% girls) completed an online survey about their sexting behaviors during the national lockdown in Italy. Data were gathered in April/May 2020, from 6th to 11th week of home confinement due to COVID-19 pandemic. Hierarchical regression and mediation analyses were performed. Results Pandemic-related stress directly predicted only risky and emotional sexting. Experimental and emotional sexting were positively predicted by social support, and negatively predicted by turning to religion. Risky and emotional sexting were positively predicted by avoidance, and negatively predicted by problem solving. Adaptive coping (i.e., social support) mediated the relationships from pandemic-related stress to both experimental and emotional sexting. Maladaptive coping (i.e., avoidance and problem solving) mediated the relationships from pandemic related-stress to risky and emotional sexting. Conclusions Sexting was a coping tool during COVID-19 lockdown, showing both adaptive and maladaptive facets. Policy Implications Findings suggest new directions for implementing programs of sexual education and safer Internet use targeted to young people.

scholarly journals Orthorexia Nervosa and Substance Use for the Purposes of Weight Control, Conformity, and Emotional Coping

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal D. Oberle ◽  
Haley S. Marcell ◽  
Natalie A. Noebel
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emotional Coping ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Purpose: Orthorexia nervosa (ON), characterized by extreme behaviors driven by the goal of eating only healthy and pure foods, could plausibly be associated with avoidance of nicotine, alcohol, and illicit drugs. However, findings from the limited research on these relationships are mixed, and other eating disorders are associated with greater substance abuse. Method: An online survey was completed by 471 participants (86% women, mean age = 20) recruited from undergraduate courses and through an Instagram advertisement. The questionnaires assessed ON symptomatology; frequency of smoking, alcohol consumption, and illicit drug use; abuse of these substances; and motivations for using these substances. Results: ON scores were not significantly related to the level of use or abuse of nicotine, alcohol, or most illicit drugs. Yet, ON scores were positively correlated with frequency of using illicit depressant drugs. Further, among substance users, ON scores were positively associated with smoking or vaping for the purpose of weight control, and with consuming alcohol and using illicit drugs for the purposes of conformity and coping with such negative emotions as anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Although people who are high in ON symptomatology may be at least partly driven by a strong desire to be as healthy as possible, they are not less likely to use potentially harmful drugs. Instead, many of them may even turn to certain drugs for the same weight-control and emotional-coping motives that guide the behaviors of individuals with other eating disorders.Level of evidence: Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study

scholarly journals Demographic factors, attitude and knowledge of persons with special needs towards COVID-19 in Nigeria: Implications for counselling and social policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Kelechi Uchemadu Lazarus ◽  
David Adebayo Oluwole
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Government ◽  
Knowledge Of Persons ◽  
And Control

This study investigated demographic factors, attitude and knowledge of persons with special needs towards COVID-19 in Nigeria between 12 th and 25 th May, 2020. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 72 persons with special needs purposively selected from the six geo-political zones in Nigeria. A questionnaire comprising questions on demographic information (three), knowledge (24) and attitude (28) towards COVID-19 was completed via Google forms by the participants (r = 0.78). There were more males (51, 70.8%) than females (21, 29.2%) and the most common age group was 34-44 years (37.5%). The number of participants with a hearing impairment was 34 (47.2%) and the number with a visual impairment was 26 (36.1%). The results indicate adequate knowledge about the characteristics of COVID-19. It was found that 98.6% of the participants had heard about COVID-19; 94.4% were aware that COVID-19 is a contagious disease, 91.7% stated that COVID-19 is a virus and 88.9% reported correctly that the incubation period is 3-14 days. The knowledge about symptoms of COVID-19 among participants was high (x = 2.63; participants obtained 87.8% of the total achievable score for these questions). The knowledge about prevention and control of COVID-19 among participants needs was very high (x = 2.77; participants obtained 92.3% of the total achievable score for these questions). Attitude of participants towards the COVID-19 outbreak was positive and above average (x = 2.84). However, participants reported that it is hard to get palliatives or financial support from others during COVID-19 lockdown (52.8%) and that they feel frustrated by the uncaring attitude of the government towards them during COVID-19 lockdown (55.6%). On this basis, counselling and social policy implications were suggested including the provision of palliatives by the government and the need for widespread enlightenment among individuals with special needs on prevention of COVID-19.

Mediated Moderation or Moderated Mediation: Relationship between Length of Unemployment, Resilience, Coping and Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Sojo ◽  
Leticia Guarino
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediated Moderation ◽  
Emotional Coping ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the present research was to evaluate a model of mediated moderation vs. moderated mediation that could explain the relationship between length of unemployment, dispositional resilience, coping styles and depression and social functioning of Venezuelan unemployed individuals. Self-report measures were administered to a sample of 328 unemployed residents in Caracas, Venezuela. Results indicated that emotional coping acted as a mediator in the relationship between resilience and depression. Individuals with greater resilience used more detachment coping when unemployment was longer, while individuals with poorer resilience in the same situation used less avoidance coping. Resilience acted as a protective moderating factor between longer periods of unemployment and social functioning, a process mediated by detachment coping. Overall, results supported a mediated moderation model, with resilience as the moderating factor and coping as the mediator in the relation between stress due to the length of unemployment and well-being.

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