Latest Evidence on the Impact of Smoking, Sports, and Sexual Activity as Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer Incidence, Recurrence, and Progression: A Systematic Review of the Literature by the European Association of Urology Section of Oncological Urology (ESOU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine D. Brookman-May ◽  
Riccardo Campi ◽  
Jose D.S. Henríquez ◽  
Tobias Klatte ◽  
Johan F. Langenhuijsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
European Association ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Association Of Urology

Prostate cancer risk calculators for healthy population: A systematic review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bandala-Jacques ◽  
Kevin Daniel Castellanos Esquivel ◽  
Fernanda Pérez-Hurtado ◽  
Cristobal Hernández-Silva ◽  
Nancy Reynoso-Noverón
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Screening for prostate cancer has long been a debated, complex topic. The use of risk calculators for prostate cancer is recommended for determining patients’ individual risk of cancer and the subsequent need for a prostate biopsy. These tools could lead to a better discrimination of patients in need of invasive diagnostic procedures and for optimized allocation of healthcare resources OBJECTIVE To systematically review available literature on current prostate cancer risk calculators’ performance in healthy population, by comparing the impact factor of individual items on different cohorts, and the models’ overall performance. METHODS We performed a systematic review of available prostate cancer risk calculators targeted at healthy population. We included studies published from January 2000 to March 2021 in English, Spanish, French, Portuguese or German. Two reviewers independently decided for or against inclusion based on abstracts. A third reviewer intervened in case of disagreements. From the selected titles, we extracted information regarding the purpose of the manuscript, the analyzed calculators, the population for which it was calibrated, the included risk factors, and the model’s overall accuracy. RESULTS We included a total of 18 calculators across 53 different manuscripts. The most commonly analyzed ones were they PCPT and ERSPC risk calculators, developed from North American and European cohorts, respectively. Both calculators provided high precision for the diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer (AUC as high as 0.798 for PCPT and 0.91 for ERSPC). We found 9 calculators developed from scratch for specific populations, which reached diagnostic precisions as high as 0.938. The most commonly included risk factors in the calculators were age, PSA levels and digital rectal examination findings. Additional calculators included race and detailed personal and family history CONCLUSIONS Both the PCPR and the ERSPC risk calculators have been successfully adapted for cohorts other than the ones they were originally created for with no loss of diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, designing calculators from scratch considering each population’s sociocultural differences has resulted in risk tools that can be well adapted to be valid in more patients. The best risk calculator for prostate cancer will be that which was has been calibrated for its intended population and can be easily reproduced and implemented CLINICALTRIAL CRD42021242110

scholarly journals Lifestyle risk factors for invasive pneumococcal disease: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e005224-e005224 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Cruickshank ◽  
J. M. Jefferies ◽  
S. C. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The impact of heart health promotion on coronary heart disease lifestyle risk factors in schoolchildren

Public Health ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
AP Baxter ◽  
PC Milner ◽  
S Hawkins ◽  
M Leaf ◽  
C Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Health ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Is lifestyle change around retirement associated with better physical performance in older age?: insights from a longitudinal cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sian M. Robinson ◽  
Leo D. Westbury ◽  
Kate Ward ◽  
Holly Syddall ◽  
Rachel Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA growing evidence base links individual lifestyle factors to physical performance in older age, but much less is known about their combined effects, or the impact of lifestyle change. In a group of 937 participants from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, we examined their number of lifestyle risk factors at 53 and 60–64 years in relation to their physical performance at 60–64, and the change in number of risk factors between these ages in relation to change in physical performance. At both assessments, information about lifestyle (physical activity, smoking, diet) was obtained via self-reports and height and weight were measured. Each participant’s number of lifestyle risk factors out of: obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2); inactivity (no leisure time physical activity over previous month); current smoking; poor diet (diet quality score in bottom quarter of distribution) was determined at both ages. Physical performance: measured grip strength, chair rise and standing balance times at both ages and conditional change (independent of baseline) in physical performance outcomes from 53 to 60–64 were assessed. There were some changes in the pattern of lifestyle risk factors between assessments: 227 (24%) participants had fewer risk factors by age 60–64; 249 (27%) had more. Reductions in risk factors were associated with better physical performance at 60–64 and smaller declines over time (all p < 0.05); these associations were robust to adjustment. Strategies to support reduction in number of lifestyle risk factors around typical retirement age may have beneficial effects on physical performance in early older age.

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