scholarly journals Nasal microbiome research in ANCA-associated vasculitis: strengths, limitations, and future directions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kronbichler ◽  
Ewan M. Harrison ◽  
Josef Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Future Directions ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
Microbiome Research

Dynamics of the Preterm Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain C Cuna ◽  
Michael J Morowitz ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
Shahid Umar ◽  
Venkatesh Sampath
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health And Disease

Advances in metagenomics have allowed a detailed study of the gut microbiome, and its role in human health and disease. Infants born prematurely possess a fragile gut microbial ecosystem that is vulnerable to perturbation. Alterations in the developing gut microbiome in preterm infants are linked to life-threatening diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late onset sepsis; and may impact future risk of asthma, atopy, obesity, and psychosocial disease. In this mini review, we summarize recent literature on the origins and patterns of development of the preterm gut microbiome in the perinatal period. The host-microbiome-environmental factors that portend development of dysbiotic intestinal microbial patterns associated with NEC and sepsis are reviewed. Strategies to manipulate the microbiome and mitigate dysbiosis, including the use of probiotics and prebiotics will also be discussed. Finally, we explore the challenges and future directions of gut microbiome research in preterm infants.

scholarly journals The Current and Future State of Department of Defense (DoD) Microbiome Research: a Summary of the Inaugural DoD Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium Informational Meeting

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Glaven ◽  
Kenneth Racicot ◽  
Dagmar H. Leary ◽  
J. Philip Karl ◽  
Steven Arcidiacono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Future State ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRACT The Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) was recently established to enhance collaboration, coordination, and communication of microbiome research among Department of Defense (DoD) organizations. The TSMC aims to serve as a forum for sharing information related to DoD microbiome research, policy, and applications, to monitor global advances relevant to human health and performance, to identify priority objectives, and to facilitate Tri-Service (Army, Navy, and Air Force) collaborative research. The inaugural TSMC workshop held on 10 to 11 May 2017 brought together almost 100 attendees from across the DoD and several key DoD partners. The meeting outcomes informed attendees of the scope of current DoD microbiome research efforts and identified knowledge gaps, collaborative/leveraging opportunities, research barriers/challenges, and future directions. This report details meeting presentations and discussions with special emphasis on Tri-Service labs’ current research activities.

scholarly journals Microbiome Studies from Saudi Arabia over the Last 10 Years: Achievements, Gaps, and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Khalid J. Alzahrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Industrial Enzymes ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
Microbiome Research

In the past ten years, microbiome studies have shown tremendous potentiality for implementation of understanding microbiome structures and functions of various biomes and application of this knowledge for human betterment. Saudi Arabia is full of geographical, ecological, ethnical, and industrial diversities and scientific capacities. Therefore, there is a great potential in Saudi Arabia to conduct and implement microbiome-based research and applications. However, there is no review available on where Saudi Arabia stands with respect to global microbiome research trends. This review highlights the metagenome-assisted microbiome research from Saudi Arabia compared to the global focuses on microbiome research. Further, it also highlights the gaps and areas that should be focused on by Saudi microbiome researchers and the possible initiatives to be taken by Saudi government and universities. This literature review shows that the global trends of microbiome research cover a broad spectrum of human and animal health conditions and diseases, environmental and antimicrobial resistance surveillance, surveillance of food and food processing, production of novel industrial enzymes and bioactive pharmaceutical products, and space applications. However, Saudi microbiome studies are mostly confined to very few aspects of health (human and animal) and environment/ecology in last ten years, without much application. Therefore, Saudi Arabia should focus more on applied microbiome research through government, academic, and industry initiatives and global cooperation to match the global trends.

scholarly journals Challenges in Human Skin Microbial Profiling for Forensic Science: A Review

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Neckovic ◽  
Roland A. H. van Oorschot ◽  
Bianca Szkuta ◽  
Annalisa Durdle
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Microbial Profiling ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Microbial Samples

The human microbiome is comprised of the microbes that live on and within an individual, as well as immediately surrounding them. Microbial profiling may have forensic utility in the identification or association of individuals with criminal activities, using microbial signatures derived from a personal microbiome. This review highlights some important aspects of recent studies, many of which have revealed issues involving the effect of contamination of microbial samples from both technical and environmental sources and their impacts on microbiome research and the potential forensic applications of microbial profiling. It is imperative that these challenges be discussed and evaluated within a forensic context to better understand the future directions and potential applications of microbial profiling for human identification. It is necessary that the limitations identified be resolved prior to the adoption of microbial profiling, or, at a minimum, acknowledged by those applying this new approach.

scholarly journals Considerations for mosquito microbiome research from the Mosquito Microbiome Consortium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsa Dada ◽  
Natapong Jupatanakul ◽  
Guillaume Minard ◽  
Sarah M. Short ◽  
Jewelna Akorli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Geographical Locations

In the past decade, there has been increasing interest in mosquito microbiome re-search, leading to large amounts of data on different mosquito species, with various underlying physiological characteristics, and from diverse geographical locations. However, guidelines and standardized methods for conducting mosquito microbiome research are lacking. To streamline methods in mosquito microbiome research, optimize data quality, reproducibility, and comparability, as well as facilitate data curation in a centralized location, we are establishing the Mosquito Microbiome Consortium, a collaborative initiative for the advancement of mosquito microbiome research. Our overall goal is to collectively work on unravelling the role of the mosquito microbiome in mosquito biology, while critically evaluating its potential for mosquito borne disease control. This perspective serves to introduce the consortium and invite broader participation. It highlights the issues we view as most pressing to the community and proposes guidelines for conducting mosquito microbiome re-search. We focus on four broad areas in this piece (1) sampling/experimental design for field, semi-field or laboratory studies, (2) metadata collection (3) sample processing, sequencing, and use of appropriate controls, and (4) data handling and analysis. We finally summarize current challenges and highlight future directions in mosquito microbiome research. We hope that this piece will spark discussions around this area of disease vector biology, as well as encourage careful considerations in the design and implementation of mosquito microbiome research.

Intestinal organoids: a model to study the role of microbiota in the colonic tumor microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 1583-1594
Author(s):  
Harika Nalluri ◽  
Subbaya Subramanian ◽  
Christopher Staley
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Models ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Metabolic Interactions ◽  
Crc Management ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Novel Model

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that a dysbiotic shift in the intestinal microbial composition of CRC patients influences tumorigenesis. Gut microbes are known to be integral for intestinal homeostasis; however, the mechanisms by which they impact CRC are unclear. Further knowledge about these complex interactions may guide future CRC management. Thus, it is crucial to establish high-quality experimental models to understand the relationship between host, tumor, microbiota and their metabolic interactions. In this review, we highlight the significance of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in CRC, challenges with current experimental models, advantages and limitations of organoid culture and future directions of this novel model system in CRC-associated microbiome research.

scholarly journals The microbiome in rheumatology: Where are we and where should we go?

2020 ◽  
pp. annrheumdis-2019-216631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Manasson ◽  
Rebecca B Blank ◽  
Jose U Scher
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Human Microbiome Project ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Micro Organisms

From birth, humans coexist and coevolve with trillions of micro-organisms inhabiting most body surfaces and cavities, referred to as the human microbiome. Advances in sequencing technologies and computational methods have propelled the exploration of the microbiome’s contribution to human health and disease, spearheaded by massive efforts such as the Human Microbiome Project and the Europe-based MetaHit Consortium. Yet, despite the accumulated body of literature and a growing awareness among patients, microbiome research in rheumatology has not had a key impact on clinical practice. Herein, we describe some of the landmark microbiome studies in autoimmunity and rheumatology, the challenges and opportunities of microbiome research and how to navigate them, advances in related fields that have overcome these pitfalls, and future directions of harnessing the microbiome for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Considerations for mosquito microbiome research from the Mosquito Microbiome Consortium

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsa Dada ◽  
Natapong Jupatanakul ◽  
Guillaume Minard ◽  
Sarah M. Short ◽  
Jewelna Akorli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Geographical Locations

AbstractIn the past decade, there has been increasing interest in mosquito microbiome research, leading to large amounts of data on different mosquito species, with various underlying physiological characteristics, and from diverse geographical locations. However, guidelines and standardized methods for conducting mosquito microbiome research are lacking. To streamline methods in mosquito microbiome research and optimize data quality, reproducibility, and comparability, as well as facilitate data curation in a centralized location, we are establishing the Mosquito Microbiome Consortium, a collaborative initiative for the advancement of mosquito microbiome research. Our overall goal is to collectively work on unraveling the role of the mosquito microbiome in mosquito biology, while critically evaluating its potential for mosquito-borne disease control. This perspective serves to introduce the consortium and invite broader participation. It highlights the issues we view as most pressing to the community and proposes guidelines for conducting mosquito microbiome research. We focus on four broad areas in this piece: (1) sampling/experimental design for field, semi-field, or laboratory studies; (2) metadata collection; (3) sample processing, sequencing, and use of appropriate controls; and (4) data handling and analysis. We finally summarize current challenges and highlight future directions in mosquito microbiome research. We hope that this piece will spark discussions around this area of disease vector biology, as well as encourage careful considerations in the design and implementation of mosquito microbiome research.

Combining integrated systems-biology approaches with intervention-based experimental design provides a higher-resolution path forward for microbiome research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alfredo Blakeley-Ruiz ◽  
Carlee S. McClintock ◽  
Ralph Lydic ◽  
Helen A. Baghdoyan ◽  
James J. Choo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Integrated Systems ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Constructive Criticism

Abstract The Hooks et al. review of microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) literature provides a constructive criticism of the general approaches encompassing MGB research. This commentary extends their review by: (a) highlighting capabilities of advanced systems-biology “-omics” techniques for microbiome research and (b) recommending that combining these high-resolution techniques with intervention-based experimental design may be the path forward for future MGB research.

Inter-individual variation shapes the human microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily F. Wissel ◽  
Leigh K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Microbiome Research

Abstract The target article suggests inter-individual variability is a weakness of microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) research, but we discuss why it is actually a strength. We comment on how accounting for individual differences can help researchers systematically understand the observed variance in microbiota composition, interpret null findings, and potentially improve the efficacy of therapeutic treatments in future clinical microbiome research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document