The effects of heat distress environment, vitamin, and trace mineral supplementation on performance, blood constituents, and tissue mineral concentrations in broiler chickens

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Deyhim ◽  
Barbara S. Stoecker ◽  
Bernece G. Adeleye ◽  
Robert G. Teeter
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

scholarly journals Methods of Trace Mineral Supplementation

EDIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Hersom ◽  
Todd A. Thrift
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Delivery Strategy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Animal Growth ◽  
Cattle Producer ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Trace minerals supplementation is an integral component of the total diet for beef cattle. Trace minerals from the diet function in many of the metabolic processes associated with animal growth, health, and reproduction. It is essential that cattle have access to trace minerals in their diet. However, the forage cattle consume as the bulk of their diet is often deficient in trace mineral concentrations. Therefore, cattle need to be supplemented with trace minerals on a regular basis. Cattle producers can choose from a number of different methods to supplement trace minerals to cattle. Each method has characteristic advantages and disadvantages. The value of the characteristics should be evaluated against management activities of each cattle producer to determine the optimal trace mineral delivery strategy.

302 Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation and Rate of Gain in Beef Heifers: Effects on Fetal Trace Mineral Reserves at Day 83 of Gestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Ana Clara B Menezes ◽  
Kacie L L McCarthy ◽  
Cierrah Kassetas ◽  
Friederike Baumgaertner ◽  
James D Kirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Vitamin And Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
Co Concentrations ◽  
Fetal Muscle

Abstract Thirty-five crossbred Angus heifers (body weight = 359.5 >± 7.1 kg) were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design to evaluate the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation [VMSUP; supplemented (VTM) vs. unsupplemented (NoVTM)] and rate of gain [GAIN; low gain (LG), 0.28 kg/d vs. moderate gain (MG), 0.79 kg/d] during the first 83 d of gestation on trace mineral concentrations in fetal liver, muscle, and allantoic (ALF) and amniotic (AMF) fluids. The VTM treatment (113 g supplement•heifer-1•d-1) was initiated a minimum 71 d before breeding. At breeding, heifers were either maintained on the basal diet (LG) or received the MG diet by adding a protein/energy supplement to the basal diet. On d 83 of gestation, samples of fetal liver, muscle, ALF, and AMF were collected and analyzed for trace mineral concentrations. In fetal liver, Se, Cu, Mn, and Co concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.04) for VTM than NoVTM, while Mo and Co greater (P ≤ 0.04) for LG than MG. In fetal muscle, VTM increased (P ≤ 0.02) concentrations of Se and Zn, whereas LG increased (P < 0.01) Zn. In ALF, Mo concentrations were affected (P = 0.03) by a VMSUP × GAIN interaction, with VTM-MG greater than NoVTM-MG; while VTM increased (P < 0.01) concentrations of Se and Co. Trace mineral concentrations were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) in AMF. In conclusion, VTM increased fetal liver Se, Cu, Mn, and Co concentrations; fetal muscle Se and Zn; and ALF Se and Co; while LG increased fetal liver Mo and Co concentrations and fetal muscle Zn. Our results confirm that managerial decisions associated with vitamin and mineral supplementation and rate of gain can alter fetal reserves of trace elements during early pregnancy.

Evaluation of iron, copper and zinc concentrations in commercial foods formulated for healthy cats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110262
Author(s):  
Stacie Summers ◽  
Jonathan Stockman ◽  
Jennifer A Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Food Products ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Dry Food ◽  
Raw Foods ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze iron, copper and zinc concentrations in commercial foods and compare among food formats (dry, canned, raw), foods marketed by age category (adult 1+ years and senior 7+ years) and foods intended for adult maintenance vs all life stages. Methods In total, 112 commercial non-therapeutic food products marketed for healthy adult and senior cats were purchased in the USA. Foods were analyzed for their proximate composition. Trace mineral concentrations were measured using inductively coupled argon plasma–optical emission spectroscopy and described on a calculated metabolizable energy basis using standard modified Atwater values. Results Measured iron (median 58.4 mg/1000 kcal [range 15.7–379.0]), copper (median 5.6 mg/1000 kcal [range 0.8–13.3]) and zinc (median 47.6 mg/1000 kcal [range 7.6–128.1]) concentrations were highly variable among cat foods. When all food products – regardless of their nutritional adequacy substantiation method – were compared with the Association of American Feed Control Officials regulatory minimums, 13/112 food products had a mineral deficiency, of which a majority (n = 11/13) were raw food products. Raw foods had significantly lower trace mineral concentrations compared with dry food products and, except for copper, canned food products. Cat foods marketed for senior cats had higher iron ( P = 0.019) and zinc ( P <0.0001) concentrations than foods marketed for adult cats. Foods intended for adult maintenance had higher iron ( P = 0.003) and zinc concentrations than foods intended for all life stages ( P <0.0001). Conclusions and relevance Iron, copper and zinc concentrations in commercial non-therapeutic foods for adult and senior cats are highly variable. A minority of foods – mainly raw food products – were deficient in these minerals. It is unknown if some foods with high trace mineral concentrations could have adverse effects as studies are needed to establish safe upper limits for dietary intake of trace minerals in healthy cats.

PSIII-25 The effects of varying levels of trace mineral supplementation on mineral balance and antibody concentrations in feedlot cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 287-288
Author(s):  
Brittany A Lippy ◽  
Blake K Wilson ◽  
Colton A Robison
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Herpesvirus Type ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Abstract Trace mineral (TM) supplementation is critical for optimal performance and health. The objective was to determine the effects of varying levels of TM supplementation on feedlot cattle TM status and antibody concentrations. Angus steers (n = 240; BW = 291 kg ± 27.4) were stratified by arrival BW and source and assigned to 1 of 4 treatments (12 pens/treatment; 5 steers/pen). Treatments included a negative control (CON) in which cattle received no TM supplementation, a requirement treatment (1X) in which cattle received added TM at 2016 Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle required levels, a 2 times requirements (2X), and a 4 times requirements (4X) treatment. Selenium was included at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/kg for 1X, 2X, and 4X respectively. Treatments were chosen based on reported TM supplementation levels from the 2015 Feedlot Consulting Nutritionist Survey. One steer was chosen at random from each pen to be evaluated for serum and liver TM status and antibody concentrations to respiratory viruses. There was treatment × day interaction for serum Co, and liver Cu and Se (P &lt; 0.0001). Serum Co was greatest for the 4X treatment from d 28 through harvest. Liver Cu was greatest for the 2X and 4X treatments from d 56 through harvest. Liver Se was greatest for 2X and 4X from d 28 through harvest. There was an effect of day on liver Co, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn (P &lt; 0.0001) and serum Cu, Mn, Mo, Se, and Zn (P &lt; 0.0019). Concentrations for individual TM had different trends over time, however, all reported values were within normal ranges. Serum Zn was greater at harvest (P = .02). There was an effect of time on Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Type 1A, Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1, Bovine Parainfluenza 3 virus antibody titer concentrations (P &lt; 0.0001).

scholarly journals 99 Effects of feeding 60% dried corn distillers grains plus solubles or the equivalent sulfur as calcium sulfate on trace mineral concentrations in serum and seminal plasma

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 80-81
Author(s):  
Cierrah J Kassetas ◽  
Joel Caton ◽  
James D Kirsch ◽  
Sheri T Dorsam ◽  
Kacie L McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
Half Sibling

Abstract Thirty-six half-sibling yearling Angus bulls [256 ± 8 d; initial BW = 320 ± 2 kg] were assigned one of three diets: 1) 60% concentrate as corn (CON; n = 12); 2) 60% DDGS (60DDGS; n = 12); 3) CON diet + equivalent sulfur of 60DDGS as CaSO4 (SULF; n = 12) to evaluate effects of feeding 60% DDGS or sulfur as CaSO4 on trace mineral (TM) concentrations in serum and seminal plasma. Bulls were fed in Calan gates for 112 days and targeted to gain 1.6 kg/d. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using PROC MIXED in SAS. In serum, treatment × day interactions were observed (P ≤ 0.03) for Cu, Se, and Mo. For Cu, no differences (P &gt; 0.15) were observed at d 0 or 56, but at d 112, 60DDGS was reduced (P &lt; 0.01) compared with SULF and CON. At d 0, no differences (P &gt; 0.09) were observed for Se; however, at d 56 and 112, 60DDGS was greater (P &lt; 0.01) than CON and SULF. For Mo, at d 0, 60DDGS was greater (P = 0.03) than CON, whereas SULF was intermediate, but at d 56 and 112, CON was greater (P &lt; 0.01) than SULF and 60DDGS. In seminal plasma, treatment × day interactions were observed (P ≤ 0.02) for Cu and Mo. For Cu, no differences (P ≥ 0.09) were observed at d 0 or 56, but at d 112, CON and 60DDGS were greater (P &lt; 0.01) compared with SULF. For Mo, at d 0, 60DDGS was greater (P = 0.03) than SULF, whereas CON was intermediate, but on d 56 and 112, CON was greater (P &lt; 0.01) than 60DDGS and SULF. Differences observed for TM may have influenced enzyme activity and semen kinematics which were previously reported.

Strategies of inorganic and organic trace mineral supplementation in gestating hyperprolific sow diets: effects on the offspring performance and fetal programming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Villagómez-Estrada ◽  
José F Pérez ◽  
Sandra van Kuijk ◽  
Diego Melo-Durán ◽  
Asal Forouzandeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Mineral Supplementation ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Inorganic Mineral

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of trace mineral nutrition on sow performance, mineral content, and intestinal gene expression of neonate piglets when inorganic mineral sources (ITM) were partially replaced by their organic mineral (OTM) counterparts. At 35 d post-mating, under commercial conditions, a total of 240 hyperprolific multiparous sows were allocated into three experimental diets: 1) ITM: with Zn, Cu, and Mn at 80, 15, and 60 mg/kg, respectively; 2) Replace: with a 30 % replacement of ITM by OTM, resulting in ITM + OTM supplementation of Zn (56 + 24 mg/kg), Cu (10.5 + 4.5 mg/kg), and Mn (42 + 18 mg/kg); and 3) Reduce and replace (R&R): reducing a 50 % of the ITM source of Zn (40 + 24 mg/kg), Cu (7.5 + 4.5 mg/kg), and Mn (30 + 18 mg/kg). At farrowing, 40 piglets were selected, based on birth weight (light: &lt; 800 g, and average: &gt; 1,200 g), for sampling. Since the present study aimed to reflect results under commercial conditions, it was difficult to get an equal parity number between the experimental diets. Overall, no differences between experimental diets on sow reproductive performance were observed. Light piglets had a lower mineral content (P &lt; 0.05) and a downregulation of several genes (P &lt; 0.10) involved in physiological functions compared to their average littermates. Neonate piglets born from Replace sows had an upregulation of genes involved in functions like: Immunity and Gut barrier, compared to those born from ITM sows (P &lt; 0.10), particularly in light piglets. In conclusion, the partial replacement of ITM by their OTM counterparts represents an alternative to the totally inorganic supplementation with improvements on neonate piglet gene expression, particularly in the smallest piglets of the litter. The lower trace mineral storage together with the greater downregulation of gut health genes exposed the immaturity and vulnerability of small piglets.

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