Is yoga considered exercise within systematic reviews of exercise interventions? A scoping review

Abstract Background: People living with rare neurological conditions (RNCs) often face common physical, cognitive and psychological challenges that lead to reduced physical activity and associated deconditioning. Physical activity interventions are routinely utilised to address disease specific limitations with the intention of promoting participation in people with RNCs. This scoping review aimed to synthesise the body of evidence for such interventions as they are applied across a wide range of RNCs. Methods: We undertook a scoping review of systematic reviews of any type of physical activity and exercise interventions for adults with neuromuscular diseases, motor neurone disease, Huntington’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, inherited ataxias and hereditary spastic paraplegia. The reviews were included if they reported at least one outcome that aimed to increase physical activity level at either the body structure/function, activity and/or participation levels. Results: Sixty-two articles were full-text screened of which 27 were included. Most studies involved interventions in people with neuromuscular diseases. No reviews of interventions in hereditary spastic paraparesis were identified. The majority of reviews included studies of structured exercise using outcome measures at the level of body function and functional activity. Interventions were grouped as: i) combined interventions; ii) muscle strength training; iii) respiratory training; iv) aerobic training. Frequency, intensity, time and type of structured exercise utilised varied considerably across studies. Most studies were methodologically limited by small sample sizes, variation in exercise dose and training duration.Conclusions: To date, primary attention has been given to structured exercise interventions, which have demonstrated to have a low to uncertain level of evidence. Novel approaches to implementing common interventions and modalities are needed to increase accessibility and engagement in physical activity irrespective of disease type. Further exploration is warranted to achieve consensus on outcome measures that reflect areas of importance and relevance to people with RNCs.

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The Scoping Review of Smart Healthcare Applications in Medical Health (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.18681 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Cheng Hang Wu ◽

Ching Ju Chiu ◽

Yen Ju Liou ◽

Chun Ying Lee ◽

Susan C. Hu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Related Research ◽

Geographic Access ◽

Smart Healthcare ◽

Research Findings ◽

Healthcare Interventions

BACKGROUND There is still no consensus on research terms for smart healthcare worldwide. The study conducted by Lewis 10 years ago showed extending geographic access was the major health purpose of health-related information communication technology (ICT), but today's situation may be different because of the rapid development of smart healthcare. Objective: The main aim of this study is to classify recent smart healthcare interventions. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted as a feasible tool for exploring this domain and summarizing related research findings. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to classify recent smart healthcare interventions. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted as a feasible tool for exploring this domain and summarizing related research findings. METHODS The scoping review relies on the analysis of previous reviews of smart healthcare interventions assessed for their effectiveness in the framework of a systematic review and/or meta-analysis. The search strategy was based on the identification of smart healthcare interventions reported as the proposed keywords. In the analysis, the reviews published from January 2015 to December 2019 were included. RESULTS The number of publications for smart healthcare's systematic reviews has continued to grow in the past five years. The search strategy yielded 210 systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses addressed to target groups of interest. 68.5% of these publications used mobile health as a keyword. According to the classification by Lewis, 37.62% of the literature was applied to extend geographic access. According to the classification by the Joint Commission of Taiwan (JCT), 48.84% of smart healthcare was applied in clinical areas, and 60% of it was applied in outpatient medical services. CONCLUSIONS Smart healthcare interventions are being widely used in clinical settings and for disease management. The research of mobile health has received the most attention among smart healthcare interventions. The main purpose of mobile health was used to extend geographic access to increase medical accessibility in clinical areas. CLINICALTRIAL none

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Reporting of post-operative rehabilitation interventions for Total knee arthroplasty: a scoping review

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-021-04460-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nora Bakaa ◽

Lu Hsi Chen ◽

Lisa Carlesso ◽

Julie Richardson ◽

Luciana Macedo

Keyword(s):

Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Knee Arthroplasty ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Literature Search ◽

Exercise Adherence ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Quality Of Reporting ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Total Knee

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the completeness of reporting of exercise adherence and exercise interventions delivered as part of clinical trials of post-operative total knee replacement (TKA) rehabilitation. Design: Scoping review Literature search A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library. Study selection criteria All randomized controlled trials (RCT) that examined post-operative exercise-based interventions for total knee arthroplasty were eligible for inclusion. Studies that were multifactorial or contained exercise interventions for both hip and knee arthroplasty were also included. Data synthesis The definition, type of measurement used and outcome for exercise adherence were collected and analyzed descreptively. Quality of reporting of exercise interventions were assessed using the Consensus for Exercise Reporting Tool (CERT) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Results There were a total of 112 RCTs included in this review. The majority of RCTs (63%, n = 71) did not report exercise adherence. Only 23% (n = 15) of studies provided a definition of adherence. RCTs were of poor quality, with 85% (n = 95) of studies having high or unclear risk of bias. Reporting of exercise interventions was poor, with only 4 items (of 19) (21%) of the CERT adequately reported (88–99%), with other items not fulfilled on at least 60% of the RCTs. There were no RCTs that had fulfilled all the criteria for the CERT. Conclusion The RCTs included in this study poorly reported exercise adherence, as well as description of the post-operative TKA rehabilitation intervention. Future RCTs should use valid and reliable measures of adherence and a proper tool for reporting of exercise interventions (e.g., CERT, TiDER). Pre-registration OSF:https://osf.io/9ku8a/

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Assessing Time of Eating in Commensality Research

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062941 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2941

Author(s):

Henrik Scander ◽

Maria Lennernäs Wiklund ◽

Agneta Yngve

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Time Use ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Search Term ◽

Working Population ◽

Nutritional Health ◽

The Family ◽

Use Studies

Commensal meals seem to be related to a better nutritional and metabolic health as well as an improved quality of life. The aim of this paper was to examine to what extent research was performed using the search term commensality related to assessment of timing of meals. A scoping review was performed, where 10 papers were identified as specifically addressing the assessment of timing of commensality of meals. Time use studies, questionnaires, and telephone- and person-to-person interviews were used for assessing meal times in relation to commensality. Four of the studies used a method of time use registration, and six papers used interviews or questionnaires. Common meals with family members were the most common, and dinners late at night were often preferred for commensal activities among the working population. In conclusion, the family meal seemed to be the most important commensal meal. It is clear from the collected papers and from previous systematic reviews that more studies of commensal meals in general and about timing aspects in particular and in relation to nutritional health are essential to provide a solid background of knowledge regarding the importance of timing in relation to commensal meals.

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Mapping evidence on the distribution of the costs associated with cancer of prostate, cervix, and female breast in the sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a scoping review

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01672-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cebisile Ngcamphalala ◽

Ellinor Ostensson ◽

Mbuzeleni Hlongwa ◽

Themba G. Ginindza

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Economic Burden ◽

Indirect Costs ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Direct And Indirect Costs ◽

Female Breast ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Despite the well-documented information on cancer prevention and management, among noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), globally, cancer continues to be the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality with devastating economic consequences. The burden is disproportionately more among developing countries and the extent of evidence available on the economic consequences (direct and indirect costs) of cancer remains unknown in low-income countries particularly in the sub-Saharan region. Understanding the costs of illness is important to inform decision-making on setting up health care policies and informing economic evaluation of interventions. This study aims to map evidence on the distribution of the economic burden (direct and indirect costs) associated with prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of three predominant cancers: prostate, cervix, and female breast in the sub-Saharan Africa. Methods This scoping review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), and will be conducted following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We will search PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINHAL (via EBSCOhost platform), Science Direct, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Africa-Wide Information, Google Scholar, and WHO Library. We will perform hand-searching of the reference lists of included studies and other relevant documents. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. We will include primary studies from all study designs reporting costs associated with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of prostate, cervical, and breast cancers in the sub-Saharan region. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g., frequencies) and qualitative (e.g., thematic analysis) methods. A narrative summary of findings will be presented. Discussion This review will map the extent of information available on the economic burden (direct and indirect costs) of prostate, cervical, and breast cancers in the sub-Saharan region. Further guidance for future research in the subject area will be discussed. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework

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Scoping review assessing the evidence used to support the adoption of mobile health (mHealth) technologies for the education and training of community health workers (CHWs) in low-income and middle-income countries

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019827 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e019827 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Niall Winters ◽

Laurenz Langer ◽

Anne Geniets

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Low Income ◽

Health Workers ◽

Education And Training ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Mobile Technologies ◽

Middle Income ◽

And Training ◽

Formal Theories

ObjectivesUndertake a systematic scoping review to determine how a research evidence base, in the form of existing systematic reviews in the field of mobile health (mHealth), constitutes education and training for community health workers (CHWs) who use mobile technologies in everyday work. The review was informed by the following research questions: does educational theory inform the design of the education and training component of mHealth interventions? How is education and training with mobile technology by CHWs in low-income and middle-income countries categorised by existing systematic reviews? What is the basis for this categorisation?SettingThe review explored the literature from 2000 to 2017 to investigate how mHealth interventions have been positioned within the available evidence base in relation to their use of formal theories of learning.ResultsThe scoping review found 24 primary studies that were categorised by 16 systematic reviews as supporting CHWs’ education and training using mobile technologies. However, when formal theories of learning from educational research were used to recategorise these 24 primary studies, only four could be coded as such. This identifies a problem with how CHWs’ education and training using mobile technologies is understood and categorised within the existing evidence base. This is because there is no agreed on, theoretically informed understanding of what counts as learning.ConclusionThe claims made by mHealth researchers and practitioners regarding the learning benefits of mobile technology are not based on research results that are underpinned by formal theories of learning. mHealth suffers from a reductionist view of learning that underestimates the complexities of the relationship between pedagogy and technology. This has resulted in miscategorisations of what constitutes CHWs’ education and training within the existing evidence base. This can be overcome by informed collaboration between the health and education communities.

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Biologics in professional and Olympic sport: a scoping review

The Bone & Joint Journal ◽

10.1302/0301-620x.103b7.bjj-2020-2282.r1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 103-B (7) ◽

pp. 1189-1196

Author(s):

Iain R. Murray ◽

Navnit S. Makaram ◽

Scott A. Rodeo ◽

Marc R. Safran ◽

Seth L. Sherman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽

American Football ◽

Biologic Therapies ◽

Olympic Athletes ◽

Hamstring Injuries ◽

Consensus Statements ◽

Scoping Reviews

Aims The aim of this study was to prepare a scoping review to investigate the use of biologic therapies in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in professional and Olympic athletes. Methods Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews and Arksey and O’Malley frameworks were followed. A three-step search strategy identified relevant published primary and secondary studies, as well as grey literature. The identified studies were screened with criteria for inclusion comprising clinical studies evaluating the use of biologic therapies in professional and Olympic athletes, systematic reviews, consensus statements, and conference proceedings. Data were extracted using a standardized tool to form a descriptive analysis and a thematic summary. Results A total of 202 studies were initially identified, and 35 met criteria for the scoping review; 33 (94.3%) were published within the last eight years, and 18 (51.4%) originated from the USA. Platelet rich plasma was the most studied biologic therapy, being evaluated in 33 (94.3%) studies. Ulnar collateral ligament and hamstring injuries were the conditions most studied (nine (25.7%) studies and seven (20.0%) studies, respectively). Athletes most frequently participated in baseball, soccer, and American football. Only two (5.7%) studies were level 1 evidence, with interpretation and comparison between studies limited by the variations in the injury profile, biologic preparations, and rehabilitation protocols. Conclusion There is diverse use of biologic therapies in the management of musculoskeletal injuries in professional and Olympic athletes. There is currently insufficient high-level evidence to support the widespread use of biologic therapies in athletes. Further research priorities include the development of condition/pathology-specific preparations of biologic therapies, and of outcome measures and imaging modalities sufficiently sensitive to detect differences in outcomes, should they exist. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(7):1189–1196.

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How Can Social Mentality Theory Help Us Understand Eating Disorder Presentations? A Scoping Review

Journal of Relationships Research ◽

10.1017/jrr.2018.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Georgina Mullen ◽

Gary O'Reilly

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorder ◽

Attachment Style ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Social Rank ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Self Compassion ◽

Social Difficulties ◽

Caregiver Experiences ◽

Meta Analyses

AbstractThis scoping review used social mentality theory (SMT) as a framework to identify and integrate relevant eating disorder systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A systematic search of the PsycINFO database was conducted, using terms from SMT and eating disorder literature. Eighteen systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. Findings suggest that those with eating disorders also experience a number of relationship difficulties, in childhood and/or adulthood, related to attachment style, caregiver experiences, family functioning, social rank, social cognition, and self-compassion. The identification of these social difficulties is established in the eating disorder literature. SMT can provide a theoretical framework to understand how evolved motives to relate to others may contribute to these difficulties.

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Problemas de coagulação em adultos com síndroma respiratório agudo grave devido a infeção por coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): uma revisão abrangente

Revista Portuguesa de Clínica Geral ◽

10.32385/rpmgf.v37i5.13086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 421-434

Author(s):

Susana Pereira Costa ◽

◽

Inês Lopes Antunes ◽

Ana Margarida Gomes ◽

Cláudia Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Meta Analyses

Objetivos: Resumir as informações publicadas acerca dos problemas de coagulação em adultos com SARS-CoV-2, incluindo características, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e resposta ao uso profilático ou terapêutico de anticoagulantes ou antiagregantes plaquetários. Métodos: Realizada uma revisão abrangente, de acordo com as guidelines Joanna Briggs Institute Guidelines on Scoping Reviews e Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review guidelines (PRISMA-ScR). Efetuada pesquisa nas bases de dados MEDLINE®, SciELO® e Web of Science® entre 1 e 2 de maio de 2020. A seleção dos artigos foi dividida em etapas sequenciais considerando: título, resumo e artigo integral. Em cada etapa os artigos foram aceites ou rejeitados tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foi feito o mapeamento dos dados e a evidência relevante foi sumarizada. Resultados: Após seleção obtiveram-se 106 artigos. Destes, 36 correspondiam a cartas, 28 a estudos originais, 25 a revisões e 14 a relatos de caso; uma meta-análise, um comentário e um consenso também foram incluídos. Os resultados mostraram associação entre COVID-19 e complicações trombóticas, embora com diferentes tipos de eventos e taxas de frequência. A tríade inflamação, disfunção endotelial e coagulopatia parecem estar subjacentes às alterações fisiopatológicas. As técnicas laboratoriais e de imagem podem ser úteis para uma intervenção adequada. A profilaxia com anticoagulantes parentéricos, preferencialmente heparina de baixo peso molecular (HBPM) em dose intermédia, entre as comummente utilizadas para profilaxia ou tratamento, está indicada em pacientes hospitalizados, especialmente com doença grave. Deve ser mantida por um período variável após a alta, dependendo do doente. A anticoagulação terapêutica parece não diferir de outras situações previamente conhecidas. Conclusões: Várias incertezas persistem na abordagem dos problemas da coagulação em pacientes com infeção por SARS-CoV-2. As informações existentes dizem respeito principalmente ao contexto hospitalar e têm origem em fontes pouco robustas. Assim, são necessários ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e controlados para sustentar as decisões clínicas em todos os estadios.

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Caracterização dos casos de COVID-19 em pacientes críticos: revisão de escopo/ Characterization of COVID-19 cases in critically ill patients: scoping review

Ciência Cuidado e Saúde ◽

10.4025/ciencuidsaude.v20i0.57572 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Thatiane Monick De Souza Costa ◽

Kauanny Vitoria Gurgel dos Santos ◽

Eloysa Dos Santos Oliveira ◽

Bruna Vilar Soares da Silva ◽

Evelin Beatriz Bezerra de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critically Ill ◽

Systematic Reviews ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Critically Ill Patients ◽

Scoping Reviews ◽

Terapia Intensiva ◽

Population Concept

Introdução: A principal causa de mortalidade pelo novo coronavírus é a insuficiência respiratória. Assim, os cuidados intensivos devem ser prontamente prestados ao paciente crítico. Objetivo: Explorar as evidências acerca dos achados clínicos, tratamento e desfecho de pacientes infectados pelo Sars-CoV-2 internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Método: Revisão de escopo, realizada em abril de 2021, em oito fontes de dados nacionais e internacionais, conforme orientações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, seguindo o checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysesextension for Scoping Reviews, sem restrição de idioma ou temporal. Adotou-se a estratégia Population, Concept and Contextpara a elaboração da questão de pesquisa. Resultados: Incluíram-se 15 artigos científicos, com predominância de publicações na China, Estados Unidos da América e Canadá. Dos estudos, 80% foram com adultos e idosos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Os principais achados clínicos foram febre, tosse, Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo e lesão renal, tratamento com ventilação mecânica invasiva e não invasiva, oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo e corticoesteroides. Como principal desfecho, o óbito. Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes apresentou febre, tosse e Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo, recebendo cuidados como ventilação mecânica, oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo e corticoesteroides, com alto índice de óbitos.

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