scholarly journals Sensors, sense-making and sensitivities: UK household experiences with a feedback display on energy consumption and indoor environmental conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Wood ◽  
Rosie Day ◽  
Emily Creamer ◽  
Dan van der Horst ◽  
Atif Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Feedback Display

scholarly journals Efficiency Measurement of Compressed Air Compressors Using High Availability SoC with 1oo2 Redundancy Architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelawwad ◽  
Eike Hahn ◽  
Josef Boercsoek ◽  
Julian Fairbrother ◽  
Tarek Al Shahadat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
High Availability ◽  
Efficiency Measurement ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Air Compressors ◽  
Increase Efficiency

Compressed air systems are essential components in various industrial and everyday applications. The efficiency of these systems is very important due to their role in the energy consumption of industrial plants. To increase efficiency, a new concept for compressed air compressors based on Industry 4.0 is presented. Due to the aggressive environmental conditions in which the compressed air compressors operate, a new design of a SoC with high availability based on 1oo2 redundancy architecture is developed.

Strategic Management of Utilization of New and Renewable Energy in The Rural Areas of Tunisia

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Chaibi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Energy Needs

In Tunisia, the rural people have the smallest amounts of energy available. Their energy is used mainly for basic needs, and it often comes from noncommercial fuels, especially wood. Therefore, the rural areas are facing severe and interrelated problems of energy and environment. The environmental impacts of intensified production processes aggravate the degradation of ecologic systems. The analysis of the energy situation in rural areas of Tunisia has shown that a growing energy consumption can be expected over the entire spectrum of economic and social activities. To cope with this crisis, technologies for energy requirements should not only meet energy needs; they must also be geared to particular economic, social and environmental conditions. Technically efficient, decentralized systems for the utilization of new and renewable energy can help in this by meeting the demand for higher quality energy. This article attempts to propose precepts upon which a strategy can be formulated for a rational use of renewable energy in the rural areas.

A General Approach for Dynamic Positioning Weathervane Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel R. Miyazaki ◽  
Eduardo A. Tannuri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Dynamic Positioning ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

AbstractEnergy efficient controllers for dynamic positioning (DP) systems are a possible approach to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emission on large offshore systems. Due to the flexibility of some DP operations, it is possible to change the vessel heading in order to align with the resultant force defined by the environmental conditions, reducing the thrust and power required to keep position, thus increasing station-keeping capability. However, online calculation of the optimum heading may not be possible because of uncertainties about wave and current intensity and direction. Moreover, these factors change through time, and the system must be able to adapt to those changes and to keep the optimum positioning. This paper presents a new methodology to define the heading setpoint based on zero power control theory. This methodology has important advantages over traditional weathervane control methods, such as an effective control of all horizontal degrees of freedom of the vessel and the possibility to define any reference control point, not only points located at the vessel bow.

scholarly journals Comfort and energy consumption in a hybrid tunnel-type broiler barn in different bioclimatic zones of Brazil

DYNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (211) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Robinson Osorio Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Phase 0 ◽  
Two Phases

Poultry production is influenced directly by its environmental conditions and, therefore, the conditions of comfort, animal welfare, and energy consumption of the facilities. The objective of this study was to carry out an assessment of the climatization needs of a negative pressure ventilated broiler barn in 12 Brazilian cities, located in the 8 bioclimatic zones of the country. It was found that, cities located in bioclimatic zones 1 and 2 require a higher energy consumption for heating during the chicks phase (0-21 days), while zones 7 and 8 require more energy for cooling during the chickens phase (22-42days). The cities located in zones 3, 4, 5 and 6 present the best comfort conditions and the greatest energy savings for the two phases.

scholarly journals Optimal Window to Wall Ratio Ranges of Photovoltachromic Windows in High-Rise Office Buildings of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-148
Author(s):  
Soheil Fathi ◽  
◽  
Allahbakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Bandar Abbas ◽  
Optimal Window

Windows are one of the weakest building components concerning high thermal losses. Traditional windows cannot adapt to external and internal environmental conditions. On the other hand, smart windows such as electrochromic (EC) windows do not emit greenhouse gases and adapt to environmental conditions and increase indoor environmental quality. The combination of EC windows and building integrated photovoltaic system (BIPV) is called photovoltachromic (PVC) windows. This paper aims to find optimal window to wall ratio (WWR) ranges of PVC windows in a high-rise office building model in four different cities in Iran. This paper uses several simulations to find the optimal WWR ranges of PVC windows using Radiance and EnergyPlus. First, the minimum acceptable WWR value in each climate condition was identified using several simulations without any optimization tools. Afterward, traditional windows were replaced with EC windows and results indicated that energy consumption of the building reduced up to 15.94%. In the next stage, BIPV was combined with EC windows, and results indicated that BIPV reduced energy consumption of the building up to 7.55%. Finally, simulation results showed that PVC windows reduced energy consumption of the building up to 16.31% in Kermanshah, 19.69% in Tehran, 18.59% in Yazd and 17.36% in Bandar Abbas. Also, the optimal WWR range of PVC windows in Kermanshah was 80-90%, while it was 70-80% in Tehran, Yazd and Bandar Abbas. Simulation results indicated that cooling degree days (CDD) of the site, where buildings were located, effected on the optimal WWR range of PVC windows in high-rise office buildings. An analytical approach was used to validate simulation results, and it showed that simulation results had 1.60-6.22% error.

Energy Consumption and Stability Investigation of Constant Temperature and Humidity Test Chamber

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 1750010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwesi Mensah ◽  
Jong Min Choi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Refrigeration Unit ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Temperature and humidity chambers are used to simulate many thermal-environmental conditions, as well as to observe the effects that a range of temperature and humidity have on a product or material at the manufacturing stage. The energy consumption and accuracy of these test chambers over the last decades have raised concerns for recent researchers. In this study, the energy consumption and stability of a temperature and humidity chamber was investigated under various operating and environmental conditions by adopting a variable speed compressor to the refrigeration unit. The accuracy of temperature and humidity was also investigated. It is found that, for a given surrounding environmental condition, as the dry bulb temperature conditions of the temperature and humidity chambers increased, the cooling capacity of the system increased while the refrigerating unit’s power decreased for all operating conditions. However, the total energy consumption of the test unit increased due to an increment in the electric heater output. In maintaining effective stability of temperature and humidity test chambers, it is observed that, varying the refrigeration unit capacity by adjusting compressor speed has the potential for reducing the temperature and relative humidity fluctuations within the chamber for a given operating condition. Adopting a variable speed compressor to the refrigerating unit, have the potential for reducing the energy consumption significantly according to increment of setting temperature of the chamber as well as ensuring system stability for temperature and humidity chambers.

scholarly journals Metabolic Reprogramming in Kidney Diseases: Evidence and Therapeutic Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yin Li ◽  
Zixin Sha ◽  
Hui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Renal Cells ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Important Contributor

Metabolic reprogramming originally referred to the ability of cancer cells to metabolically adapt to changes in environmental conditions to meet both energy consumption and proliferation requirements. According to recent studies, renal cells are also capable of reprogramming their metabolism after kidney injury, and these cells undergo different kinds of metabolic reprogramming in different kidney diseases. Metabolic reprogramming also plays a role in the progression and prognosis of kidney diseases. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming is not only a prominent feature but also an important contributor to the pathophysiology of kidney diseases. Here, we briefly review kidney diseases and metabolic reprogramming and discuss new ways to treat kidney diseases.

scholarly journals The Importance of In Situ Characterisation for the Mitigation of Poor Indoor Environmental Conditions in Social Housing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9836
Author(s):  
Rui Oliveira ◽  
Romeu Vicente ◽  
Ricardo M. S. F. Almeida ◽  
António Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Monitoring Campaign

The energy efficiency improvements in existing buildings have become priority concerns of the European Union to encourage energy efficiency amongst residents and buildings as well as facility managers. The characterisation of the building stock plays an important role in the definition of energy renovation strategies. In Portugal, there are over 120,000 social housing flats. This paper focused on the holistic characterisation of a social housing neighbourhood concerning the “in situ” assessment of the indoor environmental conditions and thermal comfort over one year as well as air permeability tests of the flats and evaluation of the energy consumption. The hygrothermal monitoring campaign was carried out using thermo-hygrometer sensors to record the indoor air temperature and relative humidity of a large number of flats over a 12-month period. The airtightness of these flats was determined resourcing fan pressurisation test (blower door test). A relationship between the users’ modifications in the flats and their consequence over the air permeability was pursued and the importance of balconies and exhaust fans for the flats’ air permeability was discussed. The hygrothermal monitoring campaign of the case study was carried out, in order to assess the indoor thermal comfort according the ASHRAE 55 standard. The results show a significant discomfort rate, suggesting that the users are living in unhealthy environmental conditions and the issues that most contribute to the poor indoor environmental conditions that characterise this building stock. In addition, the energy, gas, and water consumption of the flats were collected, and a statistical analysis was performed. Correlations between the variables were observed and two clusters were identified. Cluster 1 includes the lower energy consumption flats, but no real impact on the thermal comfort was found as the entire dataset presented low indoor air temperatures.

Experimental Analysis to Optimize the Performance of Air Curtains and Heat Exchangers

2015 ◽  
pp. 590-640
Author(s):  
Samuel Mariano do Nascimento ◽  
Gustavo Galdi Heidinger ◽  
Pedro Dinis Gaspar ◽  
Pedro Dinho Silva
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Air Curtain ◽  
Back Panel

This chapter reports an overview about experimental studies concerning the thermal performance of air curtains and heat exchangers installed in vertical open refrigerated display cases. The air curtain analysis shows the influence on the thermal performance by varying the width of the discharge air grille and the perforation density of the back panel by a mathematical model. The variation on the perforation density of the back panel and the width of discharge air grille alter significantly the thermal entrainment factor and the energy consumption of the equipment. Focusing the influence of environmental conditions on the performance of the heat exchanger, a second mathematical model was developed to evaluate the total heat load, its partial components and the condensate water mass. This analysis provides valuable information to the design of the air curtain and heat exchanger based on in-store environmental conditions and airflow efficiency.

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