The common cold: Clinical studies with four agents producing respiratory disease entities in human volunteers

1951 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Leon T. Atlas
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals THE PROTECTION AFFORDED BY VACCINATION AGAINST SECONDARY INVADERS DURING COLDS IN INFANCY

1934 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yale Kneeland
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
The Common ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Intensive Course

All intensive course of vaccination with the pathogenic bacteria of the upper respiratory tract modified favorably the winter outbreak of severe respiratory disease in an infant population. The incidence of the common cold was not affected. The significance of these findings is discussed.

scholarly journals The Value of Mixed Vaccines in the Prevention of the Common Cold

1927 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fergus R. Ferguson ◽  
A. F. C. Davey ◽  
W. W. C. Topley
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Acute Respiratory Disease ◽  
Adequate Test ◽  
The Common ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Although the common cold may appear to form a relatively trivial constituent of the mass of acute respiratory disease, which presents the student of preventive medicine with one of his most difficult and pressing problems, the total sickness and incapacity to which it gives rise is by no means small; and there are adequate reasons for regarding it as the occasional precursor of far more serious troubles. It is, therefore, not without interest to enquire, whether or no those procedures, which are commonly recommended as possessing prophylactic value, can make good their claim when submitted to an adequate test. The enquiry here recorded suffers from the fact that the total number of individuals at risk was relatively small; but the answer to the main question posed is so unambiguous, and accords so well with the results obtained in the only other adequate tests of which we have knowledge, that it seems desirable that it should be briefly recorded. It is possible, also, that some little interest attaches to the figures of frequency, duration and severity of common colds within a particular community

scholarly journals Effect of Tea Catechins on Influenza Infection and the Common Cold with a Focus on Epidemiological/Clinical Studies

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Furushima ◽  
Kazuki Ide ◽  
Hiroshi Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Common Cold ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Tea Catechins ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
The Common

Influenza and the common cold are acute infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. Influenza is a severe disease that is highly infectious and can progress to life-threating diseases such as pneumonia or encephalitis when aggravated. Due to the fact that influenza infections and common colds spread easily via droplets and contact, public prevention measures, such as hand washing and facial masks, are recommended for influenza prophylaxis. Experimental studies have reported that tea catechins inhibited influenza viral adsorption and suppressed replication and neuraminidase activity. They were also effective against some cold viruses. In addition, tea catechins enhance immunity against viral infection. Although the antiviral activity of tea catechins has been demonstrated, the clinical evidence to support their utility remains inconclusive. Since the late 1990s, several epidemiological studies have suggested that the regular consumption of green tea decreases influenza infection rates and some cold symptoms, and that gargling with tea catechin may protect against the development of influenza infection. This review briefly summarizes the effect of tea catechins on influenza infection and the common cold with a focus on epidemiological/clinical studies, and clarifies the need for further studies to confirm their clinical efficacy.

scholarly journals Corona viruses: reaching far beyond the common cold

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-13
Author(s):  
Kathleen M Coerdt ◽  
Amor Khachemoune
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Care ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
The Common ◽  
Human Coronaviruses

Background: Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are one of the most common causes of the “common cold”. Some HCoV strains, however, can cause fatal respiratory disease. Some examples of these diseases are severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). This article will review the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of HCoVs. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using the terms “human coronaviruses”, “MERS-CoV”, “SARS- CoV”, “SARS-CoV2”, “COVID-19”, and “common cold” in OVID MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Findings: Most HCoVs cause mild upper respiratory infections which resolve with supportive care and no sequelae. In recent decades, however, there have been outbreaks of novel HCoVs that cause more severe disease. This is largely due to HCoVs having large genomes which undergo frequent recombination events, leading to the emergence of novel and more virulent strains of the virus. These severe respiratory illnesses can lead to acute respiratory distress requiring invasive intervention, such as mechanical ventilation. These severe infections can lead to long-lasting sequelae in patients. Scientists continue to investigate potential treatments for these viruses, though supportive care remains the gold standard. Scientists have succeeded in devel- oping numerous vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and ongoing data collection and analysis will shed even more light on the next steps in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Due to the frequency of recombination events and the subsequent emergence of novel strains, HCoVs are be- coming more prevalent, making them a global health concern as they can lead to epidemics and pandemics. Understanding the epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of HCoVs is important, especially during this worldwide pandemic. Keywords: Coronavirus; common cold; severe respiratory disease; COVID-19.

scholarly journals STUDIES IN THE COMMON COLD

1930 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 701-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Dochez ◽  
Gerald S. Shibley ◽  
Katherene C. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infections ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Upper Respiratory

1. Chimpanzees are highly suitable animals for the experimental study of human upper respiratory infections. 2. Human colds have been successfully transmitted to apes and human volunteers in 44 per cent of instances tried by means of filtered nasal washings obtained from colds. 3. Certain types of infectious colds are caused by a filtrable agent.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE COMMON COLD

1936 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Dochez ◽  
K. C. Mills ◽  
Yale Kneeland
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Destructive Action ◽  
Embryo Tissue ◽  
The Common ◽  
Culture Virus

1. Studies of the cultivation of the virus of common cold in tissue medium, and the capacity of the culture virus to induce infection in human volunteers are reported. 2. Detailed descriptions are given of the methods employed to isolate the virus, preserve and cultivate it, and to test its activity in human volunteers. 3. The virus of common cold can easily be isolated from properly selected patients and cultivated in tissue medium. 4. When kept in the original nasopharyngeal washings, the virus will survive at ice box temperature under anaerobic conditions for at least 13 days. 5. If the nasopharyngeal washings are frozen and dried in vacuo, the virus retains its activity for at least 4 months. 6. The virus of common cold has been proven to multiply in medium containing chick embryo tissue. Such cultures retain their capacity to produce typical infections in human beings for many transfers involving a period of several months. Attempts to cultivate the virus have been successful in seven out of eight instances. 7. Prolonged cultivation of the virus in tissue medium eventually leads to a loss of activity. 8. Strains of virus under cultivation maintain their potency best when transfers are made at 2 and 3 day intervals. 9. After removal from the incubator a culture of virus rapidly becomes inactive whether it be kept under seal in the ice box or frozen and dried in vacuo. 10. The destructive action of the medium can be prevented if the culture is mixed with gum acacia before freezing and drying in vacuo.

Current updates on COVID-19 - A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ghotekar D S ◽  
Vishal N Kushare ◽  
Sagar V Ghotekar
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illness such as respiratory diseases or gastrointestinal diseases. Respiratory diseases can range from the common cold to more severe diseases. A novel coronavirus outbreak was first documented in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. A global coordinated effort is needed to stop the further spread of the virus. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been identified in humans previously. Once scientists determine exactly what coronavirus it is, they give it a name (as in the case of COVID-19, the virus causing it is SARS-CoV-2).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document