A study of mood status in children with type I diabetes mellitus: Relationship with parental stress and metabolic control

IntroductionIt has been widely recognized that DM can result in psychological, social and physical problems. Parents of children with DM are likely to be highly distressed.ObjectiveThe study of the relationship between mood status of children with type I DM and some factors that might be implicated in its determination.AimsTo evaluate the presence and degree of depression in a sample of children with type I diabetes and how much it might be affected by their metabolic control and the level of their parents’ stress.MethodsNinety-three children were diagnosed with DM type I. They were clinically interviewed and examined. They went through Childhood Depression Rating Scale (CDI), Family Attitudes Questionnaire and HbA1c% assessment. An age and sex matched control group was taken.ResultsThe age range of diabetic children was 7–18 and two thirds of them were females. Thirty-five patients (37.6%) were depressed according to CDI results. Diabetic children had significantly higher CDI total score and total parenting stress index (PSI) compared to the control group. CDI total score was positively and significantly correlated with indicators of poor diabetes control (frequency of DKA and HbA1C%) and with duration of diabetic illness. CDI total score was also positively and significantly correlated with PSI score.ConclusionsDepression was highly present in this sample of diabetic children. The degree of their mood impairment was positively correlated with duration of diabetic illness, indicators of poor metabolic control of DM and to the level of their parents’ stress.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Polymorphism of apolipoprotein E, lipoprotein(a), and other lipoproteins in children with type I diabetes

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/39.7.1427 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 1427-1432 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

B Salzer ◽

A Stavljenić ◽

G Jürgens ◽

M Dumić ◽

A Radica

Keyword(s):

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Low Density ◽

Lipoprotein A ◽

Apo E ◽

Diabetic Children

Abstract We assessed the effect of particular apolipoprotein (apo) E phenotypes, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and other lipoproteins on the development of dyslipoproteinemia in 450 patients with type I diabetes, ages 13-14 years. The control group consisted of 450 healthy school children of both sexes, ages 13-14 years. Both groups were found to be normolipidemic, but the concentration of Lp(a) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the diabetic children than in the control group. Apo E 3/2 and apo E 4/4 phenotypes were more frequent in the group of diabetics. Diabetics with the apo E 3/3 phenotype had higher concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and Lp(a), and lower concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) than the apo E 3/3 nondiabetics. For apo E 3/2 phenotypes, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LDL, apo A-I, and Lp(a) concentrations were higher in the diabetic children than in the control group; for apo E 4/3 phenotypes, this was true for triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol. The distribution of Lp(a) lipoprotein concentrations between 0.01 and > 0.5 g/L indicated a more frequent occurrence of higher Lp(a) values in diabetic children than in the control group. Results of this study indicate that an increased concentration of Lp(a) lipoprotein and apo E 3/2 and apo E 4/3 phenotypes contribute to the expression of dyslipoproteinemia in type I diabetes in childhood.

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Triglycerides Predict Plasma Fibronectin in Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus Rather than Diabetes

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove Czech Republic) ◽

10.14712/18059694.2019.54 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 33-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ayşe Binnur Erbağcı ◽

Mehmet Tarakçıoğlu ◽

Ahmet Erbağcı ◽

Mehmet Gözübüyük ◽

Necat Yılmaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Endothelial Activation ◽

Type I Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Plasma Fibronectin ◽

Diabetic Children ◽

Adhesive Proteins

Fibronectins are adhesive proteins considered as markers of endothelial activation. Plasma fibronectin levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) have been found to be associated with atherosclerotic risk factors. This study was carried out to investigate plasma fibronectin and its relation with serum lipids, apolipoproteins AI, B100 and lp(a) in diabetic children. 35 children (19F/16M) with type I DM and 30 non-diabetic age and gender-matched controls were enrolled. Apolipoprotein and fibronectin concentrations were determined with nephelometric methods. Plasma fibronectin levels of the children with type I DM and the control group are not statistically different. HbA1c and triglycerides concentration are found to be significant predictors of plasma fibronectin in diabetic children, while effect of plasma cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, B100 and lp(a) are insignificant. Diabetic children with triglycerides 1.13 mmol/l have elevated plasma fibronectin (median, 25th–75th percentiles; 29.6, 8.3–40.8 mg/dL) compared to the diabetic ≥19.9, 8.6–30.7 mg/dL, p<0,05) and non-diabetic children (16.6, 12.7–32.4 mg/dL, p<0.01) with triglycerides<1.13mmol/L. On the other hand plasma fibronectin concentrations of diabetic and non-diabetic children with high triglycerides are not significantly different. In conclusion our data does not support the concept that plasma fibronectin is elevated in type I diabetes mellitus at least in children, but high plasma triglycerides secondary to diabetes or not is associated with higher FNp concentrations which may have implications on atherogenesis. Plasma cholesterol, apolipoproteins AI, B100 and lp (a) are not significant determinants of FNp in type I diabetic children.

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HAEMOSTASEOLOGICAL CHANGES IN DIABETIC CHILDREN (HUMAN INSULIN VERSUS PORCINE INSULIN

10.1055/s-0038-1643099 ◽

1987 ◽

Author(s):

U Nowak-Göttl ◽

W D Kreuz ◽

M John ◽

B Krackhardt ◽

H-P Grüttner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Human Insulin ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Porcine Insulin ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Irreversible Damage ◽

Diabetic Children ◽

Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation

Changes of haemostaseological parameters are involved in pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. However it is not yet clear whether they are cause or consequence of the endothelial damage. We investigated coagulation parameters in 84 children with type I diabetes mellitus without clinical signs of vascular disease.Compared to the control group no significant changes could be seen in fibrinogen, plasminogen, protein C, α 1 antichymotrypsin, β-thrombo-globulin and ristocetin - induced aggregation.Additionally we could observe significant differences in patients treated with human insulin to those treated with porcine insulin. Spontaneous platelet aggregation (PAT III) and factor VIII C correlated to the duration of diabetes. Also to the mean metabolic equilibrium (HBA1) correlations could be found. Spontaneous platelet aggregation seems to be a useful parameter to assess the onset of atherosclerotic diseases in diabetic children. High values of von Willebrand factor may indicate reversible and/or irreversible damage of vascular endothelium.

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Parental stress in autistic parents: The counseling effects

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1504 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s787-s787

Author(s):

R. Ferrara ◽

M. Esposito

Keyword(s):

Parental Stress ◽

Short Form ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Stress Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Parental Distress ◽

Counseling Intervention ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Treatment Centre ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionIn parents of autistic children there are high levels of stress. For parents, counseling can help them face the world of autism through the many stressors they experiment.ObjectivesTo evidence a possible effect of the counseling intervention on parental stress.MethodsThe sample consisted of 24 parents (mean age = 38.7) of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder related to the treatment centre “Una breccia nel muro”. Parents’ group was randomly divided into two subgroups, the first (EG experimental group) consists in 12 parents, which were included in a counseling treatment of six months (one meeting of 2 hours every 15 days), while the other subgroup parents, (CG control group) were not included. We used parenting stress index–short form (PSI-SF) before counseling intervention (T0) and after (T1) with every parent. PSI values stress level in following scales: parental distress (PD), parent-child dysfunctional interaction (PCDI) and difficult child characteristics (DC). Figure 1 shows all the variables in each group at T0 and T1.ResultsThen a 2-tail t-test was separately carried out for each group (Counseling Yes; Counseling No). Counseling Yes: PD (t22 = .70, P = .49); PCDI (t22 = .72, P = .47); DC (t22 = 2.23, P = .03); Tot Stress (t22 = 1.04, P = .3). Counseling No: PD (t22 = .82, P = .42); PCDI (t22 = 1.7, P = .09); DC (t22 = .59, P = .56); Tot Stress (t22 = .72, P = .48)ConclusionsOur data confirm the positive effects of counseling especially on the difficulties related to children (DC scale).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Extracts of Gymnema Sylvestre in Streptozotocin Induced Type I Diabetes in Rats

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.v12i3.7089 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Nishtha R. Mahida ◽

G. . Mandali ◽

Vijaysinh V. Sindha ◽

S. K. Raval

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Diabetic Control ◽

Hypolipidemic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Gymnema Sylvestre ◽

Altered Glucose

Gymnema sylvestre of the family Asclepiadaceae is one of the most important medicinal plants of the central eco-region. It is popularly known as Gurmar, which means “sugar killer”. Extract of leaves is reported to have tannins, gum, flavonoids, proteins and saponins. It has displayed a wide array of pharmacological activities. This study was aimed to investigate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Gymnema sylvestre extract in experimentally induced diabetes in rats. Diabetes was produced in adult Wistar rats with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) @ 60 mg/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7th day (sugar >200 mg/dl), alcoholic and aqueous extracts of G. sylvestre (400 mg/kg) were administered orally to the experimental rats from 8th day and continued for 42 days thereafter. The antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity was estimated by measuring blood glucose, lipid profile and histopathological examination of various tissues from all the groups. Administration of STZ resulted in a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in blood glucose and lipid profile and histopathological alterations in Diabetic control group as compared to healthy control group. Gymnema treatment demonstrated significant (p less than 0.01) antidiabetic effect indicated by restoration of blood glucose compared to STZ control group. The study concluded that extracts of Gymnema sylvestre improved the altered glucose and lipid profile in diabetic rats, suggesting that the Gymnema Sylvestre extracts exhibit the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activity.

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Clinical and cytological characteristic of a condition of the oral cavity at pregnant women with various types of a diabetes mellitus

Journal of obstetrics and women s diseases ◽

10.17816/jowd65645-51 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ludmila Yu Orekhova ◽

Anna A Aleksandrova ◽

Ludmila A Aleksandrova ◽

Ramila S Musaeva ◽

Gulrukhsor Kh Tolibova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Liquid Based Cytology

Introduction. More and more researches dedicated to the communication of diseases of the oral cavity of pregnant women with diabetes. It is proved that the intensity of caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) increase significantly during pregnancy, while the presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes, increase these indexes.Aim. The aim of the work was to study the dental status of pregnant women with diabetes.Materials and methods. The study compared women with gestational diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes, to a control group of pregnant women without diabetes. In addition to clinical research methods, liquid-based cytology of the contents of the gingival sulcus was performed.Results. The results of clinical and laboratory studies have shown that inflammatory diseases of periodontium and teeth within pregnant women with diabetes are more common than within the pregnant women without this disease. It should be noted that the frequency of occurrence and severity of these diseases in the pregnant women with type I diabetes is higher than in the other groups.Conclusion. Pregnant women with diabetes are at risk for dental disease and require more attention from dentists, endocrinologists and obstetricians. The use of liquid-based cytology method helps in the diagnosis of inflammatory periodontal diseases.

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Diabetic polyneuropathy: features of the clinical picture and electroneuromyographic parameters in the presence of comorbidity

Likarska sprava ◽

10.31640/jvd.7-8.2020(5) ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 39-49

Author(s):

V. M. Dubynetska

Keyword(s):

Clinical Picture ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽

Neurological Status ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Abductor Hallucis ◽

Fiber Damage ◽

Left And Right ◽

Group B

Knowledges of certain key moments in the clinical course of diabetic polyneuropathy (DP) combined with varied comorbidity will allow the disease to be identified more effectively and treated comprehensively at different stages of onset. The aim of the research: was to investigate and summarize the features of the clinical picture, electroneuromyographic parameters in patients with DP in the presence of comorbidity. Materials and methods. 111 patients aged 19 to 69 years with DP were examined. The patients were divided into two groups: DP due to type I diabetes mellitus (DM) (group A; n = 61) and type II (group B; n = 50). According to the detected comorbidity, the following subgroups were identified: persons with DP as the result of type I, II DM with only one pathology (subgroup 1; n = 53) and the presence of multimorbidity (two or more pathologies) (subgroup 2; n = 21). The control group – 30 healthy persons representative by age and gender, 37 patients with DP without comorbidity. The patients were examined for neurological status, laboratory tests, instrumental examination methods. Results and discussion. In general, among the studied groups, the lowest nerve conduction velocity in the motor fibers was in abductor hallucis, tibialis on the left, extensor digitorum brevis, peroneus on the left and right, in sensory fibers – peroneus superficialis on the left and right, n. suralis on the left and right. Such changes primarily reflect the lesion of the distal extremities, which clinically looks like a distal symmetrical DP. Was dominated axonal and demyelinating type of nerve fiber damage. Conclusions. Comorbidity contributes to the progression of DP and deterioration of its clinical picture, electroneuromyographic rates, even in the presence of a single pathology, low duration of DM and HbA1c level.

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A program to reduce onset distress in unselected type I diabetic patients: effects on psychological variables and metabolic control

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1320580 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 132 (5) ◽

pp. 580-586 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

K Spiess ◽

G Sachs ◽

P Pietschmann ◽

R Prager

Keyword(s):

Patient Education ◽

Metabolic Control ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Intensive Treatment ◽

Medical Psychology ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type I ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Reduction Program

Spiess K, Sachs G, Pietschmann P, Prager R. A program to reduce onset distress in unselected type I diabetic patients: effects on psychological variables and metabolic control. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:580–6. ISSN 0804–4643 This paper reports the results of a prospective controlled trial of a program addressing reduction of onset distress and better future adaptation in adults who were enrolled at the time of diagnosis of type I diabetes mellitus. Patients were assigned randomly to either standard intensive treatment and patient education with the distress reduction program (N = 10) or to standard intensive treatment and patient education without this program (N = 13). Prospective follow-up of patients with multiple validated measures of treatment outcome showed less anxious coping behavior, less depression and less denial at the 9-month follow-up and less denial at the 15-month follow-up in the group with the distress reduction program, but no differences in metabolic control between the two groups at any time. We conclude that our program has a positive impact on the crisis at diabetes onset; the lower denial in the treatment group may lead to improved regimen adherence in the long term. Klaus Spiess, Institute of Medical Psychology, University of Vienna, Severingasse 9, A-1090-Vienna, Austria

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Hematuria and Hypercalciuria in Children With Diabetes Mellitus

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.79.5.756 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 79 (5) ◽

pp. 756-759

Author(s):

John I. Malone ◽

Saul Lowitt ◽

John A. Duncan ◽

Shirish C. Shah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type I Diabetes ◽

Large Population ◽

Unknown Origin ◽

Urinary Calcium ◽

Calcium Excretion ◽

Type I ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Diabetic Children ◽

Nondiabetic Control

Hematuria of unknown origin occurs in 30% of patients with diabetic nephropathy. In nondiabetic persons, hematuria may be caused by hypercalciuria with or without nephrolithiasis. Eight children with type I diabetes mellitus, hematuria, and hypercalciuria were observed in our clinic during a 1-year period. Two of these also had evidence of renal papillary necrosis. To assess the importance of hypercalciuria in the pathogenesis of hematuria in children with diabetes mellitus, we measured urinary calcium excretion in a large population of such patients. The calcium to creatinine ratio in the urine of diabetic children (0.21 ± 0.01) was greater than that of nondiabetic children (0.12 ± 0.01). A calcium to creatinine ratio of 0.28 was established as the upper limit of normal in our nondiabetic population, and 27% of the diabetic children were hypercalciuric on this basis. The diabetic children with hypercalciuria also had hyperphosphaturia and a urinary CaHPO4.2H2O molar ion product three times that found in the nondiabetic control population. These data suggest that many children with diabetes are at risk for renal damage due to hypercalciuria. Because hypercalciuria is more common in diabetic than nondiabetic children, it may play a previously unrecognized role in the renal disease associated with diabetes mellitus.

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