Semen Collection and Artificial Insemination with Fresh Semen

AbstractNon-lethal methods for semen collection from elasmobranchs to better understand species reproduction has accompanied the development of artificial insemination. Ejaculates (n = 82) collected from whitespotted bamboo sharks Chiloscyllium plagiosum (n = 19) were assessed and cold-stored raw or extended at 4 °C. Females (n = 20) were inseminated with fresh or 24–48 h cold-stored raw or extended semen and paternity of offspring determined with microsatellite markers. Insemination of females with fresh semen (n = 10) resulted in 80 hatchlings and 27.6% fertility. Insemination of females with semen cold-stored 24 h (n = 4) and 48 h (n = 1) semen resulted in 17 hatchlings and fertilization rates of 28.1% and 7.1% respectively. Two females inseminated with fresh or cold-stored semen laid eggs that hatched from fertilization and parthenogenesis within the same clutch. Parthenogenesis rate for inseminated females was 0.71%. Results demonstrate artificial insemination with cold-stored semen can provide a strategy for transport of male genetics nationally and internationally, precluding the need to transport sharks. Production of parthenotes in the same clutch as sexually fertilized eggs highlights the prevalence of parthenogenesis in whitespotted bamboo sharks and poses important considerations for population management.

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Semen Viability Properties of Sexually Stimulated Boars on the Fertilization Capacity of Artificially Inseminated Large White Sows

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.bf-1413 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tshepo Teele

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Practical Method ◽

Return Rate ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Large White ◽

Sexual Stimulation ◽

Semen Collection ◽

Fertilization Capacity ◽

Farrowing Rate

Background: This study aimed to investigate the influences of sexual preparation on the effects of boars’ semen viability on the fertilization capacity of artificially inseminated sows. After all, boar sires more pigs than farrowed by a sow which the boar has been mated to improve reproductive parameters in response to AI. Methods: The semen viability of boars were studied during various sexual stimulations and analyzed during the study period. Sperm rich fractions were collected and separated at every level of sexual stimulation during the morning (08:30) and the afternoon (14:30) hours, respectively. Artificial insemination was performed following three levels of sexual preparations of boars (0 minutes of sexual restraint (MSR), 5 MSR and 10 MSR) before semen collection. Receptive sows were inseminated and evaluated for fertility traits using non-return rate, farrowing rate and litter size. Result: The non-return rate was recorded as a percentage of sows conceived after insemination over the total number of sows inseminated. The farrowing rate was recorded as a percentage of sows that farrows over the number of sows conceived and litter size as several live piglets per sow. Sexual desire was influenced by sexual preparations and significantly influenced the fertility of the artificially inseminated sows. This study is of practical significance to the animal breeder mainly because boars have greater influence than sows on the average litter size and live piglets. The study concludes that the use of at least 5 to 10 minutes of sexual restraint during the afternoon periods prior to semen collection and artificial insemination is found to be a practical method for optimizing sperm viability and fertility of sows in the intensive system.

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Evaluating the ability of semen cryopreservation of Blance Blue Belge bull cattle in Vietnam

Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.15625/1811-4989/16332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 237-244

Author(s):

Nguyen Huu Duc ◽

Pham Thu Giang ◽

Tran Thi Binh Nguyen ◽

Nguyen Thi Mai ◽

Bui Dai Phong

Keyword(s):

Sperm Motility ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Joint Stock Company ◽

Stock Company ◽

Cattle Breeding ◽

Semen Cryopreservation ◽

Semen Collection ◽

Frozen Semen ◽

Semen Volume ◽

Fresh Semen

The objective of this study was to determine the semen cryopreservation capacity of BBB bulls in Hanoi-Vietnam. Research conducted on the fresh semen collected from 05 BBB bulls. Results showed that semen color was normal (milky white, ivory white, ivory yellow), semen volume ranged from 6.35 mL to 7.48 mL (P <0.05), initial motility of semen ranged from 80.53% to 82.92% (P <0.05), sperm concentration in semen ranged from 1.02 x 109 sperms/ml to 1.12 x 109 sperms/mL (P <0.05), abnormal sperm ratio ranged from 6.45% to 8.12% (P <0.05), alive sperm ratio ranged from 76.34% to 82.97% (P <0.05), sperm motility after thawing from straw semen ranged from 71.33% to 75.92% (P<0.05). In conclusion, successfully semen collection from 05 breeding BBB bulls at Hanoi Cattle Breeding Joint Stock Company, semen samples had normal color and good quantity and quality, suitable for production of frozen semen; and semen cryopreservation of straws of the 05 bull BBB semen mentioned at -196oC, sperm motility after freezing-thawing reached the economic and technical norms of 675/2014 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.

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Viability of Peranakan Etawah Liquid Semen Preserved in Tris Substituted with Various Energy Sources

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner ◽

10.14334/jitv.v25i2.2026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

Nurul Afzan Hilda Zakiya ◽

A H Yanti ◽

T R Setyawati

Keyword(s):

Energy Source ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Block Design ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Frozen Semen ◽

Semen Preservation ◽

Semen Extender ◽

Fresh Semen

The use of liquid semen for artificial insemination program of Etawah crossbreed goat (PE) is an alternative to replace frozen semen which is constrained by limited and expensive facilities. Production of liquid semen is faster than frozen semen, but the viability of liquid semen which preserved with a standard extender such as tris egg yolk is very short. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of PE goat semen in egg yolk tris substituted with energy sources such as glucose, galactose, and mannose and to determine the most efficient energy source for semen preservation. This research was conducted from August to September 2018 at the Artificial Insemination Center in Lembang, West Java. This study was designed in a randomized block design (RBD) consist of three experimental groups divided into five groups. Fresh semen of PE goats were preserved using extender which energy source has been modified. Results showed that using glucose in PE goat semen extender produced the best motility among other groups (64.29 ± 9.2%). The highest viability was found in extender with fructose substitution (86.76 ± 2.3%). The longest viability of liquid semen was found in the extender with glucose substitution. It lasted for six days.

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Repeatability and Phenotypic Correlation Among Semen Quality Traits in Holstein Bulls

Buletin Peternakan ◽

10.21059/buletinpeternak.v42i4.36423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Argi Argiris ◽

Siswanto Imam Santoso ◽

Yon Supri Ondho ◽

Edy Kurnianto

Keyword(s):

Artificial Insemination ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Method ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Quality Traits ◽

Frozen Semen ◽

Holstein Bulls ◽

Fresh Semen ◽

Selection Of

The purpose of this research was to analysis the value of repeatability and correlation among the traits affecting the production of frozen semen from Holstein’s bull in Indonesia. Repeatability and correlation were calculated based on the data of frozen semen production of 15.699 records from 44 Holstein bulls at Singosari Artificial Insemination Center (SAIC) and 8.935 records from 39 Holstein bulls at Lembang Artificial Insemination Center (LAIC). Repeatability for volume, motility, fresh semen concentration and frozen semen production was evaluated by intraclass correlation method. The repeatability values of LAIC for volume, motility, fresh semen concentration and frozen semen production were 0.60; 0.54; 0.37 and 0.47. The repeatability values of SAIC for volume, motility, fresh semen concentration and frozen semen production were 0.54; 0.30; 0.43 and 0.29. The linear correlation value between volume, motility and fresh semen concentration with the amount of semen produced per collections were 0.41, 0.36, and 0.58. Concentration was the most factors influencing the number of frozen semen produced. The effectiveness of the selection of Holstein's frozen semen producing could be determined by the value of repeatability and the phenotypic correlation among semen quality traits such as volume, motility, concentration and frozen semen production.

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A COMPARISON OF FRESH AND FROZEN SEMEN IN THE INSEMINATION OF CONFINED SHEEP

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas79-088 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 685-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

G. A. LANGFORD ◽

G. J. MARCUS ◽

A. J. HACKETT ◽

L. AINSWORTH ◽

H. F. PETERS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Embryonic Mortality ◽

Frozen Semen ◽

Serum Gonadotropin ◽

Early Embryonic Mortality ◽

The Difference ◽

Natural Service ◽

Fresh Semen

The reproductive performance of crossbred sheep maintained in total confinement was compared after artificial insemination with fresh or frozen semen. Estrus was synchronized with progestagen-impregnated vaginal sponges and pregnant mares’ serum gonadotropin. Inseminations were performed 54 and 60 h after sponge removal. The fertility of ewes inseminated with fresh semen was significantly higher than of ewes inseminated with frozen semen. Conception rates, lambing rates and litter size were 83%, 78% and 2.2 using fresh semen and 65%, 43% and 1.8 using frozen semen. In a group of similar ewes bred by natural service, the lambing performance was comparable to that obtained with fresh semen. The difference between conception and lambing rates suggests an increase in early embryonic mortality when breeding with frozen semen and confirms the need for improved frozen semen technology.

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Artificial insemination with fresh semen in beagle bitches.

The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science ◽

10.1292/jvms1939.50.193 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 193-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Toshihiko TSUTSUI ◽

Tomoyuki TEZUKA ◽

Toshimitsu SHIMIZU ◽

Ikuko MURAO ◽

Eiichi KAWAKAMI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Insemination ◽

Fresh Semen

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A comparative study of boar semen extenders with different proposed preservation times and their effect on semen quality and fertility

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb201685010023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marina Anastasia Karageorgiou ◽

Georgios Tsousis ◽

Constantin M. Boscos ◽

Eleni D. Tzika ◽

Panagiotis D. Tassis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Insemination ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Medium Term ◽

Semen Collection ◽

Chromatin Integrity ◽

Boar Semen ◽

Short Time

The present study compared the quality characteristics of boar semen diluted with three extenders of different proposed preservation times (short-term, medium-term and long-term). A part of extended semen was used for artificial insemination on the farm (30 sows/extender), while the remaining part was stored for three days (16–18 °C). Stored and used semen was also laboratory assessed at insemination time, on days 1 and 2 after the collection (day 0). The long-term extender was used for a short time, within 2 days from semen collection, with the aim to investigate a possible advantage over the others regarding laboratory or farm fertility indicators at the beginning of the preservation time. Viability, motility, kinetic indicators, morphology and DNA fragmentation were estimated. The results showed reduced viability, higher values for most of the kinetics, and higher immotile spermatozoa from day 1 to day 2 in all extenders; however, the long-term extender was superior compared to the other two on both days. With regard to morphology and chromatin integrity, the percentage of abnormal and fragmented spermatozoa increased on day 2 compared to day 1 for all of the extenders. However, based on the farrowing rate and the number of piglets born alive after the application of conventional artificial insemination within 2 days from semen collection/dilution, it was found that the medium-term diluents were more effective. In conclusion, it seems that the in vivo fertilization process involves more factors than simply the quality of laboratory evaluated sperm indicators, warranting further research.

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Conservation of wild silkworm genetic resources through cryopreservation: Standardization of sperm processing

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i2.1733 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 544-547

Author(s):

G. Lokesh ◽

Geetha N Murthy ◽

Veeranna Gowda ◽

Alok Sahay ◽

Gargi Gargi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Resources ◽

Seminal Vesicle ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Female Moth ◽

Male Moth ◽

Semen Collection ◽

Wild Silkworm ◽

Viable Sperm

Conservation of the invaluable sericigenous genetic resources is of prime importance with respect to their utilization and improvement for wider exploitation. Conservation of wild silkworms and its applicability in hybridization have limitations due to incompatibility, less amenability, change of behaviour under ex situ conditions, non-synchronization of moth eclosion and difficulties in mating between variables. In view of this, the newer technologies such as cryopreservation and artificial insemination are offering better strategies for preservation of biologically active samples like semen at sub-zero temperature (-196º C) conditions for longer duration. In this context, under standardization of sperms preservation from wild silkworms, two methods of semen collection were scrutinized for obtaining active and viable sperm for cryopreservation and further artificial insemination. Semen collection from the seminal vesicle of freshly emerged male moth and the other from the bursa copulatrix (BC) and spermatheca of the female moth after mating. The sperms in the semen collected from seminal vesicle are in the form of bundles known as eupyrene sperm bundles and apyrene sperms. The morphology and behaviour of these sperm bundles were recorded through microscopic examination. To study the density and motility behaviour of the sperms, sperm bundles were treated with proteolytic enzyme (~2-3µg/ml) to digest the membrane and release the sperms. The density and motility behaviour of sperms in the semen recovered from the BC and spermatheca of female moth after mating were higher compared to those released after digestion of sperm bundles from seminal vesicle of the male moth.

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19 FACTORS AFFECTING PREGNANCY RATE AFTER ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION WITH EQUINE SEMEN: PRODUCTION OF THE FIRST FOAL USING FROZEN SEMEN IN KOREA

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv23n1ab19 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Y. S. Park ◽

Y. G. Cho ◽

K. H. Cho ◽

G. J. Cho

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Rate ◽

Artificial Insemination ◽

Technology Development ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Development Program ◽

Field Trials ◽

Pregnancy Rates ◽

Chi Square ◽

Semen Collection ◽

Frozen Semen

Research in the area of equine artificial insemination (AI) has led to its increased application in field trials (Loomis and Graham, 2008). However, procedures for equine semen collection, cooling and freezing of semen and artificial insemination need further improvement. This study examined the effect of semen preparation and ovulation on equine AI success. Stallion semen was collected via artificial vagina, diluted with skim-milk extender, and preserved by either cooling to 4°C or cryopreservation and storage in liquid nitrogen. Mares were examined by ultrasound for follicle development with every 12 h during oestrus. During AI, semen was inserted into uterine horn adjacent to the ovulating follicle sized over 4 cm and irregular shape. In experiment 1, mares were inseminated with either cooled, cooled-transported, or frozen–thawed semen. Cooled semen was used immediately after collection and cooling. Cooled-transported semen was used 4 h after semen collection and dilution. Semen freezing procedure was followed by Moore et al. (2006). In experiment 2, we examined the effect of buffer (skim-milk extender), which was infused into the uterus at the time of AI with frozen–thawed semen. In experiment 3, we compared AI pregnancy rates for mares ovulating spontaneously v. after treatment with hCG. Pregnancy data were analysed Chi square test where P-values < 0.05 were considered significantly different. In experiment 1, the pregnancy rates after AI using cooled, cooled-transported, and frozen–thawed semen were 60 (10/6), 50 (8/4), and 37.5% (8/3), respectively, and similar among treatments. In experiment 2, the pregnancy rate of mares infused with buffer at AI was 37.5% (8/3) which was higher than that with no buffer (0%; 6/0). In experiment 3, the pregnancy rates of mares were similar between ovulated spontaneously (25%; 8/2) and ovulated with hCG (50%; 8/4). The results suggest that equine semen that has been cooled, cooled and transported or frozen can be successfully used to establish AI pregnancy. Also, the pregnancy rates after AI can be increased by infusing buffer into the uterus at AI or by inducing ovulation with hCG. These experiments resulted in the first foal produced in Korea with frozen–thawed equine semen. This research was supported by Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea.

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