Evaluation of dry matter intake and daily weight gain predictions of the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System with local breeds of beef cattle in China

ABSTRACT: We developed and evaluated a fast and simple method to obtain suitable bone samples for densitometry and chemical analysis through biopsies of the 12th rib of cattle. The postoperative recovery, dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily weight gain (ADG) was evaluated in 36 Nellore steers, nine of which were randomly selected for the control group and 27 others were rib biopsied. Every 30 days, rib biopsy was performed in nine steers, using a corded-electric pistol-grip drill coupled with a hole saw of a 3mm diameter pilot drill bit. This rib biopsy technique provided a suitable sample obtained in a fast way and allowed the surgeon to work alone with the animal slightly sedated and restrained in the crush. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected in biopsied animals. At the end of the experimental period (116 days) the average daily weight gain (ADG) was similar in the steers biopsied or not. The described method provided rib samples from cattle suitable for densitometry and chemical analysis of bone tissue without effects on health and performance. This information could greatly increase the accuracy for the diagnosis of phosphorus deficiency in cattle raised on pasture and allow the evaluation of bone metabolism in experimental animals.

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Beef production from silage 3. The effect of supplements of hay and dried grass on the performance of beef cattle

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100001732 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 195-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Thomas ◽

R. M. Tetlow ◽

B. G. Gibbs ◽

Margaret Gill

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

High Temperature ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Ad Libitum

ABSTRACT1. The primary growth of perennial ryegrass was cut between 7 and 9 June and ensiled with formic acid at 2·5 1/t. The regrowth was cut on 24 July; part was dried at high temperature (dried grass), the remainder was left to dry in the field (hay). The dried grass (DG) and part of the hay were ground and pelleted, the hay being pelleted alone (PH) or with the addition of formaldehyde at 20 g/kg crude protein (PHF). The remainder of the hay was offered in the chopped form (CH). The four supplements (CH, PH, PHF, DG) were offered at two levels, 6·5 (L) and 130 (H) g dry matter per kg live weight to 54 British Friesian steers (initial live weight, 110 kg) receiving the silage ad libitum.2. The silage had a high pH and a high proportion of the total nitrogen was in the form of ammonia, indicating poor fermentation. The solubility of nitrogen in the supplements was highest (262 g/kg total nitrogen) in CH, progressively less in PH and PHF and lowest (122 g/kg total nitrogen) in DG.3. Total dry-matter intake was highest with DG at the higher level of inclusion. Dry-matter intake was significantly higher for PH and PHF than for CH (P < 0·001). However, intake of digestible energy did not differ between hays. Live-weight gain was increased from a low level of 0·24 kg/day (silage alone) by all supplements, but this effect was greater with DG than with the hays (P < 0·001). Level of supplementation increased live-weight gain from 0·54 to 0·74 kg/day.4. Supplements of dried grass gave higher live-weight gains than did hay made from the same sward. However, the results indicate that supplementation of badly preserved silage with grass hay of good quality can produce acceptable levels of performance of up to 0·70 kg/day in 4-month-old steers. Processing of the hay had little effect on animal performance.

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Ractopamine hydrochloride on performance and carcass traits of confined Nellores cattle

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20141145 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 1830-1834 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

João Luis Kill ◽

Ismail Ramalho Haddade ◽

Iron Cardoso dos Santos Júnior ◽

Douglas Haese ◽

Alberto Chambela Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Average Weight ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽

Four Levels ◽

Positive Effect

The effect of four levels of inclusion (0; 450; 900 and 1,350g T-1) of Ractopamine hydrochloride was assessed concerning weight gain, feed conversion, dry matter intake, carcass traits and quality of castrated male cattle meat in confinement. Forty Nellore steers were used, with an average age of 26 months and initial average weight of 423.4±2.7kg, in a randomized block experimental design with four treatments and ten replications. The diet was fixed with the ratio of forage to concentrate dry matter of 75.3:24.7. A Linear positive effect observed was the inclusion of Ractopamine on daily weight gain and linear negative effect on feed conversion, highlighting the improvements with the increasing inclusion of Ractopamine hydrochloride. In relation to carcass traits, the linear effect was negative for fat thickness and no differences were found regarding the hot carcass weight ; carcass yield; area, width and depth of rib eye area of the Longissimus dorsi muscle, and noble courts. In relation to dry matter intake, the comparison of the treatments demonstrated that Ractopamine didn't influence negatively, which highlights its positive effect on the animal performance. The use of Ractopamine improves performance and decreases de amount of superficial fat in male nellore carcass in confinement.

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Effects of Replacing Grass with Foliage on Growth Rate and Feed Intake in Goats—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3163

Author(s):

Cecilia Kronqvist ◽

Daovy Kongmanila ◽

Ewa Wredle

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

General Effect ◽

Average Daily Weight Gain ◽

Positive Effect

Small ruminants such as goats have a higher preference for browse species than cattle and sheep. In a meta-analysis of 42 papers describing 117 experimental treatments found by a search performed in June 2021 in PubMed and Web of Knowledge, we examined the general effect of including foliage in the diet of goats, replacing grasses, on dry matter intake and average daily weight gain. The inclusion requirement for a paper was that it described a controlled trial with a control diet of grass and with grass replaced by foliage in the experimental diet. Publication bias was estimated by calculating the Fail-safe n. Random effects analyses were conducted, using effect size calculated as Hedges’ d. The results showed that inclusion of foliage increased feed intake (Hedges’ d = 1.350, SE = 0.388) and average daily weight gain (Hedges’ d = 1.417, SE = 0.444) compared with a grass-based control. The positive effect of foliage inclusion on dry matter intake was associated with lower neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and higher crude protein (CP) in the foliage than in the grass it replaced. The positive effect on average daily weight gain was associated with higher CP concentration in the foliage than in grass. Foliage inclusion level showed a quadratic relationship with dry matter intake, with maximum dry matter intake achieved at a level of 50–60%. There was wide variation between the studies reviewed, and this variation was not reduced by subgroup analysis based on different kinds of foliage. In conclusion, the addition of foliage to goat diets can increase feed intake and daily weight gain, as an effect of the dietary preferences of goats and of generally higher nutritional value in foliage species compared with natural/semi-natural grass species.

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Use of Agriculture Byproduct and Swamp Grass as Matterial for Ammoniation of Total Mixed Fiber in Ration on Ballinese Cattle Performance

JURNAL PETERNAKAN ◽

10.24014/jupet.v18i2.12688 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

A. Imsya ◽

Muhakka Muhakka ◽

F. Yossi

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Native Grass ◽

Daily Body Weight

ABSTRACT. This study was design to evaluated about the using of total mixed fiber ammoniation (TMFA) in ration on Ballinese beef performance. This study used an experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 types of treatmentt ration based on TMFA usage level and 3 replications. The treatmentts were R1 = 60% native grass (Control), R2 = 20% TMFA + 40% native grass, R3 = 40% TMFA + 20% native grass, R4 = 60% TMFA. The ration is added with a 40% concentrate to obtain 100% ration. The comparison between forage and concentrate is 60:40. Parameters measured in vivo are performance (ration intake, dry matter intake, crude protein intake, daily body weight gain and ration efficiency). The results showed that treatmentt significantly influenced (P <0.05) on ration intake, dry matter intake, daily body weight gain and ration efficiency, but the treatmentt unsignificantly influenced (P>0.05) on crude protein intake. It can be concluded that the use of 60% TMF ammoniation in the ration shows the best result, that is ration intake 6.89 kg/head/day, dry matter intake 6.25 kg / head / day, daily weight gain 0.47 kg / head / day and efficiency of ration 7.42%.Pemanfaatan Hasil Samping Pertanian dan Rumput Rawa sebagai Bahan Amoniasi Total Mixed Fiber (TMF) dalam Ransum Terhadap Performa Sapi BaliABSTRAK. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pemanfaatan amoniasi Total Mixed Fiber (TMFA) dalam ransum terhadap performa sapi Bali. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari R1= 60% rumput Raja (control), R2 = 20% TMFA + 40% rumput Raja, R3 = 40% TMFA + 20% Rumput Raja, R4 = 60% TMFA. Ransum ditambah 40% konsentrat untuk memperoleh 100% ransum. Perbandingan hijauan dan konsentrat adalah 60:40. Parameter yang diukur adalah konsumsi ransum, konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi protein kasar, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi ransum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0.05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan dan efisiensi ransum, namun perlakuan tidak memberi pengaruh yang nyata (P>0.05) terhadap konsumsi protein. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah pemakaian amoniasi TMF 60% dalam ransum memberikan hasil terbaik dengan konsumsi ransum 6.89kg/ekor/hari, konsumsi bahan kering 6.25/kg/ekor/hari, pertambahan berat badan 0.47kg/ekor/hari dan efisiensi ransum 7.42%.

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Replacing oat hay with coffee husk in the feed of finishing lambs

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n4p1653 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1653 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lais Belan ◽

Fabíola Cristine de Almeida Rego ◽

Filipe Alexandre Boscaro de Castro ◽

Camila Cano Serafim ◽

Marta Juliane Gasparini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Live Weight ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Coffee Husk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The One ◽

Error Weight

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of replacing oat hay with coffee husk for the feeding of confined lambs. In this study, 24 male Texel lambs of approximately 60 days of age and with a mean ± standard error weight of 21.95 ± 5.81 kg were examined. Their diet was composed of 30% oat hay and 70% concentrated feed per kilogram of dry matter. The experimental design was randomized and included four treatments (0, 7.5, 15, and 22.5% of coffee husk in the total dry matter), with six replicates of each treatment. The animals were slaughtered when they reached a mean live weight of 32 kg. There was no significant difference in dry matter intake and mean daily weight gain (which were 197 g day-1) among treatments. The mean daily weight gain (DWG) was not significantly affected (P > 0.05) by the replacement of oat hay with coffee husk in the diet, with the overall mean DWG being 215.05 g day-1. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) among treatments in any of the studied carcass variables, and the mean true carcass yield was 53.9%. The lambs presented a mean finishing score of 2.96 (on a scale of 1 to 5) and a conformation of 4.21 (on a scale of 1 to 6), characterizing them as good carcasses. In terms of economic viability, the 7.5% diet stood out as the one that had the highest profitability, generating a profit of $ 3.25 USD per kg of carcass produced. Coffee husk can therefore replace oat hay in the feed of finishing lambs in concentrations of 0.075 to 0.225 kg kg-¹ of total dry matter with biological and economical efficacy and generating good commercial carcasses.

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Effect of cold drinking water on performance, rectal temperature, respiratory rate of Zebu and Jersey cattle in Ibadan, Nigeria

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v44i4.505 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 101-109

Author(s):

A. A. Adeyemi ◽

O. A. Olorunnisomo

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Rectal Temperature ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Cold Water ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Negative Effect

High ambient temperature and relative humidity exert a negative effect on the performance of both Bostaurus and Bosindicus cattle in Nigeria. The use of water sprinklers to shower cattle may have the ability to mitigate the effect of heat stress. In this study, cold drinking water (10 C 15 C) and ordinary drinking water (20 C -25 C) were offered to six Jersey and six Sokoto Gudali heifers to compare the effect on heat stress. They were divided into two treatments each. Each treatment had three replicates and cattle were assigned in a completely randomised design to the treatment. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, dry matter intake, daily weight gain and percentage body weight were measured. At three months of administration of treatment, mean morning and afternoon RT varied from 37.94C to39.17 C for Sokoto Gudali and 37.97 C to 39.21 C for Jersey heifers, RR varied from 20.54 bpm to 30.73 bpm for Gudali and 32.17 bpm to 42.63 bpm for Jersey heifers. There were significant (P<0.05) differences in respiratory rate, rectal temperature and dry matter intake between both the zebu and exotic heifers given ordinary water and those given cold water when treatments were administered. Mean RT was 38.99 C and 38.14 C for Gudali and 38.98 C and 38.34 C for Jersey heifers while mean RR was 28.12 bpm and 23.11 bpm for Gudali and 39.89 and 33.78 bpm for Jersey heifers. DMI were 4.14 kg/d and 6.01 kg/d, daily weight gain were 0.27 kg/d and 0.50 kg/d and FCR were 15.33 and 12.02. Cold drinking water is an effective method of ameliorating heat stress in zebu and Jersey breeds of cattle.

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Replacement of lucerne by Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves in the diet of growing goats

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16560 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (7) ◽

pp. 1293

Author(s):

A. Ortiz-Rodea ◽

M. González-Ronquillo ◽

N. López-Villalobos ◽

A. García-Martínez ◽

R. Rojo-Rubio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Latin Square ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Enterolobium Cyclocarpum ◽

Growing Goats

Animal production in tropical regions is commonly limited by the low crude protein content and digestibility of pastures, particularly during the dry season. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of including Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves (ECL) (0%, 15% and 30%) in diets as a partial replacement for lucerne on dry-matter intake (DMI), weight gain and nitrogen (N) balance in growing Saanen goats (12.6 ± 3.2 kg at 3 months of age) and the digestibility of the diet. Daily weight gain, DMI and digestibility were analysed in a 3 × 3 Latin square design replicated three times. The inclusion of ECL did not affect daily weight gain or DMI (P > 0.05). There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences for N intake among the diets, but the inclusion of 30% ECL significantly (P = 0.01) increased N excreted in faeces. These results suggest that ECL can be used as a partial substitute of lucerne in diets for growing goats, without affecting animal performance.

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Effect of supplementation of fish meal on growth and reproductive performance of crossbred heifers

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14917 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 261-266

Author(s):

MS Alam ◽

MH Rashid ◽

ME Uddin ◽

M Asaduzzaman

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Initial Weight ◽

Significant Difference

The experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm to study the effect of fish meal (FM) on growth and reproductive performances of crossbred heifers. The experiment was designed into four treatment (T0=0% FM; T1=5% FM; T2=7.5% FM and T3 =10% FM) groups having initial weight 231.33 ± 32.39, 241.00 ± 46.29, 198.66 ±58.53 and 236.66 ± 31.64 kg, respectively. The average age of the animal is 2 years 9 month. Results of the experiment revealed that there was a significant difference of FM on daily DMI (kg/d). In 90 days period, FM with rice straw based diet had significant effect on daily weight gain (kg/d) of crossbred heifers. DM, CP and CF digestibility (%) differ significantly (p<0.05) among the group. But, the EE, Ash and NFE do not differ significantly. However, there is a tendency to increase digestibility when increase the FM among the Treatment group. Among this group T3 and T1 treatment showed 100% and T0 treatment 66% estrus and T1 did not showed estrus. Based on above findings, it may be concluded that supplementation of FM with Rice straw based diet can be the best options for feeding crossbred heifers to obtain better performances in terms of dry matter intake, digestibility, daily weight gain and reproductive performance especially estrus.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14917 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 261-266, 2012

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