Uses of cancer registries for public health and clinical research in Europe: Results of the European Network of Cancer Registries survey among 161 population-based cancer registries during 2010–2012

Abstract Background About 40% of cancers are preventable and of those cancers about 50% are due to tobacco. Cancer prevention and early detection can reduce remarkably cancer burden and inequalities with effective strategies from the European Code Against Cancer. A better use of registries data can help to bridge the existing information gaps on cancer survivors, a dramatically growing population challenging the sustainability of public health systems in Europe. Methods Policy implementation through collaborative efforts based on cancer registry data, comprehensive policies and innovations. Promotion of standards and methods to facilitate systematic delivery of comparable indicators on cancer survivors by country in Europe. Results In cancer prevention known effective measures require European-wide comprehensive action. Population-based cancer screening programmes need continuous quality assurance and follow-up. Prevalence of short- and long-term survivors derived from a joint European dataset (EUROCARE-6, 29 countries) show that differences in survivorship are wide, consistently with demography, incidence and survival patterns. Breast, colorectal and prostatic cancers are the most frequent among all cancer survivors. Conclusions Collaboration across fields of science and policy sectors is needed to boost cancer prevention. Cancer survivors are a growing heterogeneous population to be monitored in public health to support Health Technology Assessment and survivors' care planning. Key messages Priority actions are developed within iPAAC Joint Action to encourage effective policies and implementation. Joint analysis of standardised European datasets strengthens the impact of cancer registries information. Indicators on cancer prevalence should be systematically integrated in the European Cancer Information System (ECIS).

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Bridging the information gap on cancer survivors in Europe: results from the iPAAC Joint Action

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1264 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

R De Angelis ◽

E Demuru ◽

S Rossi ◽

L Ventura ◽

P Baili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

Cancer Information ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Care Planning ◽

Skin Melanoma ◽

Cancer Prevalence ◽

European Cancer

Abstract Background Due to demographic transition cancer survivors are dramatically growing and challenging the sustainability of public health systems. Despite accurate indicators are increasingly needed for Health Technology Assessment and health care planning, population-based cancer prevalence is not systematically available in many countries. The European Joint Action “Innovative Partnership for Action Against Cancer” (iPAAC) aims at bridging this gap by supporting the inclusion of indicators on prevalence to complement the cancer burden statistics already available in the European Cancer Information System (ECIS). Methods Analysis of a European-wide standardized dataset gathering information on 26 million patients from 100 cancer registries in 29 countries (EUROCARE-6). Methods to estimate and project complete and limited duration population-based prevalence indicators by demographic variables, cancer type and phase of care. Results Cancer survivors are mostly women (about 55%) and people over-60 years. Highest crude prevalence proportions in women are observed for breast, colon-rectum, corpus uteri, skin melanoma and cervical cancer (from 1,600 to 200 x 100,000). Prostate, colon-rectum, bladder, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and skin melanoma were the most frequent cancers among male survivors (from 1,000 to 200 x 100,000). Between-country differences are wide, consistently with varying demographic structure, incidence and survival patterns. Impact of long-term survivorship strongly depends on disease lethality. Conclusions Cancer survivors are a quite heterogenous population in respect of age, sex, cancer type and disease duration. Reliable and comparable prevalence indicators are essential to improve cancer care planning in European countries. Joint analysis of European wide population-based datasets strengthens the impact of cancer registries information and foster the release of complete statistics on cancer survivors. Key messages Cancer survivors are a growing and heterogeneous population to be monitored in public health. Detailed and comparable indicators on cancer prevalence are proposed to complement the cancer burden statistics of the European Cancer Information System (ECIS) through improved collaborative efforts.

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EUROCOURSE lessons learned from and for population-based cancer registries in Europe and their programme owners: Improving performance by research programming for public health and clinical evaluation

European Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1016/j.ejca.2015.02.018 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 51 (9) ◽

pp. 997-1017 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jan Willem Coebergh ◽

Corina van den Hurk ◽

Stefano Rosso ◽

Harry Comber ◽

Hans Storm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Clinical Evaluation ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

Lessons Learned

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Assessing the quality of public health in the Russian Federation and Israel: Main problems and solutions

Economic Analysis Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/ea.19.4.618 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 618-632

Author(s):

A.S. Panchenko

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Population Based ◽

The Public ◽

Disability Adjusted Life ◽

Problems And Solutions ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽

Practical Recommendations

Subject. The article addresses the public health in the Russian Federation and Israel. Objectives. The focus is on researching the state of public health in Russia and Israel, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project methodology, identifying problem areas and searching for possible ways to improve the quality of health of the Russian population based on the experience of Israel. Methods. The study draws on the ideology of the GBD project, which is based on the Disability-Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) metric. Results. The paper reveals the main causes of DALY losses and important risk factors for cancer for Russia and Israel. The findings show that the total DALY losses for Russia exceed Israeli values. The same is true for cancer diseases. Conclusions. Activities in Israel aimed at improving the quality of public health, the effectiveness of which has been proven, can serve as practical recommendations for Russia. The method of analysis, using the ideology of the GBD project, can be used as a tool for quantitative and comparative assessment of the public health.

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Trends in the incidence and mortality of oral cancer in Nevada (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.19675 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Foote ◽

Karl Kingsley

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Cancer Control ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Chi Square ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Us ◽

Chi Square Analysis

BACKGROUND Reviews of national and state-specific cancer registries have revealed differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality that have implications for public health research and policy. Many significant associations between head and neck (oral) cancers and major risk factors, such as cigarette usage, may be influenced by public health policy such as smoking restrictions and bans – including the Nevada Clean Indoor Act of 2006 (and subsequent modification in 2011). OBJECTIVE Although evaluation of general and regional advances in public policy have been previously evaluated, no recent studies have focused specifically on the changes to the epidemiology of oral cancer incidence and mortality in Nevada. METHODS Cancer incidence and mortality rate data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Most recently available rate changes in cancer incidence and mortality for Nevada included the years 2012 – 2016 and are age-adjusted to the year 2000 standard US population. Comparisons of any differences between Nevada and the overall US population were evaluated using Chi square analysis. RESULTS This analysis revealed that the overall rates of incidence and mortality from oral cancer in Nevada differs from that observed in the overall US population. For example, although the incidence of oral cancer among Caucasians is increasing in Nevada and the US overall, it is increasing at nearly twice that rate in Nevada, P=0.0002. In addition, although oral cancer incidence among Minorities in the US is declining, it is increasing in Nevada , P=0.0001. Analysis of reported mortality causes revealed that mortality from oral cancer increased in the US overall but declined in Nevada during the same period (2012-2016). More specifically, mortality among both Males and Females in the US is increasing, but is declining in Nevada, P=0.0027. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the epidemiologic data from Nevada compared with the overall US revealed significant differences in rates of oral cancer incidence and mortality. More specifically, oral cancer incidence increased in Nevada between 2012-2016 among all groups analyzed (Males, Females, White, Minority), while decreases were observed nationally among Females and Minorities. Although mortality in Nevada decreased over this same time period (in contrast to the national trends), the lag time between diagnosis (incidence) and mortality suggests that these trends will change in the near future. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

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The Evolution of the Healthy Brain Initiative

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 720-720

Author(s):

Lisa McGuire

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Population Based ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Dementia Caregivers ◽

Local Public Health ◽

Success Stories ◽

Road Map ◽

Indian Country ◽

State And Local ◽

Map Series

Abstract The Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) seeks to advance public health awareness of and action on ADRD as a public health issue. The HBI Road Map Series, State and Local Public Health Partnerships to Address Dementia: The 2018–2023 Road Map (S&L RM) and Road Map for Indian Country (RMIC), provide the public health with concrete steps to respond to the growing burden of ADRD in communities, consistent with the aim of the Building Our Largest Dementia (BOLD) Infrastructure for Alzheimer’s Act (P.L. 115-406). This series of RMs for state, local, and tribal public health provide flexible menus of actions to address cognitive health, including ADRD, and support for dementia caregivers with population-based approaches. This session will describe how the initiative evolved over the past 15 years including policy and implementation success stories.

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Incidence and Trends of the Leading Cancers with Elevated Incidence Among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations, 2012–2016

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/aje/kwaa222 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie C Melkonian ◽

Hannah K Weir ◽

Melissa A Jim ◽

Bailey Preikschat ◽

Donald Haverkamp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

American Indian ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Alaska Native ◽

Cancer Registries ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Age Adjusted Rates ◽

Incident Cases ◽

Hispanic White

Abstract Cancer incidence varies among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations, as well as between AI/AN and White populations. This study examined trends for cancers with elevated incidence among AI/AN compared with non-Hispanic White populations and estimated potentially avoidable incident cases among AI/AN populations. Incident cases diagnosed during 2012–2016 were identified from population-based cancer registries and linked with the Indian Health Service patient registration databases to improve racial classification of AI/AN populations. Age-adjusted rates (per 100,000) and trends were calculated for cancers with elevated incidence among AI/AN compared with non-Hispanic White populations (rate ratio >1.0), by region. Trends were estimated using joinpoint regression analyses. Expected cancers were estimated by applying age-specific cancer incidence rates among non-Hispanic White populations to population estimates for AI/AN populations. Excess cancer cases among AI/AN populations were defined as observed minus expected cases. Liver, stomach, kidney, lung, colorectal and female breast cancers had higher incidence rate among AI/AN populations across most regions. Between 2012 and 2016, nearly 5,200 excess cancers were diagnosed among AI/AN populations, with the largest number of excess cancers (1,925) occurring in the Southern Plains region. Culturally informed efforts may reduce cancer disparities associated with these and other cancers among AI/AN populations.

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Expanding the concept of the professional integrity of obstetrics during a public health emergency

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2020-0174 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 435-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Frank A. Chervenak ◽

Amos Grünebaum ◽

Eran Bornstein ◽

Shane Wasden ◽

Adi Katz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

New York ◽

Clinical Judgment ◽

Ethical Judgment ◽

Population Based ◽

Public Health Emergency ◽

Ethical Challenge ◽

Professional Integrity ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Obstetric Services

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed great demands on many hospitals to maximize their capacity to care for affected patients. The requirement to reassign space has created challenges for obstetric services. We describe the nature of that challenge for an obstetric service in New York City. This experience raised an ethical challenge: whether it would be consistent with professional integrity to respond to a public health emergency with a plan for obstetric services that would create an increased risk of rare maternal mortality. We answered this question using the conceptual tools of professional ethics in obstetrics, especially the professional virtue of integrity. A public health emergency requires frameshifting from an individual-patient perspective to a population-based perspective. We show that an individual-patient-based, beneficence-based deliberative clinical judgment is not an adequate basis for organizational policy in response to a public health emergency. Instead, physicians, especially those in leadership positions, must frameshift to population-based clinical ethical judgment that focuses on reduction of mortality as much as possible in the entire population of patients served by a healthcare organization.

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The relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support on global perceived stress in a cross-sectional population-based sample

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10594-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jes Bak Sørensen ◽

Mathias Lasgaard ◽

Morten Vejs Willert ◽

Finn Breinholt Larsen

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Population Based ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Work Situation ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Work Related ◽

Work Related Stressors

Abstract Background High levels of perceived stress have a negative bearing on health and well-being, and stress is a major public health issue. According to the Stress Process Model, stressors are socially patterned and combine to produce strain. Despite this, most studies on stress have focused on work-related stressors leaving non-work determinants under-investigated. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support for the overall perceived stress level. Methods Self-reported data were drawn from the 2017 population-based health survey “How are you?” conducted in the Central Denmark Region (N = 32,417). Data were linked with data drawn from national administrative registers. Work- and non-work-related stressors assessed included major life events, chronic stressors and daily hassles. Perceived social support was assessed using a single question. Overall perceived stress was assessed by the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. We conducted dominance analyses based on a multiple linear regression model to determine the most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress. Analyses were weighted and adjusted. Results Work- and non-work-related stressors along with perceived social support explained 42.5% of the total variance (R2) in overall perceived stress. The most important explanatory variables were disease, perceived social support and work situation. The stratified analyses produced slightly varying results (“dominance profiles”) of perceived stress between subgroups. Work situation was the most important explanatory variable in the employed group. However, adding non-work-related explanatory variables to the analysis tripled the explained variance. Conclusions The overall level of perceived stress can be statistically explained by a combination of work- and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support both at population level and in subgroups. The most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress are disease, perceived social support and work situation. Results indicate that public health strategies aiming to reduce stress should take a comprehensive approach and address a variety of stressor domains rather than focus on a single domain. Trial registration The study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (r. no. 2012-58-0006) and registered in the Central Denmark Region (r. no. 1-16-02-593-16).

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