scholarly journals Plasma bubbles: a route to sustainable chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungmi Hong ◽  
Tianqi Zhang ◽  
Renwu Zhou ◽  
Rusen Zhou ◽  
Kostya Ostikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Volume Discharge ◽  
Plasma Discharges ◽  
Plasma Bubble ◽  
Gas Discharges ◽  
Bubble Interactions ◽  
Innovative Solution

AbstractAtmospheric plasma discharges are finding increased applications in addressing environmental challenges including water purification, chemical synthesis and biotechnology. An effective means of interfacing the reactivity of plasma gas discharges with liquids is needed to enhance liquid phase chemical reactions. Plasma discharges in bubbles has been considered as an innovative solution for achieving this goal potentially offering electrically driven, sustainable chemistry with low energy consumption and the unique benefit of maintaining a large volume discharge under the liquid surface. Here we provide a concise review on the state-of-art for research on plasma-bubble interactions and a perspective for future research.

A Pilot Study of Mobile Telephone Message Interventions with Suicide Attempters in China

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Brian L. Mishara ◽  
Xiao Xian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
To Receive

Background: In China, where follow-up with hospitalized attempters is generally lacking, there is a great need for inexpensive and effective means of maintaining contact and decreasing recidivism. Aims: Our objective was to test whether mobile telephone message contacts after discharge would be feasible and acceptable to suicide attempters in China. Methods: Fifteen participants were recruited from suicide attempters seen in the Emergency Department in Wuhan, China, to participate in a pilot study to receive mobile telephone messages after discharge. All participants have access to a mobile telephone, and there is no charge for the user to receive text messages. Results: Most participants (12) considered the text message contacts an acceptable and useful form of help and would like to continue to receive them for a longer period of time. Conclusions: This suggests that, as a low-cost and quick method of intervention in areas where more intensive follow-up is not practical or available, telephone messages contacts are accessible, feasible, and acceptable to suicide attempters. We hope that this will inspire future research on regular and long-term message interventions to prevent recidivism in suicide attempters.

scholarly journals Meeting the challenges of public engagement, research impact and research participation as a baby and child lab

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Salter ◽  
Tina Altdörfer ◽  
Geraldine Brown ◽  
Malinda Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Public Engagement ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Local Stakeholders

As well as conducting research in developmental science, baby and child labs face additional pressures. They must demonstrate public engagement and research impact, while also recruiting enough participants to conduct research, something that can be particularly challenging with infants and young children. These different pressures compete for time and resources, leaving researchers struggling to engage effectively in all such activities. Here we describe a low-cost, easy-to-implement, enjoyable and effective means of simultaneously addressing the challenges of recruitment, public engagement and research impact. It started with a process of listening and knowledge exchange with relevant local stakeholders to discern the interests and needs of the local infant community (including families, health professionals and businesses). This process led to the establishment of a fortnightly educational and support group for pregnant women and mothers of young infants, which met in the lab. This group combined peer discussion, presentations on developmental psychology, and ‘taster’ activities for mothers and infants from local businesses. Data collected from questionnaires from the first and final sessions indicated significant improvements in participants’ understanding of relevant concepts in developmental psychology, and showed that participants found this information helpful and reported using it at home. Participants also reported feeling more socially connected and more confident as mothers as a result of the group. The group also served to boost research participation, with 94 per cent of participants subsequently taking part in lab research or signing up to be contacted about future research. This approach can be employed by baby and child labs looking for ways to effectively and enjoyably promote public engagement and research impact, and for those looking to establish strong relationships with local stakeholders. The success of this strategy demonstrates that the aims of recruitment, public engagement and research impact need not be competing pressures on researchers’ time, but can be mutually supporting aspects of the research process.

Exploring the Role of Service Quality and Knowledge for Mobile Health Services

2020 ◽  
pp. 1632-1653
Author(s):  
Nabila Nisha ◽  
Mehree Iqbal ◽  
Afrin Rifat ◽  
Sherina Idrish
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Facilitating Conditions

The use of mobile technology-based services has made healthcare delivery more accessible and affordable in recent times. In fact, mobile health services today act as an effective means of providing healthcare knowledge to users directly from providers. However, the cynical behavior of users regarding this medium of healthcare services often encircles around the quality of such services. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of service quality and knowledge among other underlying factors that can influence future use intentions of m-Health services in the context of Bangladesh. The conceptual model of the study identifies that certain aspects of service qualities like reliability, privacy, responsiveness, empathy and information quality along with facilitating conditions, effort expectancy, performance expectancy and social influence plays an important role in capturing users' overall perceptions of mobile health services. Finally, the study highlights managerial implications, future research directions and limitations from the Bangladesh perspective.

scholarly journals Nature-based solutions for hydro-meteorological risk reduction: a state-of-the-art review of the research area

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laddaporn Ruangpan ◽  
Zoran Vojinovic ◽  
Silvana Di Sabatino ◽  
Laura Sandra Leo ◽  
Vittoria Capobianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Projected Changes

Abstract. Hydro-meteorological risks due to natural hazards such as severe floods, storm surges, landslides and droughts are causing impacts on different sectors of society. Such risks are expected to become worse given projected changes in climate, degradation of ecosystems, population growth and urbanisation. In this respect, nature-based solutions (NBSs) have emerged as effective means to respond to such challenges. A NBS is a term used for innovative solutions that are based on natural processes and ecosystems to solve different types of societal and environmental challenges. The present paper provides a critical review of the literature concerning NBSs for hydro-meteorological risk reduction and identifies current knowledge gaps and future research prospects. There has been a considerable growth of scientific publications on this topic, with a more significant rise taking place from 2007 onwards. Hence, the review process presented in this paper starts by sourcing 1608 articles from Scopus and 1431 articles from the Web of Science. The full analysis was performed on 146 articles. The analysis confirmed that numerous advancements in the area of NBSs have been achieved to date. These solutions have already proven to be valuable in providing sustainable, cost-effective, multi-purpose and flexible means for hydro-meteorological risk reduction. However, there are still many areas where further research and demonstration are needed in order to promote their upscaling and replication and to make them become mainstream solutions.

Vividness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Ewell ◽  
Rosanna E. Guadagno
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Subsequent Research ◽  
Widespread Belief

According to Nisbett and Ross, “Information may be described as vivid, that is, as likely to attract and hold our attention and excite the imagination to the extent that it is (a) emotionally interesting, (b) concrete and imagery-provoking, and (c) proximate in a sensory, temporal, or spatial way.” Despite a widespread belief held by scholars and practitioners alike that vividness enhances persuasion, most early studies on this topic found weak or nonexistent vividness effects. To further understand this relationship, subsequent research focused on explaining these inconsistent findings. Taylor and Thompson explored the different ways that vividness has been operationalized across studies. Guadagno, Okdie, Sagarin, DeCoster, and Rhoads elucidated the conditions under which vividness enhances or detracts from persuasion. Generally, the extant literature suggests that vividness is an effective means of enhancing persuasion when the main point of a communication is the sole component made vivid. These findings caution against attempts to persuade by increasing overall message vividness, because off-thesis or incongruent vividness has the unintended and undercutting consequence of distracting influence targets from the point of the communication. This conclusion is based on the results of individual empirical studies as well as meta-analytic findings. Literature on shock advertising as a specialized case of vividness also exists. Future research on vividness might further delineate when, how, and why vividness sometimes enhances and sometimes detracts from persuasion.

scholarly journals Examining the Significance and Impact of Social Entrepreneurship

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.38) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Balasundram Maniam ◽  
Jared Engel ◽  
Geetha Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Definition Of

Social entrepreneurship has garnered a significant amount of attention over the last decade or two. With so much emphasis on economic and financial return, governments and commercial businesses often neglect or provide insufficient attention towards the social and natural environments. This recent surge in non-profit and social activity from social entrepreneurs is proving to be an effective means of doing business, stirring up much controversy amongst scholars along the way. This paper dives into the hotly debated definition of social entrepreneurship and examines the types of opportunities and challenges associated with new phenomenon. Then, the report concludes with a discussion on the complexity of social entrepreneurship and why future research is needed.  

No pain, no gain: how PACE information attenuates consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 525-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Montford ◽  
John Peloza ◽  
Ronald Earl Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health Consciousness ◽  
Future Consumption ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The current research contributes to the marketing literature by examining, and more importantly, better understanding a presentation format (i.e. PACE) in which caloric information is complemented with physical activity time required to offset consumption. The purpose of this paper is to systematically evaluate the impact of this approach in both actual and simulated consumption settings while providing evidence of its contribution to healthier decision-making. This research uncovered several important insights into how consumers are influenced by, and respond to, the presence of physical activity time. Design/methodology/approach The paper used experiential designs in five studies to examine how the presence of physical activity calorie equivalent (PACE) information affects consumption. The studies measured both intended and actual consumption behavior. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance as well as bootstrapping methods. Findings The paper establishes that PACE information reduces consumption compared to NLEA-mandated information. We show that the effectiveness of PACE information differs based on consumers’ level of health consciousness as well as food type. Our research also uncovers a moderating effect based on perceived difficulty of the featured activity. Finally, we show the psychological process underlying the effectiveness of PACE information. Research limitations/implications Future research can address the generalizability of current findings across different consumption domains and contexts. Our work focuses on the efficacy of information delivery at the point of consumption. The results of the current study may differ when the decision is being made at the point of purchase for future consumption. Practical implications The paper’s findings represent a win-win scenario for consumers and manufacturers alike. Manufactures stand to benefit from PACE information as many consumers are seeking healthier food options and are willing to pay a premium for items that help them make more healthful choices. Consumers will benefit as well, given the struggle with obesity and other diet-related ills, by being provided with a more effective means of making healthier choices. Social implications Obesity and diet-related chronic diseases are global pandemics affecting consumers throughout the world. This paper contributes to this issue by presenting manufacturers and researchers with a better understanding of how consumers can be encouraged to make healthier choices and overcome the barriers to healthier lifestyles. Originality/value This paper addresses a gap in the literature as well as an important social concern by better understanding how healthier nutrition choices can be encouraged.

scholarly journals Psychosocial intervention for carers of people with dementia: What components are most effective and when? A systematic review of systematic reviews

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Dickinson ◽  
Johanne Dow ◽  
Grant Gibson ◽  
Louise Hayes ◽  
Shannon Robalino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Group Format ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Informal Carers ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACTBackground:Psychosocial interventions for carers of people with dementia are increasingly recognized as playing an important role in dementia care. We aim to systematically review the evidence from existing systematic reviews of psychosocial interventions for informal carers of people with dementia.Methods:Thirty-one systematic reviews were identified; following quality appraisal, data from 13 reviews, rated as high or moderate quality, were extracted.Results:Well-designed, clearly structured multi-component interventions can help maintain the psychological health of carers of people with dementia and delay institutionalization of the latter. To be most effective, such interventions should include both an educational and a therapeutic component; delivery through a support group format may further enhance their effectiveness.Conclusions:Successful translation of evidence into practice in this area remains a challenge. Future research should focus on determining the most cost-effective means of delivering effective multi-component interventions in real-world settings; the cost-effective potential of technology-based interventions is considerable.

Perceptions of Justice in Extrinsic Reward Patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Hai Ming Chen ◽  
Peng Chuan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Extrinsic Reward ◽  
Extrinsic Rewards ◽  
Insight Into

Effective extrinsic rewards foster a positive culture within organizations. The current study reviewed algorithmic/experiential reward patterns and perceptions of justice in four businesses to gain insight into the perceptions of employees with regard to justice. Results indicate that perceptions of justice vary according to patterns in extrinsic rewards. This study also discovered that employees perceive fairness according to characteristics specific to the organization and industry. Managers must understand how employees perceive justice to determine the most effective means with which to implement extrinsic rewards, according to two distinct patterns. Suggestions for practical implementation and future research are also provided.

scholarly journals Systematic review of spica casting for the treatment of paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Tisherman ◽  
J. S. Hoellwarth ◽  
S. A. Mendelson
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Spica Casting ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Pubmed Database

PurposePaediatric femur fractures are commonly encountered and often successfully managed with spica casting. Despite spica casting’s long history there is little formal guidance for optimal outcomes and no consolidation of existing literature. The purpose of this study is to review the available literature regarding the use of spica casting for the management of paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures.MethodsThe PubMed database was queried for all research articles including the phrase “spica”. A total of 788 abstracts were reviewed for relevance to the current study. Data was extracted from all available research studies which specified tolerance for fracture angulation or shortening in the cast. Additionally, all articles describing alternative materials, methods for spica application, and complications of spica casting were reviewed.ResultsIn all, 106 articles were found relevant to the management of diaphyseal femur fractures in the paediatric population. The aggregated, accepted fracture shortening decreased from 16 mm to 18 mm before age ten years to 12 mm to 14 mm after puberty. Aggregated, accepted angulation decreased from 14° to 16° varus/valgus and 18° to 22° pro/recurvatum before age two years, to 6° to 8° and 10° to 12° by puberty, respectively. The overall reported complication rate was 19.6%, with the most common complication being skin compromise in 8.2% of patients, followed by unacceptable angulation at the fracture site in 4.2% of patients and excessive limb shortening in 1.9% of patients.ConclusionThis article reviews the available spica casting literature and compiles the available data. Spica casting offers a safe, effective means for definitive management of paediatric diaphyseal femur fractures. Future research identifying the rate and pattern of remodelling as it relates to angulation and shortening at various patient ages, particularly beyond the aforementioned norms, would be valuable to identify true biological tolerances versus accepted expert opinion.Level of evidence Level IIReview of level II evidence

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