Verification of SEU resistance in 65 nm high-performance SRAM with dual DICE interleaving and EDAC mitigation strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ze He ◽  
Shi-Wei Zhao ◽  
Tian-Qi Liu ◽  
Chang Cai ◽  
Xiao-Yu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Mitigation Strategies

scholarly journals Acrylamide Content in Food Commodities Consumed in North Macedonia and Its Risk Assessment in the Population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dimitrieska-Stojkovikj ◽  
A. Angeleska ◽  
B. Stojanovska-Dimzoska ◽  
Z. Hajrilai-Musliu ◽  
D. Koceva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Rich Food ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Thermally Processed ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Tandem Quadrupole

Background: Acrylamide (AA) is an important food contaminant resulted from Maillard reaction during thermal processing of carbohydrate rich food commodities. The present paper reports the data for the AA content in some types of thermally processed starch rich food, and assessment of dietary exposure for the population in North Macedonia. Methods: The AA level was determined employing modified and validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem quadrupole detector. A total of 160 samples divided in seven most frequently consumed commodity groups were collected for determination of their AA content. Finally, chronic exposure of AA in the population was estimated. Statistical analysis was performed applying OriginPro 8 SR4 v8.0951 software package Results: The average AA levels varied from 126.9±122.4 μg/kg for bread samples to 494.5±127.1 μg/kg for French fries samples. The dietary exposure of the population from North Macedonia for the tested food commodities was estimated at 0.643±0.171 μgAA/kgbw/day. The main contributor to the total AA intake was bread, with estimated value at 0.394±0.150 μgAA/kgbw/day. The margin of exposure values were 528 and 264, respectively for neurotoxicity and non-plastic effect calculated on average intake. Conclusion: The risk assessment analysis revealed increased concern for human health regarding the neoplastic effects, especially for infants, toddlers, and adolescents. This is the first study related to AA presence in different food commodities in North Macedonia, and implies that monitoring programs and mitigation strategies must be implemented.

scholarly journals Mycotoxins Consumption and Burden of Aflatoxin-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People Subsisting on Sorghum Based Products in the Derived Savannah Zone of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. H. Garba
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

Sorghum is a local grain that grows predominantly in the semi-arid, savannah and grassland region of Northern Nigeria and other parts of the world. Sorghum samples were collected from five districts in each of the six agro-ecological zones, while the sorghum based products such as gruel, pap and porridge were also sampled using A quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) followed by measurement of the body weight and  the quantity of food consumed by the respondents. The mycotoxin concentrations in both raw sorghum sample and the sorghum based products were determined using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mycotoxin concentrations determined from the two different samples was used to determine the amount of mycotoxins consumed by respondents from different age groups. Subsequently the burden of aflatoxin induced Hepato celluar carcinoma (HCC) in communities (within the zone) that subsist on sorghum and sorghum based products was also determined. There was a significant difference (P = 0.05) between the concentration of the mycotoxins in the raw and the processed sorghum samples in the area under study. The processing methods employed in the in the preparation of these products could not reduce the toxin level below the PTDI and TDI levels set by the regulatory agencies. Average daily consumption of sorghum based products based on age range was found to be 192.5 g/day, 617.0 g/day, 810.2 g/day and 746.1 g/day for the infants, children, adults and elderly respectively The incidence of HCC and the burden aflatoxin induced HCC in the HbsAg+ and the HbsAg- populations was alarmingly high. Sorghum is a major grain corn in the world agricultural economy and represents an important staple food for the populations of many developing countries. Nevertheless, the nutritional value of sorghum as human food, as well as a feed material for animals, is impaired by its susceptibility to infection by fungi and fungal metabolites and this calls for urgent mitigation strategies to avoid health emergencies particularly in the poverty stricken countries of the sub Saharan Africa where this crop is a common staple.

scholarly journals Frontiers in air quality modelling

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Colette ◽  
B. Bessagnet ◽  
F. Meleux ◽  
E. Terrenoire ◽  
L. Rouïl
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Computing System ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Computing Center

Abstract. The first pan-European kilometre-scale atmospheric chemistry simulation is introduced. The continental-scale air pollution episode of January 2009 is modelled with the CHIMERE offline chemistry transport model with a massive grid of 2 million horizontal points, performed on 2000 CPU of a high-performance computing system hosted by the Research and Technology Computing Center at the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CCRT/CEA). Besides the technical challenge, we find that model biases are significantly reduced, especially over urban areas. The high-resolution grid also allows revisiting of the contribution of individual city plumes to the European burden of pollution, providing new insights to target the appropriate geographical level of action when designing air pollution mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategies: Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a University Campus in Rome (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Battista ◽  
Luca Evangelisti ◽  
Claudia Guattari ◽  
Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro ◽  
Roberto De Lieto Vollaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Local Overheating ◽  
Urban Heat

The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is strictly related to climate changes and urban development. During summer, in urban areas, the lack of green zones and water sources causes local overheating, with discomfort and negative effects on buildings’ energy performance. Starting from this, an experimental and numerical investigating of the climatic conditions in a university area in Rome was achieved, also assessing the occurrence of the UHI phenomenon. The analyzed area was recently renewed, with solutions in contrast to each other: on one side, an old building was re-designed aiming at high performance; on the other hand, the neighboring areas were also refurbished leading to large paved surfaces, characterized by high temperatures during summer. A calibrated numerical model was generated through ENVI-met software and eight different scenarios were compared, to mitigate the overheating of this area and to analyze the influences of the proposed solutions in terms of air temperature reduction. The analysis of this case study provides information on potential mitigation solutions in the urban environment, showing that goals and priorities in the design phase should concern not only buildings but also external areas, also considering university areas.

‘High-health, high-performance’ horses: risk mitigation strategies for OIE-listed diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 837-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DOMINGUEZ ◽  
S. MUNSTERMANN ◽  
G. MURRAY ◽  
P. TIMONEY
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies

Riser and J-Tube VIV Analysis Using CFD and FSI for Platform Retrofit Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rubinstein ◽  
Andrew Campbell ◽  
Rodney Pinna
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Line Force ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
Viv Suppression

INTECSEA has been supporting a client in designing, modelling and assessing a proposal to add additional riser capacity to an existing platform through spare drill slots in the jacket structure. Traditional empirical analysis indicated that the spans between the guides would be subject to Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV), prompting the use of VIV suppression strakes. Analysis was performed to quantify the effectiveness of strakes and to optimise where they are required to minimize jacket loads and operational maintenance and inspection requirements. The current models for VIV have been developed for pipelines and long dynamic risers. Traditional rigid risers installed into a traditional jacket are not well covered. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling was undertaken using ANSYS CFX on bare riser sections, along with strakes of various characteristic parameters based on vendor specifications. A range of current conditions were modelled to stimulate the onset of VIV. Validation of the performance against shedding frequency and mesh independence was performed. This work demonstrated the performance of the strakes in reducing cross flow force amplitude as well as the fluctuating component of the in-line force. The frequency of the force response was also shown to be more random and act on a longer timescale than the bare riser. The increase in drag forces was also found to be of the order reported by the vendors contacted as part of this project. Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations were performed for the full riser length to better capture the interdependence of the vortex shedding and the motion of the riser by two-way coupling of the CFD and an FEA model built within ANSYS. Simulations also examined the splash zone where only part of the span was submerged. Larger simulations were performed to quantify the effect of damping due to the adjacent spans which have lateral constraints at the guides within the drill slots. This has been a challenging modelling activity as the CFD model is very large and required High Performance Computing (HPC) to run the model in parallel. The work has shown that the application of strakes is an effective method of addressing VIV phenomena within this application. The FSI simulations have examined the dynamic damping along the full riser length. Further modelling work can be performed to better understand the conservativeness of these mitigation strategies saving operators significant cost and time in installation and operating costs.

A High Performance Energy Analyzer for Use in Electron Scanning Microscopy

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe ◽  
M. Isaacson ◽  
D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Median Plane ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Uniform Field ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Electron Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Sector Type ◽  
Double Focusing ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

A double focusing magnetic spectrometer has been constructed for use with a field emission electron gun scanning microscope in order to study the electron energy loss mechanism in thin specimens. It is of the uniform field sector type with curved pole pieces. The shape of the pole pieces is determined by requiring that all particles be focused to a point at the image slit (point 1). The resultant shape gives perfect focusing in the median plane (Fig. 1) and first order focusing in the vertical plane (Fig. 2).

Vacuum System to Minimize the Specimen Contamination of High-Performance EM

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
N. Yoshimura ◽  
K. Shirota ◽  
T. Etoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cascade Type

One of the most important requirements for a high-performance EM, especially an analytical EM using a fine beam probe, is to prevent specimen contamination by providing a clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen. However, in almost all commercial EMs, the pressure in the vicinity of the specimen under observation is usually more than ten times higher than the pressure measured at the punping line. The EM column inevitably requires the use of greased Viton O-rings for fine movement, and specimens and films need to be exchanged frequently and several attachments may also be exchanged. For these reasons, a high speed pumping system, as well as a clean vacuum system, is now required. A newly developed electron microscope, the JEM-100CX features clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen, realized by the use of a CASCADE type diffusion pump system which has been essentially improved over its predeces- sorD employed on the JEM-100C.

Use of the Magnetostatic Analogue In Electromagnetic Lens Engineering

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
John W. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Force Fields ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Scalar Potentials ◽  
Geometric Elements ◽  
At Will

In the design engineering of high performance electromagnetic lenses, the direct conversion of electron optical design data into drawings for reliable hardware is oftentimes difficult, especially in terms of how to mount parts to each other, how to tolerance dimensions, and how to specify finishes. An answer to this is in the use of magnetostatic analytics, corresponding to boundary conditions for the optical design. With such models, the magnetostatic force on a test pole along the axis may be examined, and in this way one may obtain priority listings for holding dimensions, relieving stresses, etc..The development of magnetostatic models most easily proceeds from the derivation of scalar potentials of separate geometric elements. These potentials can then be conbined at will because of the superposition characteristic of conservative force fields.

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