Urban forest and per capita income in the mega-city of Sao Paulo, Brazil: A spatial pattern analysis

Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 103099
Author(s):  
Bruna Lara Arantes ◽  
Nicole Rennó Castro ◽  
Leandro Gilio ◽  
Jefferson Lordello Polizel ◽  
Demóstenes Ferreira da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita

scholarly journals Obesity and Places Where People Living in Sao Paulo City, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barbosa Barbosa ◽  
Breno Souza Aguiar ◽  
Marcelo Antunes Failla ◽  
Ligia Vizeu Barrozo ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
High Income ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
The North ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Background The built environment characteristics and urban form can influence health outcomes like obesity in people living in high-income countries. However, there are few studies in megacities from middle-high income countries like Brazil in which the built environment has been modified and obesity has been growing slightly. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: 1) to describe the body mass index (BMI) and obesity in different health administrative areas in Sao Paulo; 2) to investigate the association between BMI and obesity with the places where people lived according to social and demographics variables, health variables, built environment, and family per capita income. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that used the Sao Paulo Health Survey dataset (2015) with 3,145 individuals (18 years or older). The weight and height were self-reported and was calculated the BMI. Residential locations were geocoded, types and the mix of destinations were calculated in 500m buffers. We used multilevel models to examine the association between BMI and obesity with the places where the people lived. Results The Midwest region showed the highest mean of the mix of destinations than other areas and the lowest prevalence of overweight and obesity. The BMI was higher for people that lived in North, Southeast, South, and East than Midwest after adjusted. Individuals that lived in North (OR=1.69 CI95% 1.18-2.43) and Southeast (OR=1.66 CI 95%1.17-2.37) had increased the likelihood for obesity compared with Midwest after adjusted by social and demographic variables, physical activity level, mix of destinations, and family per capita income. Conclusion This study found that individuals that lived in the North, Southeast, South, and East had higher BMI than people who lived in Midwest, and people that lived in the North and Southeast had increased the likelihood of obesity compared with the Midwest area. The place where people living can influence BMI and obesity in megacities like Sao Paulo, Brazil. Key words: Body Mass Index, Obesity, Built Environment, Multilevel analysis.

scholarly journals Frequency of nutritional disorders and their risk factors among children attending 13 nurseries in São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-335
Author(s):  
Tulio Konstantyner ◽  
José Augusto Aguiar Carrazedo Taddei ◽  
Thais Cláudia Roma Oliveira Konstantyner ◽  
Laura Cunha Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Per Capita

ABSTRACTCONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Nutritional disorders are associated with health problems earlier in life. The objective here was to estimate the frequency of nutritional disorders and their risk factors among children. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in nurseries at 13 day-care centers in São Paulo, Brazil.METHODS: The mothers of 482 children were interviewed, with anthropometry on these children. Children whose anthropometric indices for weight and height were greater than two standard deviations were considered to have nutritional disorders.RESULTS: Children in families with lower per capita income (odds ratio [OR]: 2.25; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.08-4.67) and who presented neonatal risk (OR 8.08; 95% CI: 2.29-28.74), had incomplete vaccinations (OR 3.44; 95% CI: 1.15-10.31) or were male (OR 3.73; 95% CI: 1.63-8.56) were more likely to be malnourished. Children in families with lower per capita income were also less likely to be overnourished (OR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19-0.88). Children who were exclusively breastfed for less than two months (OR 2.95; 95% CI: 1.35-6.44) or who were male (OR 2.18; 95% CI: 1.02-4.65) were also at greater risk of being overnourished. Children who presented neonatal risk (OR 3.41; 95% CI: 1.04-11.23), had incomplete vaccinations (OR 3.18; 95% CI: 1.307.76), or were male (OR 2.76; 95% CI: 1.56-4.90) were more likely to have a nutritional disorder.CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional disorders remain present in children attending nurseries in São Paulo. Actions should focus on boys, children who were exclusively breastfed for less than two months and those without up-to-date vaccinations.

scholarly journals Preliminary spatial pattern analysis of Huanglongbing in São Paulo, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Bassanezi ◽  
L. A. Busato ◽  
A. Bergamin Filho ◽  
L. Amorim ◽  
T. R. Gottwald
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals Demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Silva Fontes ◽  
Ana Carolina Pallottini ◽  
Diva Aliete dos Santos Vieira ◽  
Mariane de Mello Fontanelli ◽  
Dirce Maria Marchioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Per Capita

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) varies according to the characteristics of the population. Objective: To investigate the SSB intake and demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with its consumption in adolescents, adults, and older adults in São Paulo. Methods: Data were drawn from the Health Survey of São Paulo, a cross-sectional population-based study including 1,662 individuals aged 12 years or more. SSB were classified into six groups: sugar-sweetened sodas, sweetened coffee and tea, sweetened milk and dairy products, sweetened fruit juice, sweetened fruit drink, and total SSB. The association of each group with demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables was assessed using linear regression models. Results: The mean SSB intake was 668.4 mL in adolescents, 502.6 mL in adults, and 358.2 mL in elderly adults. Sodas and sweetened coffee and tea represented had the greatest contribution to energy intake. SSB consumption was lower among female sex and higher among overweight adolescents, among sufficiently active adults, and among lower household per capita income older adults. Consumption of SSB was high, particularly among adolescents. Public policies are required in order to decrease the consumption of these beverages. Conclusion: Age group, sex, household per capita income, and body mass index status were associated with SSB intake.

scholarly journals Impacts of the Recent Expansion of the Sugarcane Sector on Municipal per Capita Income in São Paulo State

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Satolo ◽  
Mirian Bacchi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Per Capita

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impacts of this expansion on the income of people in the state’s districts and towns. Beginning with a breakdown of the main determinants of per capita income, a spatial dynamic panel model is proposed. The proportion of adults in the municipal population, the labour force utilization rate, and the average labour income were used as control variables. Furthermore, to isolate the impacts of the expansion of the sugarcane sector on per capita gross domestic product (GDP), the share of farming in municipal areas, the share of agriculture within farming in general, the share of sugarcane farming within agriculture, and a dummy for districts and towns with an operational plant were included in the model. The series cover the 645 districts and towns of São Paulo State from 2000 to 2008. The results of the system generalized method of moments (system-GMM) showed a positive relationship of spatial and temporal dependence in the real per capita GDP. And the estimated direct and indirect effects indicate that the expansion of the sugarcane sector had a positive impact on per capita GDP, both in towns where the expansion took place and in their neighbouring towns.

INFLUÊNCIA DE INDICADORES SOCIAIS NOS CASOS POSITIVOS DE DENGUE NO INTERIOR DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Claudia Lucia LIMA ◽  
Erika Cristina Silva Batista QUEIROZ ◽  
Geraldo José SANT'ANNA ◽  
Luiz Sergio VANZELA
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Per Capita

A dengue é um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, tendo como o vetor, o mosquito Aedes aegypti, cuja proliferação apresenta forte relação com fatores sociais. Sabendo – se que o município de Fernandópolis encontra-se entre os 25% dos municípios paulista com maiores números de casos de dengue e os fatores sociais são decisivos neste processo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência de indicadores sociais nos casos positivos de dengue no município de Fernandópolis – SP. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, com dados secundários, por meio de modelos matemáticos, sendo analisada a densidade demográfica e renda bruta per capita, de 40 bairros no de 2011. Nestes bairros observou-se que tanto aqueles de alta, como naqueles de baixa densidade demográfica, houve aumento nos casos positivos de dengue. Também observou- se que os casos de dengue tenderam a reduzir com o aumento da renda bruta per capita.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

A Successful Population Policy: Potentials and Constraints (Distinguishedl Lecture)

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (4I) ◽  
pp. 411-431
Author(s):  
Hans-Rimbert Hemmer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Per Capita

The current rapid population growth in many developing countries is the result of an historical process in the course of which mortality rates have fallen significantly but birthrates have remained constant or fallen only slightly. Whereas, in industrial countries, the drop in mortality rates, triggered by improvements in nutrition and progress in medicine and hygiene, was a reaction to economic development, which ensured that despite the concomitant growth in population no economic difficulties arose (the gross national product (GNP) grew faster than the population so that per capita income (PCI) continued to rise), the drop in mortality rates to be observed in developing countries over the last 60 years has been the result of exogenous influences: to a large degree the developing countries have imported the advances made in industrial countries in the fields of medicine and hygiene. Thus, the drop in mortality rates has not been the product of economic development; rather, it has occurred in isolation from it, thereby leading to a rise in population unaccompanied by economic growth. Growth in GNP has not kept pace with population growth: as a result, per capita income in many developing countries has stagnated or fallen. Mortality rates in developing countries are still higher than those in industrial countries, but the gap is closing appreciably. Ultimately, this gap is not due to differences in medical or hygienic know-how but to economic bottlenecks (e.g. malnutrition, access to health services)

Income-Based Poverty among Non-Farm Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-210
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Service Category ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Per Capita

This paper focuses upon the magnitude of income-based poverty among non-farm households in rural Punjab. Based on the primary survey, a sample of 440 rural non-farm households were taken from 44 sampled villages located in all 22 districts of Punjab.The poverty was estimated on the basis of income level. For measuring poverty, various methods/criteria (Expert Group Criteria, World Bank Method and State Per Capita Income Criterion) were used. On the basis of Expert Group Income criterion, overall, less than one-third of the persons of rural non-farm household categories are observed to be poor. On the basis, 40 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, around three-fourth of the persons of all rural non-farm household categories are falling underneath poverty line. Similarly, the occurrence of the poverty, on the basis of 50 percent State Per Capita Income Criteria, showed that nearly four-fifths of the persons are considered to be poor. As per World Bank’s $ 1.90 per day, overall, less than one-fifth of rural non-farm household persons are poor. Slightly, less than one-fourth of the persons are belonging to self-employment category, while, slightly, less than one-tenth falling in-service category. On the basis of $ 3.10 per day criteria, overall, less than two-fifth persons of all rural non-farm household categories were living below the poverty line.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document